Initial checkin of GCC 4.9.0 from trunk (r208799).

Change-Id: I48a3c08bb98542aa215912a75f03c0890e497dba

1 files changed, 2904 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/gcc-4.9/libjava/jni.cc b/gcc-4.9/libjava/jni.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..86a4dc5b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc-4.9/libjava/jni.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,2904 @@
+// jni.cc - JNI implementation, including the jump table.
+
+/* Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
+   Free Software Foundation
+
+   This file is part of libgcj.
+
+This software is copyrighted work licensed under the terms of the
+Libgcj License.  Please consult the file "LIBGCJ_LICENSE" for
+details.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <gcj/cni.h>
+#include <jvm.h>
+#include <java-assert.h>
+#include <jni.h>
+#ifdef ENABLE_JVMPI
+#include <jvmpi.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef INTERPRETER
+#include <jvmti.h>
+#include "jvmti-int.h"
+#endif
+#include <java/lang/Class.h>
+#include <java/lang/ClassLoader.h>
+#include <java/lang/Throwable.h>
+#include <java/lang/ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.h>
+#include <java/lang/StringIndexOutOfBoundsException.h>
+#include <java/lang/StringBuffer.h>
+#include <java/lang/UnsatisfiedLinkError.h>
+#include <java/lang/InstantiationException.h>
+#include <java/lang/NoSuchFieldError.h>
+#include <java/lang/NoSuchMethodError.h>
+#include <java/lang/reflect/Constructor.h>
+#include <java/lang/reflect/Method.h>
+#include <java/lang/reflect/Modifier.h>
+#include <java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.h>
+#include <java/lang/Integer.h>
+#include <java/lang/ThreadGroup.h>
+#include <java/lang/Thread.h>
+#include <java/lang/IllegalAccessError.h>
+#include <java/nio/Buffer.h>
+#include <java/nio/DirectByteBufferImpl.h>
+#include <java/nio/DirectByteBufferImpl$ReadWrite.h>
+#include <java/util/IdentityHashMap.h>
+#include <gnu/gcj/RawData.h>
+#include <java/lang/ClassNotFoundException.h>
+
+#include <gcj/method.h>
+#include <gcj/field.h>
+
+#include <java-interp.h>
+#include <java-threads.h>
+
+using namespace gcj;
+
+// This enum is used to select different template instantiations in
+// the invocation code.
+enum invocation_type
+{
+  normal,
+  nonvirtual,
+  static_type,
+  constructor
+};
+
+// Forward declarations.
+extern struct JNINativeInterface_ _Jv_JNIFunctions;
+extern struct JNIInvokeInterface_ _Jv_JNI_InvokeFunctions;
+
+// Number of slots in the default frame.  The VM must allow at least
+// 16.
+#define FRAME_SIZE 16
+
+// Mark value indicating this is an overflow frame.
+#define MARK_NONE    0
+// Mark value indicating this is a user frame.
+#define MARK_USER    1
+// Mark value indicating this is a system frame.
+#define MARK_SYSTEM  2
+
+// This structure is used to keep track of local references.
+struct _Jv_JNI_LocalFrame
+{
+  // This is one of the MARK_ constants.
+  unsigned char marker;
+
+  // Flag to indicate some locals were allocated.
+  bool allocated_p;
+
+  // Number of elements in frame.
+  int size;
+
+  // The class loader of the JNI method that allocated this frame.
+  ::java::lang::ClassLoader *loader;
+
+  // Next frame in chain.
+  _Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *next;
+
+  // The elements.  These are allocated using the C "struct hack".
+  jobject vec[0];
+};
+
+// This holds a reference count for all local references.
+static java::util::IdentityHashMap *local_ref_table;
+// This holds a reference count for all global references.
+static java::util::IdentityHashMap *global_ref_table;
+
+// The only VM.
+JavaVM *_Jv_the_vm;
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_JVMPI
+// The only JVMPI interface description.
+static JVMPI_Interface _Jv_JVMPI_Interface;
+
+static jint
+jvmpiEnableEvent (jint event_type, void *)
+{
+  switch (event_type)
+    {
+    case JVMPI_EVENT_OBJECT_ALLOC:
+      _Jv_JVMPI_Notify_OBJECT_ALLOC = _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.NotifyEvent;
+      break;
+
+    case JVMPI_EVENT_THREAD_START:
+      _Jv_JVMPI_Notify_THREAD_START = _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.NotifyEvent;
+      break;
+
+    case JVMPI_EVENT_THREAD_END:
+      _Jv_JVMPI_Notify_THREAD_END = _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.NotifyEvent;
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      return JVMPI_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+    }
+
+  return JVMPI_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+static jint
+jvmpiDisableEvent (jint event_type, void *)
+{
+  switch (event_type)
+    {
+    case JVMPI_EVENT_OBJECT_ALLOC:
+      _Jv_JVMPI_Notify_OBJECT_ALLOC = NULL;
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      return JVMPI_NOT_AVAILABLE;
+    }
+
+  return JVMPI_SUCCESS;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+
+void
+_Jv_JNI_Init (void)
+{
+  local_ref_table = new java::util::IdentityHashMap;
+  global_ref_table = new java::util::IdentityHashMap;
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_JVMPI
+  _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.version = 1;
+  _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.EnableEvent = &jvmpiEnableEvent;
+  _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.DisableEvent = &jvmpiDisableEvent;
+  _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.EnableGC = &_Jv_EnableGC;
+  _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.DisableGC = &_Jv_DisableGC;
+  _Jv_JVMPI_Interface.RunGC = &_Jv_RunGC;
+#endif
+}
+
+// Tell the GC that a certain pointer is live.
+static void
+mark_for_gc (jobject obj, java::util::IdentityHashMap *ref_table)
+{
+  JvSynchronize sync (ref_table);
+
+  using namespace java::lang;
+  Integer *refcount = (Integer *) ref_table->get (obj);
+  jint val = (refcount == NULL) ? 0 : refcount->intValue ();
+  // FIXME: what about out of memory error?
+  ref_table->put (obj, new Integer (val + 1));
+}
+
+// Unmark a pointer.
+static void
+unmark_for_gc (jobject obj, java::util::IdentityHashMap *ref_table)
+{
+  JvSynchronize sync (ref_table);
+
+  using namespace java::lang;
+  Integer *refcount = (Integer *) ref_table->get (obj);
+  JvAssert (refcount);
+  jint val = refcount->intValue () - 1;
+  JvAssert (val >= 0);
+  if (val == 0)
+    ref_table->remove (obj);
+  else
+    // FIXME: what about out of memory error?
+    ref_table->put (obj, new Integer (val));
+}
+
+// "Unwrap" some random non-reference type.  This exists to simplify
+// other template functions.
+template<typename T>
+static T
+unwrap (T val)
+{
+  return val;
+}
+
+// Unwrap a weak reference, if required.
+template<typename T>
+static T *
+unwrap (T *obj)
+{
+  using namespace gnu::gcj::runtime;
+  // We can compare the class directly because JNIWeakRef is `final'.
+  // Doing it this way is much faster.
+  if (obj == NULL || obj->getClass () != &JNIWeakRef::class$)
+    return obj;
+  JNIWeakRef *wr = reinterpret_cast<JNIWeakRef *> (obj);
+  return reinterpret_cast<T *> (wr->get ());
+}
+
+jobject
+_Jv_UnwrapJNIweakReference (jobject obj)
+{
+  return unwrap (obj);
+}
+
+
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewGlobalRef (JNIEnv *, jobject obj)
+{
+  // This seems weird but I think it is correct.
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  mark_for_gc (obj, global_ref_table);
+  return obj;
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_DeleteGlobalRef (JNIEnv *, jobject obj)
+{
+  // This seems weird but I think it is correct.
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  
+  // NULL is ok here -- the JNI specification doesn't say so, but this
+  // is a no-op.
+  if (! obj)
+    return;
+
+  unmark_for_gc (obj, global_ref_table);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_DeleteLocalRef (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
+{
+  _Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *frame;
+
+  // This seems weird but I think it is correct.
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+
+  // NULL is ok here -- the JNI specification doesn't say so, but this
+  // is a no-op.
+  if (! obj)
+    return;
+
+  for (frame = env->locals; frame != NULL; frame = frame->next)
+    {
+      for (int i = 0; i < frame->size; ++i)
+	{
+	  if (frame->vec[i] == obj)
+	    {
+	      frame->vec[i] = NULL;
+	      unmark_for_gc (obj, local_ref_table);
+	      return;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      // Don't go past a marked frame.
+      JvAssert (frame->marker == MARK_NONE);
+    }
+
+  JvAssert (0);
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_EnsureLocalCapacity (JNIEnv *env, jint size)
+{
+  // It is easier to just always allocate a new frame of the requested
+  // size.  This isn't the most efficient thing, but for now we don't
+  // care.  Note that _Jv_JNI_PushLocalFrame relies on this right now.
+
+  _Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *frame;
+  try
+    {
+      frame = (_Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *) _Jv_Malloc (sizeof (_Jv_JNI_LocalFrame)
+						 + size * sizeof (jobject));
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+      return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+  frame->marker = MARK_NONE;
+  frame->size = size;
+  frame->allocated_p = false;
+  memset (&frame->vec[0], 0, size * sizeof (jobject));
+  frame->loader = env->locals->loader;
+  frame->next = env->locals;
+  env->locals = frame;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_PushLocalFrame (JNIEnv *env, jint size)
+{
+  jint r = _Jv_JNI_EnsureLocalCapacity (env, size);
+  if (r < 0)
+    return r;
+
+  // The new frame is on top.
+  env->locals->marker = MARK_USER;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewLocalRef (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
+{
+  // This seems weird but I think it is correct.
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+
+  // Try to find an open slot somewhere in the topmost frame.
+  _Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *frame = env->locals;
+  bool done = false, set = false;
+  for (; frame != NULL && ! done; frame = frame->next)
+    {
+      for (int i = 0; i < frame->size; ++i)
+	{
+	  if (frame->vec[i] == NULL)
+	    {
+	      set = true;
+	      done = true;
+	      frame->vec[i] = obj;
+	      frame->allocated_p = true;
+	      break;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      // If we found a slot, or if the frame we just searched is the
+      // mark frame, then we are done.
+      if (done || frame == NULL || frame->marker != MARK_NONE)
+	break;
+    }
+
+  if (! set)
+    {
+      // No slots, so we allocate a new frame.  According to the spec
+      // we could just die here.  FIXME: return value.
+      _Jv_JNI_EnsureLocalCapacity (env, 16);
+      // We know the first element of the new frame will be ok.
+      env->locals->vec[0] = obj;
+      env->locals->allocated_p = true;
+    }
+
+  mark_for_gc (obj, local_ref_table);
+  return obj;
+}
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_PopLocalFrame (JNIEnv *env, jobject result, int stop)
+{
+  _Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *rf = env->locals;
+
+  bool done = false;
+  while (rf != NULL && ! done)
+    {
+      for (int i = 0; i < rf->size; ++i)
+	if (rf->vec[i] != NULL)
+	  unmark_for_gc (rf->vec[i], local_ref_table);
+
+      // If the frame we just freed is the marker frame, we are done.
+      done = (rf->marker == stop);
+
+      _Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *n = rf->next;
+      // When N==NULL, we've reached the reusable bottom_locals, and we must
+      // not free it.  However, we must be sure to clear all its elements.
+      if (n == NULL)
+	{
+	  if (rf->allocated_p)
+	    memset (&rf->vec[0], 0, rf->size * sizeof (jobject));
+	  rf->allocated_p = false;
+	  rf = NULL;
+	  break;
+	}
+
+      _Jv_Free (rf);
+      rf = n;
+    }
+
+  // Update the local frame information.
+  env->locals = rf;
+
+  return result == NULL ? NULL : _Jv_JNI_NewLocalRef (env, result);
+}
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_PopLocalFrame (JNIEnv *env, jobject result)
+{
+  return _Jv_JNI_PopLocalFrame (env, result, MARK_USER);
+}
+
+// Make sure an array's type is compatible with the type of the
+// destination.
+template<typename T>
+static bool
+_Jv_JNI_check_types (JNIEnv *env, JArray<T> *array, jclass K)
+{
+  jclass klass = array->getClass()->getComponentType();
+  if (__builtin_expect (klass != K, false))
+    {
+      env->ex = new java::lang::IllegalAccessError ();
+      return false;
+    }
+  else
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Pop a `system' frame from the stack.  This is `extern "C"' as it is
+// used by the compiler.
+extern "C" void
+_Jv_JNI_PopSystemFrame (JNIEnv *env)
+{
+  // Only enter slow path when we're not at the bottom, or there have been
+  // allocations. Usually this is false and we can just null out the locals
+  // field.
+
+  if (__builtin_expect ((env->locals->next 
+			 || env->locals->allocated_p), false))
+    _Jv_JNI_PopLocalFrame (env, NULL, MARK_SYSTEM);
+  else
+    env->locals = NULL;
+
+#ifdef INTERPRETER
+  if (__builtin_expect (env->ex != NULL, false))
+    {
+      jthrowable t = env->ex;
+      env->ex = NULL;
+      if (JVMTI_REQUESTED_EVENT (Exception))
+	_Jv_ReportJVMTIExceptionThrow (t);
+      throw t;
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+template<typename T> T extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & t);
+template<> jboolean extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.z; }
+template<> jbyte    extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.b; }
+template<> jchar    extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.c; }
+template<> jshort   extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.s; }
+template<> jint     extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.i; }
+template<> jlong    extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.j; }
+template<> jfloat   extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.f; }
+template<> jdouble  extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.d; }
+template<> jobject  extract_from_jvalue(jvalue const & jv) { return jv.l; }
+
+
+// This function is used from other template functions.  It wraps the
+// return value appropriately; we specialize it so that object returns
+// are turned into local references.
+template<typename T>
+static T
+wrap_value (JNIEnv *, T value)
+{
+  return value;
+}
+
+// This specialization is used for jobject, jclass, jstring, jarray,
+// etc.
+template<typename R, typename T>
+static T *
+wrap_value (JNIEnv *env, T *value)
+{
+  return (value == NULL
+	  ? value
+	  : (T *) _Jv_JNI_NewLocalRef (env, (jobject) value));
+}
+
+
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetVersion (JNIEnv *)
+{
+  return JNI_VERSION_1_4;
+}
+
+static jclass JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_DefineClass (JNIEnv *env, const char *name, jobject loader,
+		     const jbyte *buf, jsize bufLen)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      loader = unwrap (loader);
+
+      jstring sname = JvNewStringUTF (name);
+      jbyteArray bytes = JvNewByteArray (bufLen);
+
+      jbyte *elts = elements (bytes);
+      memcpy (elts, buf, bufLen * sizeof (jbyte));
+
+      java::lang::ClassLoader *l
+	= reinterpret_cast<java::lang::ClassLoader *> (loader);
+
+      jclass result = l->defineClass (sname, bytes, 0, bufLen);
+      return (jclass) wrap_value (env, result);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+static jclass JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_FindClass (JNIEnv *env, const char *name)
+{
+  // FIXME: assume that NAME isn't too long.
+  int len = strlen (name);
+  char s[len + 1];
+  for (int i = 0; i <= len; ++i)
+    s[i] = (name[i] == '/') ? '.' : name[i];
+
+  jclass r = NULL;
+  try
+    {
+      // This might throw an out of memory exception.
+      jstring n = JvNewStringUTF (s);
+
+      java::lang::ClassLoader *loader = NULL;
+      if (env->locals->loader != NULL)
+	loader = env->locals->loader;
+
+      if (loader == NULL)
+	{
+	  // FIXME: should use getBaseClassLoader, but we don't have that
+	  // yet.
+	  loader = java::lang::ClassLoader::getSystemClassLoader ();
+	}
+
+      r = loader->loadClass (n);
+      _Jv_InitClass (r);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+
+  return (jclass) wrap_value (env, r);
+}
+
+static jclass JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetSuperclass (JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz)
+{
+  return (jclass) wrap_value (env, unwrap (clazz)->getSuperclass ());
+}
+
+static jboolean JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_IsAssignableFrom (JNIEnv *, jclass clazz1, jclass clazz2)
+{
+  return unwrap (clazz2)->isAssignableFrom (unwrap (clazz1));
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_Throw (JNIEnv *env, jthrowable obj)
+{
+  // We check in case the user did some funky cast.
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  JvAssert (obj != NULL && java::lang::Throwable::class$.isInstance (obj));
+  env->ex = obj;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ThrowNew (JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, const char *message)
+{
+  using namespace java::lang::reflect;
+
+  clazz = unwrap (clazz);
+  JvAssert (java::lang::Throwable::class$.isAssignableFrom (clazz));
+
+  int r = JNI_OK;
+  try
+    {
+      JArray<jclass> *argtypes
+	= (JArray<jclass> *) JvNewObjectArray (1, &java::lang::Class::class$,
+					       NULL);
+
+      jclass *elts = elements (argtypes);
+      elts[0] = &java::lang::String::class$;
+
+      Constructor *cons = clazz->getConstructor (argtypes);
+
+      jobjectArray values = JvNewObjectArray (1, &java::lang::String::class$,
+					      NULL);
+      jobject *velts = elements (values);
+      velts[0] = JvNewStringUTF (message);
+
+      jobject obj = cons->newInstance (values);
+
+      env->ex = reinterpret_cast<jthrowable> (obj);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+      r = JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+  return r;
+}
+
+static jthrowable JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ExceptionOccurred (JNIEnv *env)
+{
+  return (jthrowable) wrap_value (env, env->ex);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ExceptionDescribe (JNIEnv *env)
+{
+  if (env->ex != NULL)
+    env->ex->printStackTrace();
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ExceptionClear (JNIEnv *env)
+{
+  env->ex = NULL;
+}
+
+static jboolean JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ExceptionCheck (JNIEnv *env)
+{
+  return env->ex != NULL;
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_FatalError (JNIEnv *, const char *message)
+{
+  JvFail (message);
+}
+
+
+
+static jboolean JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_IsSameObject (JNIEnv *, jobject obj1, jobject obj2)
+{
+  return unwrap (obj1) == unwrap (obj2);
+}
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_AllocObject (JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz)
+{
+  jobject obj = NULL;
+  using namespace java::lang::reflect;
+
+  try
+    {
+      clazz = unwrap (clazz);
+      JvAssert (clazz && ! clazz->isArray ());
+      if (clazz->isInterface() || Modifier::isAbstract(clazz->getModifiers()))
+	env->ex = new java::lang::InstantiationException ();
+      else
+	obj = _Jv_AllocObject (clazz);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+
+  return wrap_value (env, obj);
+}
+
+static jclass JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetObjectClass (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
+{
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  JvAssert (obj);
+  return (jclass) wrap_value (env, obj->getClass());
+}
+
+static jboolean JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_IsInstanceOf (JNIEnv *, jobject obj, jclass clazz)
+{
+  return unwrap (clazz)->isInstance(unwrap (obj));
+}
+
+
+
+//
+// This section concerns method invocation.
+//
+
+template<jboolean is_static>
+static jmethodID JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetAnyMethodID (JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz,
+			const char *name, const char *sig)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      clazz = unwrap (clazz);
+      _Jv_InitClass (clazz);
+
+      _Jv_Utf8Const *name_u = _Jv_makeUtf8Const ((char *) name, -1);
+
+      // FIXME: assume that SIG isn't too long.
+      int len = strlen (sig);
+      char s[len + 1];
+      for (int i = 0; i <= len; ++i)
+	s[i] = (sig[i] == '/') ? '.' : sig[i];
+      _Jv_Utf8Const *sig_u = _Jv_makeUtf8Const ((char *) s, -1);
+
+      JvAssert (! clazz->isPrimitive());
+
+      using namespace java::lang::reflect;
+
+      while (clazz != NULL)
+	{
+	  jint count = JvNumMethods (clazz);
+	  jmethodID meth = JvGetFirstMethod (clazz);
+
+	  for (jint i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+	    {
+	      if (((is_static && Modifier::isStatic (meth->accflags))
+		   || (! is_static && ! Modifier::isStatic (meth->accflags)))
+		  && _Jv_equalUtf8Consts (meth->name, name_u)
+		  && _Jv_equalUtf8Consts (meth->signature, sig_u))
+		return meth;
+
+	      meth = meth->getNextMethod();
+	    }
+
+	  clazz = clazz->getSuperclass ();
+	}
+
+      java::lang::StringBuffer *name_sig =
+        new java::lang::StringBuffer (JvNewStringUTF (name));
+      name_sig->append ((jchar) ' ');
+      name_sig->append (JvNewStringUTF (s));
+      env->ex = new java::lang::NoSuchMethodError (name_sig->toString ());
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+// This is a helper function which turns a va_list into an array of
+// `jvalue's.  It needs signature information in order to do its work.
+// The array of values must already be allocated.
+static void
+array_from_valist (jvalue *values, JArray<jclass> *arg_types, va_list vargs)
+{
+  jclass *arg_elts = elements (arg_types);
+  for (int i = 0; i < arg_types->length; ++i)
+    {
+      // Here we assume that sizeof(int) >= sizeof(jint), because we
+      // use `int' when decoding the varargs.  Likewise for
+      // float, and double.  Also we assume that sizeof(jlong) >=
+      // sizeof(int), i.e. that jlong values are not further
+      // promoted.
+      JvAssert (sizeof (int) >= sizeof (jint));
+      JvAssert (sizeof (jlong) >= sizeof (int));
+      JvAssert (sizeof (double) >= sizeof (jfloat));
+      JvAssert (sizeof (double) >= sizeof (jdouble));
+      if (arg_elts[i] == JvPrimClass (byte))
+	values[i].b = (jbyte) va_arg (vargs, int);
+      else if (arg_elts[i] == JvPrimClass (short))
+	values[i].s = (jshort) va_arg (vargs, int);
+      else if (arg_elts[i] == JvPrimClass (int))
+	values[i].i = (jint) va_arg (vargs, int);
+      else if (arg_elts[i] == JvPrimClass (long))
+	values[i].j = (jlong) va_arg (vargs, jlong);
+      else if (arg_elts[i] == JvPrimClass (float))
+	values[i].f = (jfloat) va_arg (vargs, double);
+      else if (arg_elts[i] == JvPrimClass (double))
+	values[i].d = (jdouble) va_arg (vargs, double);
+      else if (arg_elts[i] == JvPrimClass (boolean))
+	values[i].z = (jboolean) va_arg (vargs, int);
+      else if (arg_elts[i] == JvPrimClass (char))
+	values[i].c = (jchar) va_arg (vargs, int);
+      else
+	{
+	  // An object.
+	  values[i].l = unwrap (va_arg (vargs, jobject));
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+// This can call any sort of method: virtual, "nonvirtual", static, or
+// constructor.
+template<typename T, invocation_type style>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jclass klass,
+			jmethodID id, va_list vargs)
+{
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  klass = unwrap (klass);
+
+  jclass decl_class = klass ? klass : obj->getClass ();
+  JvAssert (decl_class != NULL);
+
+  jclass return_type;
+  JArray<jclass> *arg_types;
+
+  try
+    {
+      _Jv_GetTypesFromSignature (id, decl_class,
+				 &arg_types, &return_type);
+
+      jvalue args[arg_types->length];
+      array_from_valist (args, arg_types, vargs);
+
+      // For constructors we need to pass the Class we are instantiating.
+      if (style == constructor)
+	return_type = klass;
+
+      jvalue result;
+      _Jv_CallAnyMethodA (obj, return_type, id,
+			  style == constructor,
+			  style == normal,
+			  arg_types, args, &result);
+
+      return wrap_value (env, extract_from_jvalue<T>(result));
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+
+  return wrap_value (env, (T) 0);
+}
+
+template<typename T, invocation_type style>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jclass klass,
+		       jmethodID method, ...)
+{
+  va_list args;
+  T result;
+
+  va_start (args, method);
+  result = _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<T, style> (env, obj, klass, method, args);
+  va_end (args);
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+template<typename T, invocation_type style>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jclass klass,
+			jmethodID id, const jvalue *args)
+{
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  klass = unwrap (klass);
+
+  jclass decl_class = klass ? klass : obj->getClass ();
+  JvAssert (decl_class != NULL);
+
+  jclass return_type;
+  JArray<jclass> *arg_types;
+  try
+    {
+      _Jv_GetTypesFromSignature (id, decl_class,
+				 &arg_types, &return_type);
+
+      // For constructors we need to pass the Class we are instantiating.
+      if (style == constructor)
+	return_type = klass;
+
+      // Unwrap arguments as required.  Eww.
+      jclass *type_elts = elements (arg_types);
+      jvalue arg_copy[arg_types->length];
+      for (int i = 0; i < arg_types->length; ++i)
+	{
+	  if (type_elts[i]->isPrimitive ())
+	    arg_copy[i] = args[i];
+	  else
+	    arg_copy[i].l = unwrap (args[i].l);
+	}
+
+      jvalue result;
+      _Jv_CallAnyMethodA (obj, return_type, id,
+			  style == constructor,
+			  style == normal,
+			  arg_types, arg_copy, &result);
+
+      return wrap_value (env, extract_from_jvalue<T>(result));
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+
+  return wrap_value (env, (T) 0);
+}
+
+template<invocation_type style>
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodV (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jclass klass,
+			    jmethodID id, va_list vargs)
+{
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  klass = unwrap (klass);
+
+  jclass decl_class = klass ? klass : obj->getClass ();
+  JvAssert (decl_class != NULL);
+
+  jclass return_type;
+  JArray<jclass> *arg_types;
+  try
+    {
+      _Jv_GetTypesFromSignature (id, decl_class,
+				 &arg_types, &return_type);
+
+      jvalue args[arg_types->length];
+      array_from_valist (args, arg_types, vargs);
+
+      // For constructors we need to pass the Class we are instantiating.
+      if (style == constructor)
+	return_type = klass;
+
+      _Jv_CallAnyMethodA (obj, return_type, id,
+			  style == constructor,
+			  style == normal,
+			  arg_types, args, NULL);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+}
+
+template<invocation_type style>
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethod (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jclass klass,
+			   jmethodID method, ...)
+{
+  va_list args;
+
+  va_start (args, method);
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodV<style> (env, obj, klass, method, args);
+  va_end (args);
+}
+
+template<invocation_type style>
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodA (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jclass klass,
+			    jmethodID id, const jvalue *args)
+{
+  jclass decl_class = klass ? klass : obj->getClass ();
+  JvAssert (decl_class != NULL);
+
+  jclass return_type;
+  JArray<jclass> *arg_types;
+  try
+    {
+      _Jv_GetTypesFromSignature (id, decl_class,
+				 &arg_types, &return_type);
+
+      // Unwrap arguments as required.  Eww.
+      jclass *type_elts = elements (arg_types);
+      jvalue arg_copy[arg_types->length];
+      for (int i = 0; i < arg_types->length; ++i)
+	{
+	  if (type_elts[i]->isPrimitive ())
+	    arg_copy[i] = args[i];
+	  else
+	    arg_copy[i].l = unwrap (args[i].l);
+	}
+
+      _Jv_CallAnyMethodA (obj, return_type, id,
+			  style == constructor,
+			  style == normal,
+			  arg_types, args, NULL);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+}
+
+// Functions with this signature are used to implement functions in
+// the CallMethod family.
+template<typename T>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallMethodV (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, 
+		     jmethodID id, va_list args)
+{
+  return _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<T, normal> (env, obj, NULL, id, args);
+}
+
+// Functions with this signature are used to implement functions in
+// the CallMethod family.
+template<typename T>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallMethod (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jmethodID id, ...)
+{
+  va_list args;
+  T result;
+
+  va_start (args, id);
+  result = _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<T, normal> (env, obj, NULL, id, args);
+  va_end (args);
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Functions with this signature are used to implement functions in
+// the CallMethod family.
+template<typename T>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallMethodA (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, 
+		     jmethodID id, const jvalue *args)
+{
+  return _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<T, normal> (env, obj, NULL, id, args);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallVoidMethodV (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, 
+			 jmethodID id, va_list args)
+{
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodV<normal> (env, obj, NULL, id, args);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallVoidMethod (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jmethodID id, ...)
+{
+  va_list args;
+
+  va_start (args, id);
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodV<normal> (env, obj, NULL, id, args);
+  va_end (args);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallVoidMethodA (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, 
+			 jmethodID id, const jvalue *args)
+{
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodA<normal> (env, obj, NULL, id, args);
+}
+
+// Functions with this signature are used to implement functions in
+// the CallStaticMethod family.
+template<typename T>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass,
+			   jmethodID id, va_list args)
+{
+  JvAssert (((id->accflags) & java::lang::reflect::Modifier::STATIC));
+  JvAssert (java::lang::Class::class$.isInstance (unwrap (klass)));
+
+  return _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<T, static_type> (env, NULL, klass, id, args);
+}
+
+// Functions with this signature are used to implement functions in
+// the CallStaticMethod family.
+template<typename T>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass, 
+			  jmethodID id, ...)
+{
+  va_list args;
+  T result;
+
+  JvAssert (((id->accflags) & java::lang::reflect::Modifier::STATIC));
+  JvAssert (java::lang::Class::class$.isInstance (unwrap (klass)));
+
+  va_start (args, id);
+  result = _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<T, static_type> (env, NULL, klass,
+						   id, args);
+  va_end (args);
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+// Functions with this signature are used to implement functions in
+// the CallStaticMethod family.
+template<typename T>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass, jmethodID id,
+			   const jvalue *args)
+{
+  JvAssert (((id->accflags) & java::lang::reflect::Modifier::STATIC));
+  JvAssert (java::lang::Class::class$.isInstance (unwrap (klass)));
+
+  return _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<T, static_type> (env, NULL, klass, id, args);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallStaticVoidMethodV (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass, 
+			       jmethodID id, va_list args)
+{
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodV<static_type> (env, NULL, klass, id, args);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallStaticVoidMethod (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass, 
+			      jmethodID id, ...)
+{
+  va_list args;
+
+  va_start (args, id);
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodV<static_type> (env, NULL, klass, id, args);
+  va_end (args);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_CallStaticVoidMethodA (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass, 
+			       jmethodID id, const jvalue *args)
+{
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodA<static_type> (env, NULL, klass, id, args);
+}
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewObjectV (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass,
+		    jmethodID id, va_list args)
+{
+  JvAssert (klass && ! klass->isArray ());
+  JvAssert (! strcmp (id->name->chars(), "<init>")
+	    && id->signature->len() > 2
+	    && id->signature->chars()[0] == '('
+	    && ! strcmp (&id->signature->chars()[id->signature->len() - 2],
+			 ")V"));
+
+  return _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jobject, constructor> (env, NULL, klass,
+						       id, args);
+}
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewObject (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass, jmethodID id, ...)
+{
+  JvAssert (klass && ! klass->isArray ());
+  JvAssert (! strcmp (id->name->chars(), "<init>")
+	    && id->signature->len() > 2
+	    && id->signature->chars()[0] == '('
+	    && ! strcmp (&id->signature->chars()[id->signature->len() - 2],
+			 ")V"));
+
+  va_list args;
+  jobject result;
+
+  va_start (args, id);
+  result = _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jobject, constructor> (env, NULL, klass,
+							 id, args);
+  va_end (args);
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewObjectA (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass, jmethodID id,
+		    const jvalue *args)
+{
+  JvAssert (klass && ! klass->isArray ());
+  JvAssert (! strcmp (id->name->chars(), "<init>")
+	    && id->signature->len() > 2
+	    && id->signature->chars()[0] == '('
+	    && ! strcmp (&id->signature->chars()[id->signature->len() - 2],
+			 ")V"));
+
+  return _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jobject, constructor> (env, NULL, klass,
+						       id, args);
+}
+
+
+
+template<typename T>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetField (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jfieldID field)
+{
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  JvAssert (obj);
+  T *ptr = (T *) ((char *) obj + field->getOffset ());
+  return wrap_value (env, *ptr);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_SetField (JNIEnv *, jobject obj, jfieldID field, T value)
+{
+  obj = unwrap (obj);
+  value = unwrap (value);
+
+  JvAssert (obj);
+  T *ptr = (T *) ((char *) obj + field->getOffset ());
+  *ptr = value;
+}
+
+template<jboolean is_static>
+static jfieldID JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetAnyFieldID (JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz,
+		       const char *name, const char *sig)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      clazz = unwrap (clazz);
+
+      _Jv_InitClass (clazz);
+
+      _Jv_Utf8Const *a_name = _Jv_makeUtf8Const ((char *) name, -1);
+
+      // FIXME: assume that SIG isn't too long.
+      int len = strlen (sig);
+      char s[len + 1];
+      for (int i = 0; i <= len; ++i)
+	s[i] = (sig[i] == '/') ? '.' : sig[i];
+      java::lang::ClassLoader *loader = clazz->getClassLoaderInternal ();
+      jclass field_class = _Jv_FindClassFromSignature ((char *) s, loader);
+      if (! field_class)
+	throw new java::lang::ClassNotFoundException(JvNewStringUTF(s));
+
+      while (clazz != NULL)
+	{
+	  // We acquire the class lock so that fields aren't resolved
+	  // while we are running.
+	  JvSynchronize sync (clazz);
+
+	  jint count = (is_static
+			? JvNumStaticFields (clazz)
+			: JvNumInstanceFields (clazz));
+	  jfieldID field = (is_static
+			    ? JvGetFirstStaticField (clazz)
+			    : JvGetFirstInstanceField (clazz));
+	  for (jint i = 0; i < count; ++i)
+	    {
+	      _Jv_Utf8Const *f_name = field->getNameUtf8Const(clazz);
+
+	      // The field might be resolved or it might not be.  It
+	      // is much simpler to always resolve it.
+	      _Jv_Linker::resolve_field (field, loader);
+	      if (_Jv_equalUtf8Consts (f_name, a_name)
+		  && field->getClass() == field_class)
+		return field;
+
+	      field = field->getNextField ();
+	    }
+
+	  clazz = clazz->getSuperclass ();
+	}
+
+      env->ex = new java::lang::NoSuchFieldError ();
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+static T JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetStaticField (JNIEnv *env, jclass, jfieldID field)
+{
+  T *ptr = (T *) field->u.addr;
+  return wrap_value (env, *ptr);
+}
+
+template<typename T>
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_SetStaticField (JNIEnv *, jclass, jfieldID field, T value)
+{
+  value = unwrap (value);
+  T *ptr = (T *) field->u.addr;
+  *ptr = value;
+}
+
+static jstring JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewString (JNIEnv *env, const jchar *unichars, jsize len)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      jstring r = _Jv_NewString (unichars, len);
+      return (jstring) wrap_value (env, r);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+static jsize JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetStringLength (JNIEnv *, jstring string)
+{
+  return unwrap (string)->length();
+}
+
+static const jchar * JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetStringChars (JNIEnv *, jstring string, jboolean *isCopy)
+{
+  string = unwrap (string);
+  jchar *result = _Jv_GetStringChars (string);
+  mark_for_gc (string, global_ref_table);
+  if (isCopy)
+    *isCopy = false;
+  return (const jchar *) result;
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ReleaseStringChars (JNIEnv *, jstring string, const jchar *)
+{
+  unmark_for_gc (unwrap (string), global_ref_table);
+}
+
+static jstring JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewStringUTF (JNIEnv *env, const char *bytes)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      // For compatibility with the JDK.
+      if (!bytes)
+	return NULL;
+      jstring result = JvNewStringUTF (bytes);
+      return (jstring) wrap_value (env, result);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+static jsize JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetStringUTFLength (JNIEnv *, jstring string)
+{
+  return JvGetStringUTFLength (unwrap (string));
+}
+
+static const char * JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetStringUTFChars (JNIEnv *env, jstring string, 
+			   jboolean *isCopy)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      string = unwrap (string);
+      if (string == NULL)
+	return NULL;
+      jsize len = JvGetStringUTFLength (string);
+      char *r = (char *) _Jv_Malloc (len + 1);
+      JvGetStringUTFRegion (string, 0, string->length(), r);
+      r[len] = '\0';
+
+      if (isCopy)
+	*isCopy = true;
+
+      return (const char *) r;
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ReleaseStringUTFChars (JNIEnv *, jstring, const char *utf)
+{
+  _Jv_Free ((void *) utf);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetStringRegion (JNIEnv *env, jstring string, jsize start, 
+			 jsize len, jchar *buf)
+{
+  string = unwrap (string);
+  jchar *result = _Jv_GetStringChars (string);
+  if (start < 0 || start > string->length ()
+      || len < 0 || start + len > string->length ())
+    {
+      try
+	{
+	  env->ex = new java::lang::StringIndexOutOfBoundsException ();
+	}
+      catch (jthrowable t)
+	{
+	  env->ex = t;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    memcpy (buf, &result[start], len * sizeof (jchar));
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetStringUTFRegion (JNIEnv *env, jstring str, jsize start,
+			    jsize len, char *buf)
+{
+  str = unwrap (str);
+    
+  if (start < 0 || start > str->length ()
+      || len < 0 || start + len > str->length ())
+    {
+      try
+	{
+	  env->ex = new java::lang::StringIndexOutOfBoundsException ();
+	}
+      catch (jthrowable t)
+	{
+	  env->ex = t;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    _Jv_GetStringUTFRegion (str, start, len, buf);
+}
+
+static const jchar * JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetStringCritical (JNIEnv *, jstring str, jboolean *isCopy)
+{
+  jchar *result = _Jv_GetStringChars (unwrap (str));
+  if (isCopy)
+    *isCopy = false;
+  return result;
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ReleaseStringCritical (JNIEnv *, jstring, const jchar *)
+{
+  // Nothing.
+}
+
+static jsize JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetArrayLength (JNIEnv *, jarray array)
+{
+  return unwrap (array)->length;
+}
+
+static jobjectArray JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewObjectArray (JNIEnv *env, jsize length, 
+			jclass elementClass, jobject init)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      elementClass = unwrap (elementClass);
+      init = unwrap (init);
+
+      _Jv_CheckCast (elementClass, init);
+      jarray result = JvNewObjectArray (length, elementClass, init);
+      return (jobjectArray) wrap_value (env, result);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetObjectArrayElement (JNIEnv *env, jobjectArray array, 
+			       jsize index)
+{
+  if ((unsigned) index >= (unsigned) array->length)
+    _Jv_ThrowBadArrayIndex (index);
+  jobject *elts = elements (unwrap (array));
+  return wrap_value (env, elts[index]);
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_SetObjectArrayElement (JNIEnv *env, jobjectArray array, 
+			       jsize index, jobject value)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      array = unwrap (array);
+      value = unwrap (value);
+
+      _Jv_CheckArrayStore (array, value);
+      if ((unsigned) index >= (unsigned) array->length)
+	_Jv_ThrowBadArrayIndex (index);
+      jobject *elts = elements (array);
+      elts[index] = value;
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename T, jclass K>
+static JArray<T> * JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray (JNIEnv *env, jsize length)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      return (JArray<T> *) wrap_value (env, _Jv_NewPrimArray (K, length));
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+      return NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename T, jclass K>
+static T * JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements (JNIEnv *env, JArray<T> *array,
+				   jboolean *isCopy)
+{
+  array = unwrap (array);
+  if (! _Jv_JNI_check_types (env, array, K))
+    return NULL;
+  T *elts = elements (array);
+  if (isCopy)
+    {
+      // We elect never to copy.
+      *isCopy = false;
+    }
+  mark_for_gc (array, global_ref_table);
+  return elts;
+}
+
+template<typename T, jclass K>
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements (JNIEnv *env, JArray<T> *array,
+				       T *, jint /* mode */)
+{
+  array = unwrap (array);
+  _Jv_JNI_check_types (env, array, K);
+  // Note that we ignore MODE.  We can do this because we never copy
+  // the array elements.  My reading of the JNI documentation is that
+  // this is an option for the implementor.
+  unmark_for_gc (array, global_ref_table);
+}
+
+template<typename T, jclass K>
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion (JNIEnv *env, JArray<T> *array,
+				 jsize start, jsize len,
+				 T *buf)
+{
+  array = unwrap (array);
+  if (! _Jv_JNI_check_types (env, array, K))
+    return;
+
+  // The cast to unsigned lets us save a comparison.
+  if (start < 0 || len < 0
+      || (unsigned long) (start + len) > (unsigned long) array->length)
+    {
+      try
+	{
+	  // FIXME: index.
+	  env->ex = new java::lang::ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ();
+	}
+      catch (jthrowable t)
+	{
+	  // Could have thown out of memory error.
+	  env->ex = t;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      T *elts = elements (array) + start;
+      memcpy (buf, elts, len * sizeof (T));
+    }
+}
+
+template<typename T, jclass K>
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion (JNIEnv *env, JArray<T> *array,
+				 jsize start, jsize len, const T *buf)
+{
+  array = unwrap (array);
+  if (! _Jv_JNI_check_types (env, array, K))
+    return;
+
+  // The cast to unsigned lets us save a comparison.
+  if (start < 0 || len < 0
+      || (unsigned long) (start + len) > (unsigned long) array->length)
+    {
+      try
+	{
+	  // FIXME: index.
+	  env->ex = new java::lang::ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ();
+	}
+      catch (jthrowable t)
+	{
+	  env->ex = t;
+	}
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      T *elts = elements (array) + start;
+      memcpy (elts, buf, len * sizeof (T));
+    }
+}
+
+static void * JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayCritical (JNIEnv *, jarray array,
+				   jboolean *isCopy)
+{
+  array = unwrap (array);
+  // FIXME: does this work?
+  jclass klass = array->getClass()->getComponentType();
+  JvAssert (klass->isPrimitive ());
+  char *r = _Jv_GetArrayElementFromElementType (array, klass);
+  if (isCopy)
+    *isCopy = false;
+  return r;
+}
+
+static void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical (JNIEnv *, jarray, void *, jint)
+{
+  // Nothing.
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_MonitorEnter (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      _Jv_MonitorEnter (unwrap (obj));
+      return 0;
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+  return JNI_ERR;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_MonitorExit (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      _Jv_MonitorExit (unwrap (obj));
+      return 0;
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+  return JNI_ERR;
+}
+
+// JDK 1.2
+jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ToReflectedField (JNIEnv *env, jclass cls, jfieldID fieldID,
+			  jboolean)
+{
+  try
+    {
+      cls = unwrap (cls);
+      java::lang::reflect::Field *field = new java::lang::reflect::Field();
+      field->declaringClass = cls;
+      field->offset = (char*) fieldID - (char *) cls->fields;
+      field->name = _Jv_NewStringUtf8Const (fieldID->getNameUtf8Const (cls));
+      return wrap_value (env, field);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+// JDK 1.2
+static jfieldID JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_FromReflectedField (JNIEnv *, jobject f)
+{
+  using namespace java::lang::reflect;
+
+  f = unwrap (f);
+  Field *field = reinterpret_cast<Field *> (f);
+  return _Jv_FromReflectedField (field);
+}
+
+jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_ToReflectedMethod (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass, jmethodID id,
+			   jboolean)
+{
+  using namespace java::lang::reflect;
+
+  jobject result = NULL;
+  klass = unwrap (klass);
+
+  try
+    {
+      if (_Jv_equalUtf8Consts (id->name, init_name))
+	{
+	  // A constructor.
+	  Constructor *cons = new Constructor ();
+	  cons->offset = (char *) id - (char *) &klass->methods;
+	  cons->declaringClass = klass;
+	  result = cons;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  Method *meth = new Method ();
+	  meth->offset = (char *) id - (char *) &klass->methods;
+	  meth->declaringClass = klass;
+	  result = meth;
+	}
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+
+  return wrap_value (env, result);
+}
+
+static jmethodID JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_FromReflectedMethod (JNIEnv *, jobject method)
+{
+  using namespace java::lang::reflect;
+  method = unwrap (method);
+  if (Method::class$.isInstance (method))
+    return _Jv_FromReflectedMethod (reinterpret_cast<Method *> (method));
+  return
+    _Jv_FromReflectedConstructor (reinterpret_cast<Constructor *> (method));
+}
+
+// JDK 1.2.
+jweak JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewWeakGlobalRef (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj)
+{
+  using namespace gnu::gcj::runtime;
+  JNIWeakRef *ref = NULL;
+
+  try
+    {
+      // This seems weird but I think it is correct.
+      obj = unwrap (obj);
+      ref = new JNIWeakRef (obj);
+      mark_for_gc (ref, global_ref_table);
+    }
+  catch (jthrowable t)
+    {
+      env->ex = t;
+    }
+
+  return reinterpret_cast<jweak> (ref);
+}
+
+void JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_DeleteWeakGlobalRef (JNIEnv *, jweak obj)
+{
+  // JDK compatibility.
+  if (obj == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  using namespace gnu::gcj::runtime;
+  JNIWeakRef *ref = reinterpret_cast<JNIWeakRef *> (obj);
+  unmark_for_gc (ref, global_ref_table);
+  ref->clear ();
+}
+
+
+
+// Direct byte buffers.
+
+static jobject JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_NewDirectByteBuffer (JNIEnv *, void *address, jlong length)
+{
+  using namespace gnu::gcj;
+  using namespace java::nio;
+  return new DirectByteBufferImpl$ReadWrite
+    (reinterpret_cast<RawData *> (address), length);
+}
+
+static void * JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetDirectBufferAddress (JNIEnv *, jobject buffer)
+{
+  using namespace java::nio;
+  if (! _Jv_IsInstanceOf (buffer, &Buffer::class$))
+    return NULL;
+  Buffer *tmp = static_cast<Buffer *> (buffer);
+  return reinterpret_cast<void *> (tmp->address);
+}
+
+static jlong JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetDirectBufferCapacity (JNIEnv *, jobject buffer)
+{
+  using namespace java::nio;
+  if (! _Jv_IsInstanceOf (buffer, &Buffer::class$))
+    return -1;
+  Buffer *tmp = static_cast<Buffer *> (buffer);
+  if (tmp->address == NULL)
+    return -1;
+  return tmp->capacity();
+}
+
+static jobjectRefType JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetObjectRefType (JNIEnv *, MAYBE_UNUSED jobject object)
+{
+  JvFail("GetObjectRefType not implemented");
+  return JNIInvalidRefType;
+}
+
+
+
+struct NativeMethodCacheEntry : public JNINativeMethod
+{
+  char *className;
+};
+
+// Hash table of native methods.
+static NativeMethodCacheEntry *nathash;
+// Number of slots used.
+static int nathash_count = 0;
+// Number of slots available.  Must be power of 2.
+static int nathash_size = 0;
+
+#define DELETED_ENTRY ((char *) (~0))
+
+// Compute a hash value for a native method descriptor.
+static int
+hash (const NativeMethodCacheEntry *method)
+{
+  char *ptr;
+  int hash = 0;
+
+  ptr = method->className;
+  while (*ptr)
+    hash = (31 * hash) + *ptr++;
+
+  ptr = method->name;
+  while (*ptr)
+    hash = (31 * hash) + *ptr++;
+
+  ptr = method->signature;
+  while (*ptr)
+    hash = (31 * hash) + *ptr++;
+
+  return hash;
+}
+
+// Find the slot where a native method goes.
+static NativeMethodCacheEntry *
+nathash_find_slot (const NativeMethodCacheEntry *method)
+{
+  jint h = hash (method);
+  int step = (h ^ (h >> 16)) | 1;
+  int w = h & (nathash_size - 1);
+  int del = -1;
+
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      NativeMethodCacheEntry *slotp = &nathash[w];
+      if (slotp->name == NULL)
+	{
+	  if (del >= 0)
+	    return &nathash[del];
+	  else
+	    return slotp;
+	}
+      else if (slotp->name == DELETED_ENTRY)
+	del = w;
+      else if (! strcmp (slotp->name, method->name)
+	       && ! strcmp (slotp->signature, method->signature)
+	       && ! strcmp (slotp->className, method->className))
+	return slotp;
+      w = (w + step) & (nathash_size - 1);
+    }
+}
+
+// Find a method.  Return NULL if it isn't in the hash table.
+static void *
+nathash_find (NativeMethodCacheEntry *method)
+{
+  if (nathash == NULL)
+    return NULL;
+  NativeMethodCacheEntry *slot = nathash_find_slot (method);
+  if (slot->name == NULL || slot->name == DELETED_ENTRY)
+    return NULL;
+  return slot->fnPtr;
+}
+
+static void
+natrehash ()
+{
+  if (nathash == NULL)
+    {
+      nathash_size = 1024;
+      nathash =
+	(NativeMethodCacheEntry *) _Jv_AllocBytes (nathash_size
+						   * sizeof (NativeMethodCacheEntry));
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      int savesize = nathash_size;
+      NativeMethodCacheEntry *savehash = nathash;
+      nathash_size *= 2;
+      nathash =
+	(NativeMethodCacheEntry *) _Jv_AllocBytes (nathash_size
+						   * sizeof (NativeMethodCacheEntry));
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < savesize; ++i)
+	{
+	  if (savehash[i].name != NULL && savehash[i].name != DELETED_ENTRY)
+	    {
+	      NativeMethodCacheEntry *slot = nathash_find_slot (&savehash[i]);
+	      *slot = savehash[i];
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+nathash_add (const NativeMethodCacheEntry *method)
+{
+  if (3 * nathash_count >= 2 * nathash_size)
+    natrehash ();
+  NativeMethodCacheEntry *slot = nathash_find_slot (method);
+  // If the slot has a real entry in it, then there is no work to do.
+  if (slot->name != NULL && slot->name != DELETED_ENTRY)
+    return;
+  // FIXME: memory leak?
+  slot->name = strdup (method->name);
+  slot->className = strdup (method->className);
+  // This was already strduped in _Jv_JNI_RegisterNatives.
+  slot->signature = method->signature;
+  slot->fnPtr = method->fnPtr;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_RegisterNatives (JNIEnv *env, jclass klass,
+			 const JNINativeMethod *methods,
+			 jint nMethods)
+{
+  // Synchronize while we do the work.  This must match
+  // synchronization in some other functions that manipulate or use
+  // the nathash table.
+  JvSynchronize sync (global_ref_table);
+
+  NativeMethodCacheEntry dottedMethod;
+
+  // Look at each descriptor given us, and find the corresponding
+  // method in the class.
+  for (int j = 0; j < nMethods; ++j)
+    {
+      bool found = false;
+
+      _Jv_Method *imeths = JvGetFirstMethod (klass);
+      for (int i = 0; i < JvNumMethods (klass); ++i)
+	{
+	  _Jv_Method *self = &imeths[i];
+
+	  // Copy this JNINativeMethod and do a slash to dot
+	  // conversion on the signature.
+	  dottedMethod.name = methods[j].name;
+	  // FIXME: we leak a little memory here if the method
+	  // is not found.
+	  dottedMethod.signature = strdup (methods[j].signature);
+	  dottedMethod.fnPtr = methods[j].fnPtr;
+	  dottedMethod.className = _Jv_GetClassNameUtf8 (klass)->chars();
+	  char *c = dottedMethod.signature;
+	  while (*c)
+	    {
+	      if (*c == '/')
+		*c = '.';
+	      c++;
+	    }
+
+	  if (! strcmp (self->name->chars (), dottedMethod.name)
+	      && ! strcmp (self->signature->chars (), dottedMethod.signature))
+	    {
+	      if (! (self->accflags & java::lang::reflect::Modifier::NATIVE))
+		break;
+
+	      // Found a match that is native.
+	      found = true;
+	      nathash_add (&dottedMethod);
+
+	      break;
+	    }
+	}
+
+      if (! found)
+	{
+	  jstring m = JvNewStringUTF (methods[j].name);
+	  try
+	    {
+	      env->ex = new java::lang::NoSuchMethodError (m);
+	    }
+	  catch (jthrowable t)
+	    {
+	      env->ex = t;
+	    }
+	  return JNI_ERR;
+	}
+    }
+
+  return JNI_OK;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_UnregisterNatives (JNIEnv *, jclass)
+{
+  // FIXME -- we could implement this.
+  return JNI_ERR;
+}
+
+
+
+// Add a character to the buffer, encoding properly.
+static void
+add_char (char *buf, jchar c, int *here)
+{
+  if (c == '_')
+    {
+      buf[(*here)++] = '_';
+      buf[(*here)++] = '1';
+    }
+  else if (c == ';')
+    {
+      buf[(*here)++] = '_';
+      buf[(*here)++] = '2';
+    }
+  else if (c == '[')
+    {
+      buf[(*here)++] = '_';
+      buf[(*here)++] = '3';
+    }
+
+  // Also check for `.' here because we might be passed an internal
+  // qualified class name like `foo.bar'.
+  else if (c == '/' || c == '.')
+    buf[(*here)++] = '_';
+  else if ((c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+	   || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
+	   || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'))
+    buf[(*here)++] = (char) c;
+  else
+    {
+      // "Unicode" character.
+      buf[(*here)++] = '_';
+      buf[(*here)++] = '0';
+      for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+	{
+	  int val = c & 0x0f;
+	  buf[(*here) + 3 - i] = (val > 10) ? ('a' + val - 10) : ('0' + val);
+	  c >>= 4;
+	}
+      *here += 4;
+    }
+}
+
+// Compute a mangled name for a native function.  This computes the
+// long name, and also returns an index which indicates where a NUL
+// can be placed to create the short name.  This function assumes that
+// the buffer is large enough for its results.
+static void
+mangled_name (jclass klass, _Jv_Utf8Const *func_name,
+	      _Jv_Utf8Const *signature, char *buf, int *long_start)
+{
+  strcpy (buf, "Java_");
+  int here = 5;
+
+  // Add fully qualified class name.
+  jchar *chars = _Jv_GetStringChars (klass->getName ());
+  jint len = klass->getName ()->length ();
+  for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
+    add_char (buf, chars[i], &here);
+
+  // Don't use add_char because we need a literal `_'.
+  buf[here++] = '_';
+
+  const unsigned char *fn = (const unsigned char *) func_name->chars ();
+  const unsigned char *limit = fn + func_name->len ();
+  for (int i = 0; ; ++i)
+    {
+      int ch = UTF8_GET (fn, limit);
+      if (ch < 0)
+	break;
+      add_char (buf, ch, &here);
+    }
+
+  // This is where the long signature begins.
+  *long_start = here;
+  buf[here++] = '_';
+  buf[here++] = '_';
+
+  const unsigned char *sig = (const unsigned char *) signature->chars ();
+  limit = sig + signature->len ();
+  JvAssert (sig[0] == '(');
+  ++sig;
+  while (1)
+    {
+      int ch = UTF8_GET (sig, limit);
+      if (ch == ')' || ch < 0)
+	break;
+      add_char (buf, ch, &here);
+    }
+
+  buf[here] = '\0';
+}
+
+JNIEnv *
+_Jv_GetJNIEnvNewFrameWithLoader (::java::lang::ClassLoader *loader)
+{
+  JNIEnv *env = _Jv_GetCurrentJNIEnv ();
+  if (__builtin_expect (env == NULL, false))
+    {
+      env = (JNIEnv *) _Jv_MallocUnchecked (sizeof (JNIEnv));
+      env->functions = &_Jv_JNIFunctions;
+      env->locals = NULL;
+      // We set env->ex below.
+
+      // Set up the bottom, reusable frame.
+      env->bottom_locals = (_Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *) 
+	_Jv_MallocUnchecked (sizeof (_Jv_JNI_LocalFrame)
+			     + (FRAME_SIZE
+				* sizeof (jobject)));
+
+      env->bottom_locals->marker = MARK_SYSTEM;
+      env->bottom_locals->size = FRAME_SIZE;
+      env->bottom_locals->next = NULL;
+      env->bottom_locals->allocated_p = false;
+      // We set the klass field below.
+      memset (&env->bottom_locals->vec[0], 0, 
+	      env->bottom_locals->size * sizeof (jobject));
+
+      _Jv_SetCurrentJNIEnv (env);
+    }
+
+  // If we're in a simple JNI call (non-nested), we can just reuse the
+  // locals frame we allocated many calls ago, back when the env was first
+  // built, above.
+
+  if (__builtin_expect (env->locals == NULL, true))
+    {
+      env->locals = env->bottom_locals;
+      env->locals->loader = loader;
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      // Alternatively, we might be re-entering JNI, in which case we can't
+      // reuse the bottom_locals frame, because it is already underneath
+      // us. So we need to make a new one.
+      _Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *frame
+	= (_Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *) _Jv_MallocUnchecked (sizeof (_Jv_JNI_LocalFrame)
+						      + (FRAME_SIZE
+							 * sizeof (jobject)));
+
+      frame->marker = MARK_SYSTEM;
+      frame->size = FRAME_SIZE;
+      frame->allocated_p = false;
+      frame->next = env->locals;
+      frame->loader = loader;
+
+      memset (&frame->vec[0], 0, 
+	      frame->size * sizeof (jobject));
+
+      env->locals = frame;
+    }
+
+  env->ex = NULL;
+
+  return env;
+}
+
+// Return the current thread's JNIEnv; if one does not exist, create
+// it.  Also create a new system frame for use.  This is `extern "C"'
+// because the compiler calls it.
+extern "C" JNIEnv *
+_Jv_GetJNIEnvNewFrame (jclass klass)
+{
+  return _Jv_GetJNIEnvNewFrameWithLoader (klass->getClassLoaderInternal());
+}
+
+// Destroy the env's reusable resources. This is called from the thread
+// destructor "finalize_native" in natThread.cc
+void 
+_Jv_FreeJNIEnv (_Jv_JNIEnv *env)
+{
+  if (env == NULL)
+    return;
+
+  if (env->bottom_locals != NULL)
+    _Jv_Free (env->bottom_locals);
+
+  _Jv_Free (env);
+}
+
+// Return the function which implements a particular JNI method.  If
+// we can't find the function, we throw the appropriate exception.
+// This is `extern "C"' because the compiler uses it.
+extern "C" void *
+_Jv_LookupJNIMethod (jclass klass, _Jv_Utf8Const *name,
+		     _Jv_Utf8Const *signature, MAYBE_UNUSED int args_size)
+{
+  int name_length = name->len();
+  int sig_length = signature->len();
+  char buf[10 + 6 * (name_length + sig_length) + 12];
+  int long_start;
+  void *function;
+
+  // Synchronize on something convenient.  Right now we use the hash.
+  JvSynchronize sync (global_ref_table);
+
+  // First see if we have an override in the hash table.
+  strncpy (buf, name->chars (), name_length);
+  buf[name_length] = '\0';
+  strncpy (buf + name_length + 1, signature->chars (), sig_length);
+  buf[name_length + sig_length + 1] = '\0';
+  NativeMethodCacheEntry meth;
+  meth.name = buf;
+  meth.signature = buf + name_length + 1;
+  meth.className = _Jv_GetClassNameUtf8(klass)->chars();
+  function = nathash_find (&meth);
+  if (function != NULL)
+    return function;
+
+  // If there was no override, then look in the symbol table.
+  buf[0] = '_';
+  mangled_name (klass, name, signature, buf + 1, &long_start);
+  char c = buf[long_start + 1];
+  buf[long_start + 1] = '\0';
+
+  function = _Jv_FindSymbolInExecutable (buf + 1);
+#ifdef WIN32
+  // On Win32, we use the "stdcall" calling convention (see JNICALL
+  // in jni.h).
+  // 
+  // For a function named 'fooBar' that takes 'nn' bytes as arguments,
+  // by default, MinGW GCC exports it as 'fooBar@nn', MSVC exports it
+  // as '_fooBar@nn' and Borland C exports it as 'fooBar'. We try to
+  // take care of all these variations here.
+
+  char asz_buf[12];    /* '@' + '2147483647' (32-bit INT_MAX) + '\0' */
+  char long_nm_sv[11]; /* Ditto, except for the '\0'. */
+
+  if (function == NULL)
+    {
+      // We have tried searching for the 'fooBar' form (BCC) - now
+      // try the others.
+
+      // First, save the part of the long name that will be damaged
+      // by appending '@nn'.
+      memcpy (long_nm_sv, (buf + long_start + 1 + 1), sizeof (long_nm_sv));
+
+      sprintf (asz_buf, "@%d", args_size);
+      strcat (buf, asz_buf);
+
+      // Search for the '_fooBar@nn' form (MSVC).
+      function = _Jv_FindSymbolInExecutable (buf);
+
+      if (function == NULL)
+        {
+          // Search for the 'fooBar@nn' form (MinGW GCC).
+          function = _Jv_FindSymbolInExecutable (buf + 1);
+        }
+    }
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+
+  if (function == NULL)
+    {
+      buf[long_start + 1] = c;
+#ifdef WIN32
+      // Restore the part of the long name that was damaged by 
+      // appending the '@nn'.
+      memcpy ((buf + long_start + 1 + 1), long_nm_sv, sizeof (long_nm_sv));
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+      function = _Jv_FindSymbolInExecutable (buf + 1);
+      if (function == NULL)
+	{
+#ifdef WIN32
+          strcat (buf, asz_buf);
+          function = _Jv_FindSymbolInExecutable (buf);
+          if (function == NULL)
+            function = _Jv_FindSymbolInExecutable (buf + 1);
+
+          if (function == NULL)
+#endif /* WIN32 */
+            {
+              jstring str = JvNewStringUTF (name->chars ());
+              throw new java::lang::UnsatisfiedLinkError (str);
+            }
+	}
+    }
+
+  return function;
+}
+
+#ifdef INTERPRETER
+
+// This function is the stub which is used to turn an ordinary (CNI)
+// method call into a JNI call.
+void
+_Jv_JNIMethod::call (ffi_cif *, void *ret, INTERP_FFI_RAW_TYPE *args,
+		     void *__this)
+{
+  _Jv_JNIMethod* _this = (_Jv_JNIMethod *) __this;
+
+  JNIEnv *env = _Jv_GetJNIEnvNewFrame (_this->defining_class);
+
+  // FIXME: we should mark every reference parameter as a local.  For
+  // now we assume a conservative GC, and we assume that the
+  // references are on the stack somewhere.
+
+  // We cache the value that we find, of course, but if we don't find
+  // a value we don't cache that fact -- we might subsequently load a
+  // library which finds the function in question.
+  {
+    // Synchronize on a convenient object to ensure sanity in case two
+    // threads reach this point for the same function at the same
+    // time.
+    JvSynchronize sync (global_ref_table);
+    if (_this->function == NULL)
+      {
+        int args_size = sizeof (JNIEnv *) + _this->args_raw_size;
+
+        if (_this->self->accflags & java::lang::reflect::Modifier::STATIC)
+          args_size += sizeof (_this->defining_class);
+
+        _this->function = _Jv_LookupJNIMethod (_this->defining_class,
+                                               _this->self->name,
+                                               _this->self->signature,
+                                               args_size);
+      }
+  }
+
+  JvAssert (_this->args_raw_size % sizeof (INTERP_FFI_RAW_TYPE) == 0);
+  INTERP_FFI_RAW_TYPE
+      real_args[2 + _this->args_raw_size / sizeof (INTERP_FFI_RAW_TYPE)];
+  int offset = 0;
+
+  // First argument is always the environment pointer.
+  real_args[offset++].ptr = env;
+
+  // For a static method, we pass in the Class.  For non-static
+  // methods, the `this' argument is already handled.
+  if ((_this->self->accflags & java::lang::reflect::Modifier::STATIC))
+    real_args[offset++].ptr = _this->defining_class;
+
+  // In libgcj, the callee synchronizes.
+  jobject sync = NULL;
+  if ((_this->self->accflags & java::lang::reflect::Modifier::SYNCHRONIZED))
+    {
+      if ((_this->self->accflags & java::lang::reflect::Modifier::STATIC))
+	sync = _this->defining_class;
+      else
+	sync = (jobject) args[0].ptr;
+      _Jv_MonitorEnter (sync);
+    }
+
+  // Copy over passed-in arguments.
+  memcpy (&real_args[offset], args, _this->args_raw_size);
+  
+  // Add a frame to the composite (interpreted + JNI) call stack
+  java::lang::Thread *thread = java::lang::Thread::currentThread();
+  _Jv_NativeFrame nat_frame (_this, thread);
+
+  // The actual call to the JNI function.
+#if FFI_NATIVE_RAW_API
+  ffi_raw_call (&_this->jni_cif, (void (*)()) _this->function,
+		ret, real_args);
+#else
+  ffi_java_raw_call (&_this->jni_cif, (void (*)()) _this->function,
+		     ret, real_args);
+#endif
+
+  // We might need to unwrap a JNI weak reference here.
+  if (_this->jni_cif.rtype == &ffi_type_pointer)
+    {
+      _Jv_value *val = (_Jv_value *) ret;
+      val->object_value = unwrap (val->object_value);
+    }
+
+  if (sync != NULL)
+    _Jv_MonitorExit (sync);
+
+  _Jv_JNI_PopSystemFrame (env);
+}
+
+#endif /* INTERPRETER */
+
+
+
+//
+// Invocation API.
+//
+
+// An internal helper function.
+static jint
+_Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThread (JavaVM *, jstring name, void **penv,
+			     void *args, jboolean is_daemon)
+{
+  JavaVMAttachArgs *attach = reinterpret_cast<JavaVMAttachArgs *> (args);
+  java::lang::ThreadGroup *group = NULL;
+
+  if (attach)
+    {
+      // FIXME: do we really want to support 1.1?
+      if (attach->version != JNI_VERSION_1_4
+	  && attach->version != JNI_VERSION_1_2
+	  && attach->version != JNI_VERSION_1_1)
+	return JNI_EVERSION;
+
+      JvAssert (java::lang::ThreadGroup::class$.isInstance (attach->group));
+      group = reinterpret_cast<java::lang::ThreadGroup *> (attach->group);
+    }
+
+  // Attaching an already-attached thread is a no-op.
+  JNIEnv *env = _Jv_GetCurrentJNIEnv ();
+  if (env != NULL)
+    {
+      *penv = reinterpret_cast<void *> (env);
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  env = (JNIEnv *) _Jv_MallocUnchecked (sizeof (JNIEnv));
+  if (env == NULL)
+    return JNI_ERR;
+  env->functions = &_Jv_JNIFunctions;
+  env->ex = NULL;
+  env->bottom_locals
+    = (_Jv_JNI_LocalFrame *) _Jv_MallocUnchecked (sizeof (_Jv_JNI_LocalFrame)
+						  + (FRAME_SIZE
+						     * sizeof (jobject)));
+  env->locals = env->bottom_locals;
+  if (env->locals == NULL)
+    {
+      _Jv_Free (env);
+      return JNI_ERR;
+    }
+
+  env->locals->allocated_p = false;
+  env->locals->marker = MARK_SYSTEM;
+  env->locals->size = FRAME_SIZE;
+  env->locals->loader = NULL;
+  env->locals->next = NULL;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < env->locals->size; ++i)
+    env->locals->vec[i] = NULL;
+
+  *penv = reinterpret_cast<void *> (env);
+
+  // This thread might already be a Java thread -- this function might
+  // have been called simply to set the new JNIEnv.
+  if (_Jv_ThreadCurrent () == NULL)
+    {
+      try
+	{
+	  if (is_daemon)
+	    _Jv_AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon (name, group);
+	  else
+	    _Jv_AttachCurrentThread (name, group);
+	}
+      catch (jthrowable t)
+	{
+	  return JNI_ERR;
+	}
+    }
+  _Jv_SetCurrentJNIEnv (env);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+// This is the one actually used by JNI.
+jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThread (JavaVM *vm, void **penv, void *args)
+{
+  return _Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThread (vm, NULL, penv, args, false);
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon (JavaVM *vm, void **penv, 
+				     void *args)
+{
+  return _Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThread (vm, NULL, penv, args, true);
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_DestroyJavaVM (JavaVM *vm)
+{
+  JvAssert (_Jv_the_vm && vm == _Jv_the_vm);
+
+  union
+  {
+    JNIEnv *env;
+    void *env_p;
+  };
+
+  if (_Jv_ThreadCurrent () != NULL)
+    {
+      jstring main_name;
+      // This sucks.
+      try
+	{
+	  main_name = JvNewStringLatin1 ("main");
+	}
+      catch (jthrowable t)
+	{
+	  return JNI_ERR;
+	}
+
+      jint r = _Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThread (vm, main_name, &env_p,
+					    NULL, false);
+      if (r < 0)
+	return r;
+    }
+  else
+    env = _Jv_GetCurrentJNIEnv ();
+
+  _Jv_ThreadWait ();
+
+  // Docs say that this always returns an error code.
+  return JNI_ERR;
+}
+
+jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_DetachCurrentThread (JavaVM *)
+{
+  jint code = _Jv_DetachCurrentThread ();
+  return code  ? JNI_EDETACHED : 0;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetEnv (JavaVM *, void **penv, jint version)
+{
+  if (_Jv_ThreadCurrent () == NULL)
+    {
+      *penv = NULL;
+      return JNI_EDETACHED;
+    }
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_JVMPI
+  // Handle JVMPI requests.
+  if (version == JVMPI_VERSION_1)
+    {
+      *penv = (void *) &_Jv_JVMPI_Interface;
+      return 0;
+    }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef INTERPRETER
+  // Handle JVMTI requests
+  if (version == JVMTI_VERSION_1_0)
+    {
+      *penv = (void *) _Jv_GetJVMTIEnv ();
+      return 0;
+    }
+#endif
+
+  // FIXME: do we really want to support 1.1?
+  if (version != JNI_VERSION_1_4 && version != JNI_VERSION_1_2
+      && version != JNI_VERSION_1_1)
+    {
+      *penv = NULL;
+      return JNI_EVERSION;
+    }
+
+  *penv = (void *) _Jv_GetCurrentJNIEnv ();
+  return 0;
+}
+
+JavaVM *
+_Jv_GetJavaVM ()
+{
+  // FIXME: synchronize
+  if (! _Jv_the_vm)
+    {
+      JavaVM *nvm = (JavaVM *) _Jv_MallocUnchecked (sizeof (JavaVM));
+      if (nvm != NULL)
+	nvm->functions = &_Jv_JNI_InvokeFunctions;
+      _Jv_the_vm = nvm;
+    }
+
+  // If this is a Java thread, we want to make sure it has an
+  // associated JNIEnv.
+  if (_Jv_ThreadCurrent () != NULL)
+    {
+      void *ignore;
+      _Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThread (_Jv_the_vm, &ignore, NULL);
+    }
+
+  return _Jv_the_vm;
+}
+
+static jint JNICALL
+_Jv_JNI_GetJavaVM (JNIEnv *, JavaVM **vm)
+{
+  *vm = _Jv_GetJavaVM ();
+  return *vm == NULL ? JNI_ERR : JNI_OK;
+}
+
+
+
+#define RESERVED NULL
+
+struct JNINativeInterface_ _Jv_JNIFunctions =
+{
+  RESERVED,
+  RESERVED,
+  RESERVED,
+  RESERVED,
+  _Jv_JNI_GetVersion,		// GetVersion
+  _Jv_JNI_DefineClass,		// DefineClass
+  _Jv_JNI_FindClass,		// FindClass
+  _Jv_JNI_FromReflectedMethod,	// FromReflectedMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_FromReflectedField,	// FromReflectedField
+  _Jv_JNI_ToReflectedMethod,	// ToReflectedMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_GetSuperclass,	// GetSuperclass
+  _Jv_JNI_IsAssignableFrom,	// IsAssignableFrom
+  _Jv_JNI_ToReflectedField,	// ToReflectedField
+  _Jv_JNI_Throw,		// Throw
+  _Jv_JNI_ThrowNew,		// ThrowNew
+  _Jv_JNI_ExceptionOccurred,	// ExceptionOccurred
+  _Jv_JNI_ExceptionDescribe,	// ExceptionDescribe
+  _Jv_JNI_ExceptionClear,	// ExceptionClear
+  _Jv_JNI_FatalError,		// FatalError
+
+  _Jv_JNI_PushLocalFrame,	// PushLocalFrame
+  _Jv_JNI_PopLocalFrame,	// PopLocalFrame
+  _Jv_JNI_NewGlobalRef,		// NewGlobalRef
+  _Jv_JNI_DeleteGlobalRef,	// DeleteGlobalRef
+  _Jv_JNI_DeleteLocalRef,	// DeleteLocalRef
+
+  _Jv_JNI_IsSameObject,		// IsSameObject
+
+  _Jv_JNI_NewLocalRef,		// NewLocalRef
+  _Jv_JNI_EnsureLocalCapacity,	// EnsureLocalCapacity
+
+  _Jv_JNI_AllocObject,		    // AllocObject
+  _Jv_JNI_NewObject,		    // NewObject
+  _Jv_JNI_NewObjectV,		    // NewObjectV
+  _Jv_JNI_NewObjectA,		    // NewObjectA
+  _Jv_JNI_GetObjectClass,	    // GetObjectClass
+  _Jv_JNI_IsInstanceOf,		    // IsInstanceOf
+  _Jv_JNI_GetAnyMethodID<false>,    // GetMethodID
+
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jobject>,		// CallObjectMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jobject>,		// CallObjectMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jobject>,		// CallObjectMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jboolean>,		// CallBooleanMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jboolean>,	// CallBooleanMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jboolean>,	// CallBooleanMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jbyte>,		// CallByteMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jbyte>,		// CallByteMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jbyte>,		// CallByteMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jchar>,		// CallCharMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jchar>,		// CallCharMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jchar>,		// CallCharMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jshort>,		// CallShortMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jshort>,		// CallShortMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jshort>,		// CallShortMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jint>,		// CallIntMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jint>,		// CallIntMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jint>,		// CallIntMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jlong>,		// CallLongMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jlong>,		// CallLongMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jlong>,		// CallLongMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jfloat>,		// CallFloatMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jfloat>,		// CallFloatMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jfloat>,		// CallFloatMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethod<jdouble>,		// CallDoubleMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodV<jdouble>,		// CallDoubleMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallMethodA<jdouble>,		// CallDoubleMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallVoidMethod,		// CallVoidMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallVoidMethodV,		// CallVoidMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallVoidMethodA,		// CallVoidMethodA
+
+  // Nonvirtual method invocation functions follow.
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jobject, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualObjectMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jobject, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualObjectMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jobject, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualObjectMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jboolean, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualBooleanMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jboolean, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualBooleanMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jboolean, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualBooleanMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jbyte, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualByteMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jbyte, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualByteMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jbyte, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualByteMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jchar, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualCharMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jchar, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualCharMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jchar, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualCharMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jshort, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualShortMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jshort, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualShortMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jshort, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualShortMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jint, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualIntMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jint, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualIntMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jint, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualIntMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jlong, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualLongMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jlong, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualLongMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jlong, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualLongMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jfloat, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualFloatMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jfloat, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualFloatMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jfloat, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualFloatMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethod<jdouble, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualDoubleMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodV<jdouble, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualDoubleMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyMethodA<jdouble, nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualDoubleMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethod<nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualVoidMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodV<nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualVoidMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallAnyVoidMethodA<nonvirtual>,	// CallNonvirtualVoidMethodA
+
+  _Jv_JNI_GetAnyFieldID<false>,	// GetFieldID
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jobject>,	// GetObjectField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jboolean>,	// GetBooleanField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jbyte>,	// GetByteField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jchar>,	// GetCharField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jshort>,	// GetShortField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jint>,	// GetIntField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jlong>,	// GetLongField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jfloat>,	// GetFloatField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetField<jdouble>,	// GetDoubleField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetObjectField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetBooleanField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetByteField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetCharField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetShortField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetIntField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetLongField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetFloatField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetField,		// SetDoubleField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetAnyMethodID<true>,	// GetStaticMethodID
+
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jobject>,	  // CallStaticObjectMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jobject>,	  // CallStaticObjectMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jobject>,	  // CallStaticObjectMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jboolean>,	  // CallStaticBooleanMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jboolean>,	  // CallStaticBooleanMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jboolean>,	  // CallStaticBooleanMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jbyte>,	  // CallStaticByteMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jbyte>,	  // CallStaticByteMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jbyte>,	  // CallStaticByteMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jchar>,	  // CallStaticCharMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jchar>,	  // CallStaticCharMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jchar>,	  // CallStaticCharMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jshort>,	  // CallStaticShortMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jshort>,	  // CallStaticShortMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jshort>,	  // CallStaticShortMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jint>,	  // CallStaticIntMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jint>,	  // CallStaticIntMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jint>,	  // CallStaticIntMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jlong>,	  // CallStaticLongMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jlong>,	  // CallStaticLongMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jlong>,	  // CallStaticLongMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jfloat>,	  // CallStaticFloatMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jfloat>,	  // CallStaticFloatMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jfloat>,	  // CallStaticFloatMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethod<jdouble>,	  // CallStaticDoubleMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodV<jdouble>,	  // CallStaticDoubleMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticMethodA<jdouble>,	  // CallStaticDoubleMethodA
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticVoidMethod,		  // CallStaticVoidMethod
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticVoidMethodV,	  // CallStaticVoidMethodV
+  _Jv_JNI_CallStaticVoidMethodA,	  // CallStaticVoidMethodA
+
+  _Jv_JNI_GetAnyFieldID<true>,	       // GetStaticFieldID
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jobject>,     // GetStaticObjectField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jboolean>,    // GetStaticBooleanField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jbyte>,       // GetStaticByteField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jchar>,       // GetStaticCharField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jshort>,      // GetStaticShortField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jint>,	       // GetStaticIntField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jlong>,       // GetStaticLongField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jfloat>,      // GetStaticFloatField
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStaticField<jdouble>,     // GetStaticDoubleField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticObjectField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticBooleanField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticByteField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticCharField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticShortField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticIntField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticLongField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticFloatField
+  _Jv_JNI_SetStaticField,	       // SetStaticDoubleField
+  _Jv_JNI_NewString,		       // NewString
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStringLength,	       // GetStringLength
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStringChars,	       // GetStringChars
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleaseStringChars,	       // ReleaseStringChars
+  _Jv_JNI_NewStringUTF,		       // NewStringUTF
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStringUTFLength,	       // GetStringUTFLength
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStringUTFChars,	       // GetStringUTFChars
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleaseStringUTFChars,       // ReleaseStringUTFChars
+  _Jv_JNI_GetArrayLength,	       // GetArrayLength
+  _Jv_JNI_NewObjectArray,	       // NewObjectArray
+  _Jv_JNI_GetObjectArrayElement,       // GetObjectArrayElement
+  _Jv_JNI_SetObjectArrayElement,       // SetObjectArrayElement
+  _Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray<jboolean, JvPrimClass (boolean)>,
+							    // NewBooleanArray
+  _Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray<jbyte, JvPrimClass (byte)>,	    // NewByteArray
+  _Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray<jchar, JvPrimClass (char)>,	    // NewCharArray
+  _Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray<jshort, JvPrimClass (short)>,   // NewShortArray
+  _Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray<jint, JvPrimClass (int)>,	    // NewIntArray
+  _Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray<jlong, JvPrimClass (long)>,	    // NewLongArray
+  _Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray<jfloat, JvPrimClass (float)>,   // NewFloatArray
+  _Jv_JNI_NewPrimitiveArray<jdouble, JvPrimClass (double)>, // NewDoubleArray
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements<jboolean, JvPrimClass (boolean)>,	    
+					    // GetBooleanArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements<jbyte, JvPrimClass (byte)>,	 
+					    // GetByteArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements<jchar, JvPrimClass (char)>,
+					    // GetCharArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements<jshort, JvPrimClass (short)>,	    
+					    // GetShortArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements<jint, JvPrimClass (int)>,		    
+					    // GetIntArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements<jlong, JvPrimClass (long)>,		    
+					    // GetLongArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements<jfloat, JvPrimClass (float)>,	    
+					    // GetFloatArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayElements<jdouble, JvPrimClass (double)>,	    
+					    // GetDoubleArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements<jboolean, JvPrimClass (boolean)>,    
+					    // ReleaseBooleanArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements<jbyte, JvPrimClass (byte)>,    
+					    // ReleaseByteArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements<jchar, JvPrimClass (char)>,    
+					    // ReleaseCharArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements<jshort, JvPrimClass (short)>,	 
+					    // ReleaseShortArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements<jint, JvPrimClass (int)>,    
+					    // ReleaseIntArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements<jlong, JvPrimClass (long)>,    
+					    // ReleaseLongArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements<jfloat, JvPrimClass (float)>,	 
+					    // ReleaseFloatArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayElements<jdouble, JvPrimClass (double)>,	   
+					    // ReleaseDoubleArrayElements
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jboolean, JvPrimClass (boolean)>,	    
+					    // GetBooleanArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jbyte, JvPrimClass (byte)>,	    
+					    // GetByteArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jchar, JvPrimClass (char)>,	    
+					    // GetCharArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jshort, JvPrimClass (short)>,	    
+					    // GetShortArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jint, JvPrimClass (int)>,	    
+					    // GetIntArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jlong, JvPrimClass (long)>,	    
+					    // GetLongArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jfloat, JvPrimClass (float)>,	    
+					    // GetFloatArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jdouble, JvPrimClass (double)>,	    
+					    // GetDoubleArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jboolean, JvPrimClass (boolean)>,	    
+					    // SetBooleanArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jbyte, JvPrimClass (byte)>,	    
+					    // SetByteArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jchar, JvPrimClass (char)>,	    
+					    // SetCharArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jshort, JvPrimClass (short)>,	    
+					    // SetShortArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jint, JvPrimClass (int)>,	    
+					    // SetIntArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jlong, JvPrimClass (long)>,	    
+					    // SetLongArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jfloat, JvPrimClass (float)>,	    
+					    // SetFloatArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_SetPrimitiveArrayRegion<jdouble, JvPrimClass (double)>,	    
+					    // SetDoubleArrayRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_RegisterNatives,		    // RegisterNatives
+  _Jv_JNI_UnregisterNatives,		    // UnregisterNatives
+  _Jv_JNI_MonitorEnter,			    // MonitorEnter
+  _Jv_JNI_MonitorExit,			    // MonitorExit
+  _Jv_JNI_GetJavaVM,			    // GetJavaVM
+
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStringRegion,		    // GetStringRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStringUTFRegion,		    // GetStringUTFRegion
+  _Jv_JNI_GetPrimitiveArrayCritical,	    // GetPrimitiveArrayCritical
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical,    // ReleasePrimitiveArrayCritical
+  _Jv_JNI_GetStringCritical,		    // GetStringCritical
+  _Jv_JNI_ReleaseStringCritical,	    // ReleaseStringCritical
+
+  _Jv_JNI_NewWeakGlobalRef,		    // NewWeakGlobalRef
+  _Jv_JNI_DeleteWeakGlobalRef,		    // DeleteWeakGlobalRef
+
+  _Jv_JNI_ExceptionCheck,		    // ExceptionCheck
+
+  _Jv_JNI_NewDirectByteBuffer,		    // NewDirectByteBuffer
+  _Jv_JNI_GetDirectBufferAddress,	    // GetDirectBufferAddress
+  _Jv_JNI_GetDirectBufferCapacity,	    // GetDirectBufferCapacity
+
+  _Jv_JNI_GetObjectRefType		    // GetObjectRefType
+};
+
+struct JNIInvokeInterface_ _Jv_JNI_InvokeFunctions =
+{
+  RESERVED,
+  RESERVED,
+  RESERVED,
+
+  _Jv_JNI_DestroyJavaVM,
+  _Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThread,
+  _Jv_JNI_DetachCurrentThread,
+  _Jv_JNI_GetEnv,
+  _Jv_JNI_AttachCurrentThreadAsDaemon
+};