diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/builtins.ps')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/builtins.ps | 3826 |
1 files changed, 2007 insertions, 1819 deletions
diff --git a/doc/builtins.ps b/doc/builtins.ps index 6dde00b..5d49778 100644 --- a/doc/builtins.ps +++ b/doc/builtins.ps @@ -1,15 +1,15 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.19.2 -%%CreationDate: Tue Dec 28 14:30:24 2010 +%%CreationDate: Mon Feb 24 08:28:31 2014 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic %%+ font Symbol %%+ font Courier %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.19 2 -%%Pages: 22 +%%Pages: 23 %%PageOrder: Ascend -%%DocumentMedia: Default 595 842 0 () () +%%DocumentMedia: Default 612 792 0 () () %%Orientation: Portrait %%EndComments %%BeginDefaults @@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ setpacking %%EndProlog %%BeginSetup %%BeginFeature: *PageSize Default -<< /PageSize [ 595 842 ] /ImagingBBox null >> setpagedevice +<< /PageSize [ 612 792 ] /ImagingBBox null >> setpagedevice %%EndFeature %%IncludeResource: font Times-Roman %%IncludeResource: font Times-Bold @@ -199,11 +199,11 @@ setpacking %%IncludeResource: font Symbol %%IncludeResource: font Courier grops begin/DEFS 1 dict def DEFS begin/u{.001 mul}bind def end/RES 72 -def/PL 841.89 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron -/Zcaron/scaron/zcaron/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/Euro/.notdef +def/PL 792 def/LS false def/ENC0[/asciicircum/asciitilde/Scaron/Zcaron +/scaron/zcaron/Ydieresis/trademark/quotesingle/Euro/.notdef/.notdef /.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef /.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef -/.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/space/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent +/.notdef/.notdef/space/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent /ampersand/quoteright/parenleft/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen /period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon /semicolon/less/equal/greater/question/at/A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O @@ -278,15 +278,16 @@ E F0(])A F2(sour)108 303.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3 (ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 315.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02(cute commands from).15 F F3(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02 (in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F -(xit)-.15 E 1.68(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.68(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)4.18 E F0 6.68(.I).18 G(f)-6.68 E F3 -(\214lename)6.09 E F0 1.68(does not contain a slash, \214le)4.36 F .608 -(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E -F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F3 -(\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in) --5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 351.6 -R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832 -(is not in)3.332 F F3 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 +(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 +G 1.458(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f) +-6.458 E F3(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458 +(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 +9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608 +(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F3(\214lename)3.108 +E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA) +3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 351.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F3 +.832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 (he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982 (\214le is found in)144 363.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F2(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 @@ -333,7 +334,7 @@ F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F3(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 541.2 Q F0 .672 (peci\214ed)-2.919 E F3(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G (ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 565.2 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 E F2(bind)108 582 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSV)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 594 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +2.5(][)C F2(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 594 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 <ad6d>A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad71>-2.5 E F3 (function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F3(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad72>-2.5 E F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(])A F2(bind)108 606 Q F0([) @@ -361,7 +362,7 @@ E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af).15 F 2.659 180 726 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F3 3.193 (emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192 (d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E -F0(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(1)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +F0(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(1)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 2 2 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -414,2309 +415,2496 @@ E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G 2.5(ys)-.05 G (cuted command changes the v).15 F 2.011(alue of)-.25 F F3 (READLINE_LINE)4.511 E F0(or)4.261 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 360 Q/F4 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G -(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E(The return v) -144 376.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 +(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F2<ad58>144 372 +Q F0 .829(List all k)23.08 F 1.129 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 +(equences bound to shell commands and the associated commands in a for) +.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 384 Q(The return v) +144 400.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E F2(br)108 393.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .054 -(Exit from within a)144 405.6 R F2 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F2 -(while)2.554 E F0(,)A F2(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F2 +E F2(br)108 417.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .055 +(Exit from within a)144 429.6 R F2 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F2 +(while)2.555 E F0(,)A F2(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F2 (select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. 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The)-.15 F .215(return v)2.715 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 +453.6 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F2 -.2 +(bu)108 470.4 S(iltin).2 E F1(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E +F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 482.4 Q .793 +(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .793(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F1 (ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293 -F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616 +F .792(xit status.)-.15 F .792(This is useful)5.792 F .615 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 -470.4 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 -482.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F2(cd)3.07 E F0 +494.4 R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 +506.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F2(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E -5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 494.4 Q(alse if)-.1 +5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 518.4 Q(alse if)-.1 E F1(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E -(uiltin command.)-.2 E F2(caller)108 511.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 523.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +(uiltin command.)-.2 E F2(caller)108 535.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)C(pr) +.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 547.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F2(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F2(sour)144 535.2 Q -(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.824 G 2.824(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F1 -.2 -(ex)2.824 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.824 E F0 .324 +.254(cuted with the).15 F F2(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F2(sour)144 559.2 Q +(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G 2.825(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F1 -.2 +(ex)2.825 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.825 E F0 .324 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F -.254(subroutine call.)144 547.2 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 -F F1 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.753 E F0 .253 -(displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\ +.253(subroutine call.)144 571.2 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G(ti).05 E .553 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 +F F1 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F2(caller)2.753 E F0 .254 +(displays the line number)2.754 F 2.754(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.754 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 559.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 -(This e)144 571.2 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 -(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E -3.019(0. The)144 583.2 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 -(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52 -(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F1 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52 -(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 595.2 Q -(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F2(cd)108 612 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -<ad4c>A F0(|[)A F2<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F2<ad65>A F0(]]] [)A F1(dir)A F0(]) -A .21(Change the current directory to)144 624 R F1(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21 -(.T)C .21(he v)-5.21 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(HOME)2.71 E F0 .21(is the def) -2.46 F(ault)-.1 E F1(dir)2.71 E F0 5.21(.T).73 G .21(he v)-5.21 F -(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)2.71 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .776 -(de\214nes the search path for the directory containing)144 636 R F1 -(dir)3.276 E F0 5.777(.A).73 G(lternati)-5.777 E 1.077 -.15(ve d)-.25 H -.777(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.277 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.764(are separated by a colon \(:\).)144 648 R 3.264(An)5.764 G .764 -(ull directory name in)-3.264 F F3(CDP)3.264 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E -F0 .764(is the same as the current direc-)3.014 F(tory)144 660 Q 2.973 -(,i)-.65 G .473(.e., `)-2.973 F(`)-.74 E F2(.)A F0 -.74('')C 5.473(.I) -.74 G(f)-5.473 E F1(dir)3.323 E F0(be)3.703 E .474 -(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)2.974 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) -.855 E F0 .474(is not used. The)2.724 F F2<ad50>2.974 E F0 .474 -(option says to use)2.974 F .58(the ph)144 672 R .58 -(ysical directory structure instead of follo)-.05 F .579 -(wing symbolic links \(see also the)-.25 F F2<ad50>3.079 E F0 .579 -(option to the)3.079 F F2(set)144 684 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.716 G .216 -(iltin command\); the).2 F F2<ad4c>2.716 E F0 .216 -(option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.716 F 2.717(wed. If)-.25 F -(the)2.717 E F2<ad65>2.717 E F0 .217(option is sup-)2.717 F 1.087 -(plied with)144 696 R F2<ad50>3.587 E F0 3.587(,a)C 1.087 -(nd the current w)-3.587 F 1.086 -(orking directory cannot be successfully determined after a suc-)-.1 F -.44(cessful directory change,)144 708 R F2(cd)2.94 E F0 .44 -(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.94 F .44(An ar)5.44 F .44 -(gument of)-.18 F F2<ad>2.94 E F0 .44(is equi)2.94 F -.25(va)-.25 G .44 -(lent to).25 F F3($OLDPWD)144 720 Q F4(.)A F0 1.045 -(If a non-empty directory name from)5.545 F F3(CDP)3.545 E -.855(AT) --.666 G(H).855 E F0 1.044(is used, or if)3.295 F F2<ad>3.544 E F0 1.044 -(is the \214rst ar)3.544 F(gument,)-.18 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(2)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +ent e)144 583.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) +144 595.2 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 +(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F .001(The current frame is frame) +5.001 F 3.02(0. The)144 607.2 R .52(return v)3.02 F .52 +(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .519 +(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F1 -.2(ex)3.019 G(pr).2 E F0 .519 +(does not corre-)3.019 F(spond to a v)144 619.2 Q +(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F2(cd)108 636 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +<ad4c>A F0(|[)A F2<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F2<ad65>A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F1 +(dir)A F0(])A .321(Change the current directory to)144 648 R F1(dir) +2.821 E F0 5.321(.i)C(f)-5.321 E F1(dir)2.821 E F0 .322 +(is not supplied, the v)2.821 F .322(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.822 E +F0 .322(shell v)2.572 F .322(ariable is)-.25 F 1.036(the def)144 660 R +3.536(ault. An)-.1 F 3.536(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.536 F 1.035 +(guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F1(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.) +3.535 F 1.035(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.535 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.285 E .849 +(the search path for the directory containing)144 672 R F1(dir)3.349 E +F0 3.35(:e).73 G .85(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.35 E -.855 +(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .85(is searched for)3.1 F F1(dir)144 684 Q F0 +5.665(.A)C(lternati)-5.665 E .965 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 +(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 +.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .664 +(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 696 Q F3(CDP)4.162 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0 1.662(is the same as the current directory)3.912 F 4.162 +(,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E F2(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662(.I) +.74 G(f)-6.662 E F1(dir)4.513 E F0(be)4.893 E 1.663 +(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)144 708 Q -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F0 .347(is not used. The)2.598 F F2<ad50>2.847 E F0 .347 +(option causes)2.847 F F2(cd)2.847 E F0 .347(to use the ph)2.847 F .347 +(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 +(symbolic links while tra)144 720 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F1(dir) +3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F1(..)3.62 E F0 +(in)3.62 E F1(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F2<ad50>3.62 E F0 +(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(2)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .021(and th\ -e directory change is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 84 -R 2.522(ww)-.25 G .022(orking directory is writ-)-2.622 F .165 -(ten to the standard output.)144 96 R .165(The return v)5.165 F .165 -(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 F .165(as successfully changed; f) --.1 F(alse)-.1 E(otherwise.)144 108 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(command)108 -124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command) -2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 136.8 Q F2 -(command)2.956 E F0(with)3.527 E F2(ar)3.087 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .257 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .395 +(option to the)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu) +2.895 G .395(iltin command\); the).2 F F1<ad4c>2.895 E F0 .395 +(option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.895 F .395(wed by resolv-) +-.25 F .443(ing the link after processing instances of)144 96 R/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(..)2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F2(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C +(f)-5.443 E F2(..)2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F2(dir)2.943 E F0 +2.943(,i)C 2.943(ti)-2.943 G 2.944(sp)-2.943 G .444(rocessed by remo) +-2.944 F(ving)-.15 E .744(the immediately pre)144 108 R .744 +(vious pathname component from)-.25 F F2(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744 +(ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F2(dir)3.244 E +F0(.)A 1.465(If the)144 120 R F1<ad65>3.965 E F0 1.465 +(option is supplied with)3.965 F F1<ad50>3.965 E F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465 +(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.466 +(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .468 +(determined after a successful directory change,)144 132 R F1(cd)2.968 E +F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .467(On systems) +5.467 F .336(that support it, the)144 144 R F1<ad40>2.836 E F0 .336 +(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .337 +(utes associated with a \214le as a directory)-.2 F(.)-.65 E .71(An ar) +144 156 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F1<ad>3.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 +(before the directory change is attempted.)2.96 F .71(If a non-)5.71 F +.106(empty directory name from)144 168 R F3(CDP)2.606 E -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.356 F F1<ad>2.607 E F0 .107 +(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .107(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F +.038(is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 180 R 2.538(ww) +-.25 G .038(orking directory is written to the standard output.)-2.638 F +(The return v)144 192 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E +(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1(command)108 +208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 +(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 220.8 Q F2(command)2.956 E F0(with) +3.527 E F2(ar)3.087 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .257 (suppressing the normal shell function lookup. Only b)3.027 F .257 -(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 148.8 R/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502 -(option is gi)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2 -(command)3.201 E F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 160.8 R -.399(ault v)-.1 F .399(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 -.4(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F -(If)5.4 E .175(either the)144 172.8 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1 -<ad76>2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2 -(command)2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F1<ad76>2.674 E -F0 .174(option causes)2.674 F 3.11(as)144 184.8 S .61(ingle w)-3.11 F -.61(ord indicating the command or \214le name used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.41 E F0 .61(to be displayed; the)3.88 F -F1<ad56>144 196.8 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 +(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 232.8 R F3 +-.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002 +(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi)3.002 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E F0(is) +3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 244.8 R .399(ault v)-.1 F .399 +(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4 +(that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) +5.4 E .175(either the)144 256.8 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1<ad76> +2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2(command) +2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F1<ad76>2.674 E F0 .174 +(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 268.8 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F .817 +(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G +-.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.618 E F0 .818(to be displayed; the)4.088 F F1 +<ad56>144 280.8 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 (erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) 2.749 E F1<ad76>2.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 208.8 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 292.8 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1 (wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005 (If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F2 -(command)144.2 220.8 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 +(command)144.2 304.8 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 (xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 232.8 S +(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 316.8 S (iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F1 -(compgen)108 249.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 261.6 R +(compgen)108 333.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d) +-.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 345.6 R F2(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513 E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982 -(accepted by the)144 273.6 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(accepted by the)144 357.6 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 (iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F1<ad70>3.481 E F0(and) 3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 285.6 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F +-3.481 F 1.415(standard output.)144 369.6 R 1.415(When using the)6.415 F F1<ad46>3.915 E F0(or)3.915 E F1<ad43>3.915 E F0 1.415(options, the v) 3.915 F 1.415(arious shell v)-.25 F 1.415(ariables set by the pro-)-.25 -F(grammable completion f)144 297.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va) +F(grammable completion f)144 381.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va) -.2 G(ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.) --.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 321.6 R .352 +-.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 405.6 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144 -333.6 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) -2.52 F(those completions matching)144 345.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 369.6 Q +417.6 R(If)5.02 E F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) +2.52 F(those completions matching)144 429.6 Q F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 453.6 Q (alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G (lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F1 -(complete)108 386.4 Q F0([)3.729 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.729(][)C +(complete)108 470.4 Q F0([)3.729 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.729(][)C F1<ad6f>-3.729 E F2(comp-option)3.729 E F0 3.729(][)C F1(\255DE)-3.729 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad41>-3.728 E F2(action)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad47> -3.728 E F2(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad57>-3.728 E F2(wor)3.728 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad46>-3.728 E F2(func-)3.728 E(tion)108 -398.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 410.4 Q +482.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 494.4 Q F1<ad58>A F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad50>-2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E (e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(]) A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name ...)A F0(])A F1(complete \255pr)108 -422.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.634(Specify ho)144 434.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634 +506.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E +.634(Specify ho)144 518.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.134 G .634 (uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.134 E F0 .634(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.133 E F0 .633 (option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e)144 -446.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 +530.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F .14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.) -144 458.4 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve) +144 542.4 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2 (name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.346 -(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 470.4 R(The)6.347 E +(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 554.4 R(The)6.347 E F1<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options) -3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 482.4 R(`def)-.74 E +3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 566.4 R(`def)-.74 E (ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 -494.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 +578.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 (viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F1<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955 (option indicates that)3.455 F .065 -(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 506.4 R +(the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 590.4 R (`empty')-.74 E 2.564('c)-.74 G .064 (ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.564 F -(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 518.4 Q 1.437 +(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 602.4 Q 1.437 (The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -542.4 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 -554.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E +626.4 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 +638.4 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E (ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .556 -(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 578.4 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 +(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 662.4 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 (he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 (guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.055 E F0 3.055 (,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722(options \(and, if necessary) -144 590.4 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E +144 674.4 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E F1<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723 (options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion before the)144 602.4 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 614.4 Q -F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 626.4 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291 +(sion before the)144 686.4 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 698.4 Q +F2(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 710.4 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291 (controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec') .15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291 -(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 638.4 Q F2 -(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 650.4 Q F0 -.281(Perform the rest of the def)224 662.4 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E -F0 .281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 -674.4 Q F1(default)184 686.4 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')10 F 5.376(sd)-.55 -G(ef)-5.376 E 2.875 -(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.) -224 698.4 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(3)203.725 E 0 Cg -EP +(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 722.4 Q F2 +(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(3)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 4 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 (TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(dir)184 84 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name co\ -mpletion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 96 Q F1(\214lenames) -184 108 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 120 S .137(ll readline that the compspec genera\ -tes \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.637 -E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 132 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 -(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45 -(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 144 R .45 -(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 156 Q F1(nospace) -184 168 Q F0 -.7(Te)6.11 G .22 -(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1 F -.22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 180 Q F1(plusdirs) -184 192 Q F0 1.985(After an)5.54 F 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 -(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F -.584(completion is attempted and an)224 204 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 -(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 216 -Q F1<ad41>144 228 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 240 -Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(may be one of the follo)2.5 E +/Times-Bold@0 SF(bashdefault)184 84 Q F0 .281 +(Perform the rest of the def)224 96 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0 .281 +(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 108 Q F1 +(default)184 120 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')10 F 5.376(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.376 +E 2.875(ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F +(matches.)224 132 Q F1(dir)184 144 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory \ +name completion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 156 Q F1 +(\214lenames)184 168 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 180 S .137(ll readline that the co\ +mpspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 +G(le-)-2.637 E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 192 R 2.634 +(ea)-.1 G .134(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F +.45(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 204 R .45 +(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 216 Q F1(noquote) +184 228 Q F0 -.7(Te)5.55 G .814 +(ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F +3.314(ya)-.15 G .814(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F +(\214lenames is the def)224 240 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nospace)184 252 Q F0 +-.7(Te)6.11 G .22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22 +(ault\) to w)-.1 F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 +264 Q F1(plusdirs)184 276 Q F0 1.985(After an)5.54 F 4.485(ym)-.15 G +1.985(atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name) +-4.485 F .583(completion is attempted and an)224 288 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G +.584(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 +300 Q F1<ad41>144 312 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 +324 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(may be one of the follo)2.5 E (wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184 -252 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 264 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 276 Q -(ariable names.)-.25 E F1 4.7(binding Readline)184 288 R F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G -2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 300 S(iltin).2 E F0 +336 Q F0(Alias names.)20.55 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 348 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 360 Q +(ariable names.)-.25 E F1 4.7(binding Readline)184 372 R F0 -.1(ke)2.5 G +2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 384 S(iltin).2 E F0 (Names of shell b)11.85 E(uiltin commands.)-.2 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 312 -Q F0(Command names.)224 324 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 336 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 348 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 360 -Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 372 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 -384 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)6.66 E(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 -396 Q F0(Names of e)12.23 E(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 396 +Q F0(Command names.)224 408 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 420 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 432 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 444 +Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 456 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 +468 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)6.66 E(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 +480 Q F0(Names of e)12.23 E(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) -.25 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(\214le)184 -408 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(function)184 420 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 432 Q F1 -(gr)184 444 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)14.62 E +492 Q F0(File names.)27.22 E(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(function)184 504 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 516 Q F1 +(gr)184 528 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)14.62 E (May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad67>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(helptopic)184 -456 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 468 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 480 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 492 +540 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 552 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 564 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 576 Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 504 Q F0 +(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 588 Q F0 (Job names, if job control is acti)26.11 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G -(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 516 S -(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 528 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May) +(ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ke)184 600 S +(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Shell reserv)224 612 Q(ed w)-.15 E 2.5(ords. May) -.1 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(running)184 -540 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)5.54 E -.15(ve) --.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 552 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)10.67 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 564 Q +624 Q F0(Names of running jobs, if job control is acti)5.54 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G(.).15 E F1(ser)184 636 Q(vice)-.1 E F0(Service names.)10.67 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad73>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(setopt)184 648 Q F0 -1.11(Va)14.45 G(lid ar)1.11 E(guments for the)-.18 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 -(shopt)184 576 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1 -(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 588 Q F0 -(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 600 Q F0 +(shopt)184 660 Q F0(Shell option names as accepted by the)16.66 E F1 +(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(signal)184 672 Q F0 +(Signal names.)14.99 E F1(stopped)184 684 Q F0 (Names of stopped jobs, if job control is acti)6.66 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(.) -.15 E F1(user)184 612 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 624 S +.15 E F1(user)184 696 Q F0(User names.)21.67 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 708 S (riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)5.1 E 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F -(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad43>144 636 Q F2 -(command)2.5 E(command)184 648 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 -(vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) -184 660 Q F1<ad46>144 672 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 1.181 -(The shell function)184 684 R F2(function)3.681 E F0 1.181(is e)3.681 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.181(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 3.68 -(vironment. When)-.4 F 1.18(it \214n-)3.68 F .932 -(ishes, the possible completions are retrie)184 696 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.432(df).15 G .932(rom the v)-3.432 F .932(alue of the)-.25 F F3 -(COMPREPL)3.432 E(Y)-.828 E F0(array)3.182 E -.25(va)184 708 S(riable.) -.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(4)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(4)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 5 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 (TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad47>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(globpat)2.5 E F0 -1.008(The pathname e)184 96 R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat) -3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.007 -(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 108 Q F1 -<ad50>144 120 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 132 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 -.534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad43>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E +(command)184 96 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056 +(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 +(vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) +184 108 Q F1<ad46>144 120 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 .113 +(The shell function)184 132 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 +(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 144 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .817(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .817(gument \()-.18 F F1 +($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .816 +(he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 +(are being completed, the second ar)184 156 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 +($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 +(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 168 R .104 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.604(\)i)C 2.604(st)-2.604 G .104(he w) +-2.604 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .103 +(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 180 R +.101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the) +-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 192 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 +E(ariable.)-.25 E F1<ad47>144 204 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008 +(The pathname e)184 216 R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 +E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) +-.15 F(tions.)184 228 Q F1<ad50>144 240 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) +184 252 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 144 Q F1<ad53>144 156 Q F2(suf)2.5 E +-.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 264 Q F1<ad53>144 276 Q F2(suf)2.5 E 2.81(\214x suf)-.18 F<8c78>-.18 E F0 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 -E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 168 Q F2(wor)2.5 E -(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 180 Q F2(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 -(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS) -3.64 E F0 1.139(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F -2.007(each resultant w)184 192 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507 -(xpanded. The)-.15 F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the) -4.507 F(resultant list which match the w)184 204 Q(ord being completed.) --.1 E F1<ad58>144 216 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 228 Q F0 -.456(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 -F .455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 -(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 240 R 1.596 -(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 252 Q F2(\214lterpat) +E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 288 Q F2(wor)2.5 E +(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 300 Q F2(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 +(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139 +(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.007 +(each resultant w)184 312 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15 +F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)4.507 F +(resultant list which match the w)184 324 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E +F1<ad58>144 336 Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 348 Q F0 .456 +(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F +.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 +(completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 360 R 1.596 +(guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 372 Q F2(\214lterpat) 3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704 (rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 (in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704 -(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 264 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G +(tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 384 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 280.8 R .466 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 400.8 R .466 (alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 (lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0 (or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362 -(plied without a)144 292.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 +(plied without a)144 412.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 (gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 304.8 Q F0 +1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 424.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E -F1(compopt)108 321.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F1(compopt)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DE)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 333.6 R +(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 453.6 R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 .447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726 -(completion if no)144 345.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 +(completion if no)144 465.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 (re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725 -(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 357.6 Q F2(name) +(n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 477.6 Q F2(name) 3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v) 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 369.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) +F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 489.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) 2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) -5.297 E F1<ad44>2.797 E F0 .297 (option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F -1.227(the `)144 381.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ +1.227(the `)144 501.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \ -no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 393.6 R 2.178 +no)-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 513.6 R 2.178 (viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F1<ad45>4.678 E F0 2.177 (option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `) -144 405.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G +144 525.6 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5 -E 1.387(The return v)144 429.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F +E 1.387(The return v)144 549.6 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.388 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F -(options for a)144 441.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(options for a)144 561.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 (for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E -(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 458.4 Q F0([) -2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 470.4 R 1.754 +(xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 578.4 Q F0([) +2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 590.4 R 1.754 (xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1 (select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.613 E F0 1.753 -(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 482.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 +(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 602.4 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F4 10 /Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 (is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 -(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 494.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 +(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 614.4 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513 (The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is) -3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 506.4 Q F1(declar)108 523.2 -Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1 -(typeset)108 535.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 626.4 Q F1(declar)108 643.2 +Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1 +(typeset)108 655.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 <ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 547.2 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F +(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 667.2 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) 3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F --.25(va)144 559.2 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983 +-.25(va)144 679.2 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983 (option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982 (alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1 -<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 571.2 Q F2(name)3.579 E -F0(ar)3.579 E 1.079(guments, additional options are ignored.)-.18 F -(When)6.079 E F1<ad70>3.579 E F0 1.079(is supplied without)3.579 F F2 -(name)3.58 E F0(ar)3.58 E(gu-)-.18 E .151 -(ments, it will display the attrib)144 583.2 R .151(utes and v)-.2 F -.151(alues of all v)-.25 F .15(ariables ha)-.25 F .15(ving the attrib) --.2 F .15(utes speci\214ed by the)-.2 F .046(additional options.)144 -595.2 R .046(If no other options are supplied with)5.046 F F1<ad70>2.547 -E F0(,)A F1(declar)2.547 E(e)-.18 E F0 .047(will display the attrib) -2.547 F .047(utes and)-.2 F -.25(va)144 607.2 S 1.363 -(lues of all shell v).25 F 3.863(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.863 E F0 -1.362(option will restrict the display to shell functions.)3.863 F(The) -6.362 E F1<ad46>3.862 E F0 2.422(option inhibits the display of functio\ -n de\214nitions; only the function name and attrib)144 619.2 R 2.423 -(utes are)-.2 F 2.664(printed. If)144 631.2 R(the)2.664 E F1(extdeb) -2.664 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .164(shell option is enabled using)2.664 F F1(shopt) -2.664 E F0 2.664(,t)C .163(he source \214le name and line number)-2.664 -F 1.288(where the function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 643.2 -R(The)6.288 E F1<ad46>3.788 E F0 1.288(option implies)3.788 F F1<ad66> -3.788 E F0 6.288(.T)C(he)-6.288 E F1<ad67>3.789 E F0(option)3.789 E .491 -(forces v)144 655.2 R .491 -(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.99(nw).15 G(hen)-2.99 E F1(declar)2.99 E(e)-.18 E F0 .49 -(is e)2.99 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .49(cuted in a).15 F .124(shell function.) -144 667.2 R .124(It is ignored in all other cases.)5.124 F .125 -(The follo)5.125 F .125(wing options can be used to restrict output)-.25 -F(to v)144 679.2 Q(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 E -(ute or to gi)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables attrib)-.1 E(utes:)-.2 -E F1<ad61>144 691.2 Q F0(Each)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E --.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1 -(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad41>144 703.2 Q -F0(Each)23.08 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 -H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad66>144 715.2 Q F0(Use function names only) -26.97 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(5)203.725 E -0 Cg EP +<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 691.2 Q F2(name)2.774 E +F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 +<ad66>2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F1<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275 +(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F1<ad70>2.775 E F0 .275(is supplied) +2.775 F(without)144 703.2 Q F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314 +(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313 +(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F +(attrib)144 715.2 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) +-.2 F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F1<ad70>3.682 +E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 +727.2 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12 +(ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.12 E F0 .62 +(option will restrict the display)3.12 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(5)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 6 6 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad69>144 84 Q F0 .558(The v)27.52 F .558 -(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .557 -(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 96 Q F0(abo)2.25 -E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v)-2.5 E -(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 108 Q F0 .909 -(When the v)27.52 F .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 -(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 120 R(upper) -2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad72>144 132 Q F0 -(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C -(eadonly)-5.047 E 7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546 -(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F 2.546 -(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 144 Q F1 -<ad74>144 156 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F3(name) -2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F3(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E 2.929 -(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 E(UG) --.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0(traps from the calling shell.) -180 168 Q(The trace attrib)5 E(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E -(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 180 Q F0 .91(When the v)24.74 F .909 -(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909 -(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F -(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 192 R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E -(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>144 204 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F3(name)2.5 E -F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E -(vironment.)-.4 E .12(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 220.8 R -2.62(ft)-.25 G .12(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F -.121(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F -.645(to destro)144 232.8 R 3.145(ya)-.1 G 3.145(na)-3.145 G .645(rray v) +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 1.29 +(to shell functions.)144 84 R(The)6.29 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad46>3.79 +E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display of function de\214nitions; only \ +the function)3.791 F .948(name and attrib)144 96 R .948 +(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the)5.948 F F1(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E +F0 .948(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448 +(,t)C .948(he source)-3.448 F 1.342(\214le name and line number where t\ +he function is de\214ned are displayed as well.)144 108 R(The)6.342 E F1 +<ad46>3.842 E F0(option)3.842 E(implies)144 120 Q F1<ad66>3.892 E F0 +6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F1<ad67>3.892 E F0 1.391(option forces v)3.892 F +1.391(ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 132 Q F1(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 +1.882(is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F +1.883(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.882 F 1.883(The follo)6.883 F +(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 144 R +.794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 F +1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 156 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1 +<ad61>144 168 Q F0(Each)25.3 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0 +(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E +(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1<ad41>144 180 Q F0(Each)23.08 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see) +-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad66>144 +192 Q F0(Use function names only)26.97 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad69>144 204 Q F0 +.557(The v)27.52 F .558(ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558 +(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF .558(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION) +180 216 Q F0(abo)2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G +(erformed when the v)-2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E +F1<ad6c>144 228 Q F0 .91(When the v)27.52 F .909 +(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all upper)-.25 F .909 +(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer) +-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 240 R(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E +(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 252 Q F0(Gi)24.74 E 1.619 -.15(ve e) +-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0(the)3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 +E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319(ute, making it a name reference to another v) +-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E 1.033(That other v)180 264 R 1.033 +(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F 1.033(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)3.533 +E F0 6.033(.A)C 1.033(ll references and assignments to)-6.033 F F2(name) +180 276 Q F0 4.032(,e)C 1.532(xcept for changing the)-4.182 F F1<ad6e> +4.032 E F0(attrib)4.032 E 1.532(ute itself, are performed on the v)-.2 F +1.533(ariable refer)-.25 F(-)-.2 E(enced by)180 288 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 +1.1 -.55('s v)D 2.5(alue. The).3 F F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(attrib)2.5 E +(ute cannot be applied to array v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad72>144 300 +Q F0(Mak)25.86 E(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E +7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F +2.546(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 312 +Q F1<ad74>144 324 Q F0(Gi)26.97 E .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2 +(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib)2.929 E +2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1(DEB)2.929 +E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0 +(traps from the calling shell.)180 336 Q(The trace attrib)5 E +(ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 348 +Q F0 .91(When the v)24.74 F .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 360 R(lo) +2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78>144 +372 Q F0(Mark)25.3 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E +(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .12 +(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 388.8 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12 +(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .121 +(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F +.645(to destro)144 400.8 R 3.145(ya)-.1 G 3.145(na)-3.145 G .645(rray v) -3.145 F .645(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) 3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.144 -(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F .53(tion, mak)144 244.8 R -.53(es each)-.1 F F3(name)3.03 E F0 .53(local, as with the)3.03 F F1 -(local)3.031 E F0 .531(command, unless the)3.031 F F1 .531 -(\255gP option is supplied, If a)3.031 F -.1(va)144 256.8 S 1.558 -(riable name is f).1 F(ollo)-.25 E 1.558(wed by =)-.1 F F3(value)A F1 -4.058(,t)C 1.558(he v)-4.058 F 1.557(alue of the v)-.1 F 1.557 -(ariable is set to)-.1 F F3(value)4.057 E F1 6.557(.T)C 1.557(he r) --6.557 F(etur)-.18 E(n)-.15 E -.1(va)144 268.8 S 1.168 -(lue is 0 unless an in).1 F -.1(va)-.4 G 1.168(lid option is encounter) -.1 F 1.168(ed, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function)-.18 F(using) -144 280.8 Q/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .312(\255f foo=bar)2.812 F F1 2.812(,a)C -2.812(na)-2.812 G .312(ttempt is made to assign a v)-2.812 F .312 -(alue to a r)-.1 F .312(eadonly v)-.18 F .311(ariable, an attempt)-.1 F -.615(is made to assign a v)144 292.8 R .615(alue to an array v)-.1 F -.616(ariable without using the compound assignment syn-)-.1 F .26 -(tax \(see Arrays)144 304.8 R F0(abo)2.76 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(\), one of the).15 F F3(names)2.76 E F0 .259(is not a v)2.76 F .259 -(alid shell v)-.25 F .259(ariable name, an attempt is made to)-.25 F -.703(turn of)144 316.8 R 3.203(fr)-.25 G .704 -(eadonly status for a readonly v)-3.203 F .704 -(ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 3.204(fa)-.25 G .704 -(rray status for an)-3.204 F(array v)144 328.8 Q -(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a non-e)-.25 E -(xistent function with)-.15 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(dirs [+)108 345.6 -Q F3(n)A F1 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F3(n)A F1 2.5(][)C(\255clpv])-2.5 E F0 --.4(Wi)144 357.6 S .329 +(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F(tion,)144 412.8 Q F1 +(declar)2.835 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)2.835 E F1(typeset)2.835 E F0(mak)2.835 +E 2.835(ee)-.1 G(ach)-2.835 E F2(name)2.835 E F0 .335 +(local, as with the)2.835 F F1(local)2.835 E F0 .335 +(command, unless the)2.835 F F1<ad67>2.835 E F0(option)2.835 E 1.283 +(is supplied.)144 424.8 R 1.283(If a v)6.283 F 1.283 +(ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.283(wed by =)-.25 F F2(value)A F0 3.783 +(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.282 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(value)3.782 E F0(.)A .926(When using)144 +436.8 R F1<ad61>3.426 E F0(or)3.426 E F1<ad41>3.426 E F0 .927 +(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.426 F .927 +(ariables, additional)-.25 F(attrib)144 448.8 Q .592(utes do not tak)-.2 +F 3.092(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.092 G .592 +(ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .592(The return v)5.592 F .592 +(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .429 +(option is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using) +144 460.8 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .429(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.929(,a)C +2.929(na)-2.929 G .429(ttempt is)-2.929 F .063(made to assign a v)144 +472.8 R .063(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .062 +(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .062 +(alue to an array v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .102 +(able without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 484.8 R F1 +(Arrays)2.602 E F0(abo)2.602 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .102(\), one of the).15 F +F2(names)2.602 E F0 .102(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 496.8 S .172 +(lid shell v).25 F .171(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 +F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .171 +(ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 508.8 R 3.46(fa) +-.25 G .96(rray status for an array v)-3.46 F .96 +(ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 520.8 Q +(xistent function with)-.15 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 537.6 Q F2(n)A F1 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1 +(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 549.6 S .329 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) .4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 -(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 369.6 R 1.238 -(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 381.6 Q +(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 561.6 R 1.238 +(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 573.6 Q F0(command; the)2.5 E F1(popd)2.5 E F0(command remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E F1(+)144 393.6 Q F3(n)A F0 -1.565(Displays the)25.3 F F3(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 +2.5(se).15 G(ntries from the list.)-2.5 E F1<ad63>144 585.6 Q F0 +(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E F1 +<ad6c>144 597.6 Q F0 .882 +(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)27.52 F .881 +(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180 +609.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 621.6 Q F0 +(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)24.74 E F1<ad76>144 +633.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre\ +\214xing each entry with its inde)25.3 F 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773(nt)-2.773 +G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 645.6 Q F1(+)144 657.6 Q F2(n)A F0 1.565 +(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 (th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1 (dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 405.6 Q F1<ad>144 417.6 Q F3 -(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)25.3 F F3(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 +(without options, starting with zero.)180 669.6 Q F1<ad>144 681.6 Q F2 +(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)25.3 F F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 (th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 429.6 Q F1<ad63>144 441.6 Q F0 -(Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)25.86 E F1 -<ad6c>144 453.6 Q F0 .324(Produces a longer listing; the def)27.52 F -.324(ault listing format uses a tilde to denote the home direc-)-.1 F -(tory)180 465.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 477.6 Q F0 -(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)24.74 E F1<ad76>144 -489.6 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pre\ -\214xing each entry with its inde)25.3 F 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773(nt)-2.773 -G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 501.6 Q .258(The return v)144 518.4 R .258 -(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 -(lid option is supplied or).25 F F3(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) +(without options, starting with zero.)180 693.6 Q .258(The return v)144 +710.4 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 +(lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) -.15 F(tory stack.)144 530.4 Q F1(diso)108 547.2 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 559.2 S .295(thout options, each).4 F F3(jobspec) -4.535 E F0 .295(is remo)3.105 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.795(df).15 G .295 -(rom the table of acti)-2.795 F .595 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.795(obs. If).15 -F F3(jobspec)4.535 E F0 .295(is not present,)3.105 F .423(and neither) -144 571.2 R F1<ad61>2.923 E F0(nor)2.923 E F1<ad72>2.923 E F0 .423 -(is supplied, the shell')2.923 F 2.923(sn)-.55 G .423(otion of the) --2.923 F F3(curr)2.922 E .422(ent job)-.37 F F0 .422(is used.)2.922 F -.422(If the)5.422 F F1<ad68>2.922 E F0 .422(option is)2.922 F(gi)144 -583.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .14(n, each).15 F F3(jobspec)4.38 E F0 .14 -(is not remo)2.95 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.641(df).15 G .141(rom the table, b) --2.641 F .141(ut is mark)-.2 F .141(ed so that)-.1 F F2(SIGHUP)2.641 E -F0 .141(is not sent to the)2.391 F .005(job if the shell recei)144 595.2 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.504(sa).15 G F2(SIGHUP)A/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 -.004(If no)4.504 F F3(jobspec)4.244 E F0 .004 -(is present, and neither the)2.814 F F1<ad61>2.504 E F0 .004(nor the) -2.504 F F1<ad72>2.504 E F0 .004(option is)2.504 F 1.228(supplied, the) -144 607.2 R F3(curr)3.728 E 1.228(ent job)-.37 F F0 1.229(is used.)3.729 -F 1.229(If no)6.229 F F3(jobspec)5.469 E F0 1.229(is supplied, the)4.039 -F F1<ad61>3.729 E F0 1.229(option means to remo)3.729 F 1.529 -.15(ve o) --.15 H(r).15 E .657(mark all jobs; the)144 619.2 R F1<ad72>3.157 E F0 -.657(option without a)3.157 F F3(jobspec)4.897 E F0(ar)3.467 E .656 -(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F(The)5.656 E -(return v)144 631.2 Q(alue is 0 unless a)-.25 E F3(jobspec)4.24 E F0 -(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E F1(echo)108 648 Q -F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.394(Output the)144 660 R F3(ar)2.894 E(g)-.37 E F0 .394 -(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .395(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.895 -(wline. The)-.25 F .395(return status is al)2.895 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .395 -(ys 0.).1 F(If)5.395 E F1<ad6e>2.895 E F0 .549 -(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)144 672 R .548(wline is suppressed.) --.25 F .548(If the)5.548 F F1<ad65>3.048 E F0 .548(option is gi)3.048 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .548(n, interpretation of the fol-).15 F(lo)144 684 Q -.052(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The)5.052 E F1 -<ad45>2.552 E F0 .053(option disables the interpretation of these)2.553 -F 1.503(escape characters, e)144 696 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.003(no).15 G -4.003(ns)-4.003 G 1.502(ystems where the)-4.003 F 4.002(ya)-.15 G 1.502 -(re interpreted by def)-4.002 F 4.002(ault. The)-.1 F F1(xpg_echo)4.002 -E F0(shell)4.002 E .009 -(option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)144 708 R F1 -(echo)2.509 E F0 -.15(ex)2.51 G .01(pands these escape characters).15 F -.66(by def)144 720 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.66 E F0 .66 -(does not interpret)3.16 F F1<adad>3.16 E F0 .659 -(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.659 E F0 .659 -(interprets the follo)3.159 F(wing)-.25 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(6)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +.15 F(tory stack.)144 722.4 Q(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 +E(6)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 7 7 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -(escape sequences:)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\\a)144 96 Q F0 -(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 108 Q F0(backspace)27.66 E F1(\\c)144 -120 Q F0(suppress further output)28.78 E F1(\\e)144 132 Q(\\E)144 144 Q -F0(an escape character)26.55 E F1(\\f)144 156 Q F0(form feed)29.89 E F1 -(\\n)144 168 Q F0(ne)27.66 E 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 180 Q -F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 192 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F1 -(\\v)144 204 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 216 Q F0 -(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\0)144 228 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0 -(the eight-bit character whose v)13.22 E(alue is the octal v)-.25 E -(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1 -(\\x)144 240 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E -(alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0 -(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1 -(\\u)144 252 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.506 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 264 R 1.507 -(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) -4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 276 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 -(\\U)144 288 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 300 R .547 -(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) -3.047 E(HHH)180 312 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\)) --2.5 E F1(enable)108 328.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 340.8 R +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(diso)108 84 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255ar)A F0 2.5 +(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)-2.5 E +F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 96 S .121(thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15 +(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122 +(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.622(obs. If).15 +F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 F .096 +(neither the)144 108 R F1<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F F1<ad72> +2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E .096 +(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1<ad68> +2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each).15 F +F2(jobspec)144 120 Q F0 .672(is not remo)3.482 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.172 +(df).15 G .672(rom the table, b)-3.172 F .672(ut is mark)-.2 F .672 +(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.172 E F0 .673 +(is not sent to the job if the)2.922 F .962(shell recei)144 132 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F3(SIGHUP)A/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 +(If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1 +<ad61>3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15 +H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 144 R F1 +<ad72>3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0 +(ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F +1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 156 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 +(jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E +F1(echo)108 172.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) +-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 184.8 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924 +(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307 +(error occurs.)144 196.8 R(If)5.307 E F1<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307 +(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 +F .308(If the)5.308 F F1<ad65>2.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.349(pretation of the follo)144 +208.8 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) +6.348 E F1<ad45>3.848 E F0 1.348(option disables the)3.848 F 1.054 +(interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 220.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.555 +(ya)-.15 G 1.055(re interpreted by def)-3.555 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 +232.8 Q F1(xpg_echo)3.459 E F0 .959 +(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.459 +F F1(echo)3.458 E F0 -.15(ex)3.458 G(pands).15 E .715 +(these escape characters by def)144 244.8 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.715 E +F0 .716(does not interpret)3.215 F F1<adad>3.216 E F0 .716 +(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F1(echo)5.716 E F0 +(interprets the follo)144 256.8 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a) +144 268.8 Q F0(alert \(bell\))28.22 E F1(\\b)144 280.8 Q F0(backspace) +27.66 E F1(\\c)144 292.8 Q F0(suppress further output)28.78 E F1(\\e)144 +304.8 Q(\\E)144 316.8 Q F0(an escape character)26.55 E F1(\\f)144 328.8 +Q F0(form feed)29.89 E F1(\\n)144 340.8 Q F0(ne)27.66 E 2.5(wl)-.25 G +(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 352.8 Q F0(carriage return)28.78 E F1(\\t)144 +364.8 Q F0(horizontal tab)29.89 E F1(\\v)144 376.8 Q F0 -.15(ve)28.22 G +(rtical tab).15 E F1(\\\\)144 388.8 Q F0(backslash)30.44 E F1(\\0)144 +400.8 Q F2(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)13.22 E +(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0 +(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1(\\x)144 412.8 Q F2(HH)A F0 +(the eight-bit character whose v)13.78 E(alue is the he)-.25 E +(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0(\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh) +-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1(\\u)144 424.8 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 +1.507(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 436.8 R 1.506 +(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) +4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 448.8 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 +(\\U)144 460.8 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 472.8 R .547 +(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) +3.048 E(HHH)180 484.8 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G +(igits\))-2.5 E F1(enable)108 501.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C +F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 513.6 R .278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278 -(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834 -(the same name as a shell b)144 352.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 +(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833 +(the same name as a shell b)144 525.6 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989 -(the shell normally searches for b)144 364.8 R .989 -(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .99 -(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F 1.582 -(abled; otherwise,)144 376.8 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) +(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99 +(the shell normally searches for b)144 537.6 R .989 +(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .989 +(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F 1.581 +(abled; otherwise,)144 549.6 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) 4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F -F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.666(PA)4.081 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .08(instead of the shell b)144 388.8 R -.08(uiltin v)-.2 F .08(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .081 -(enable -n test)2.58 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.581 E F0 .081 -(option means to load the ne)2.581 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 400.8 S 1.525 -(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.385 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F +F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F F3 -.666(PA)4.082 +G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 561.6 R .081(uiltin v) +-.2 F .081(ersion, run)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .081(enable -n test) +2.581 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.58 E F0 .08 +(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 573.6 S 1.524 +(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524 -(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 412.8 Q F1<ad64> -2.866 E F0 .366(option will delete a b)2.866 F .366(uiltin pre)-.2 F -.366(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.867 E F0 5.367(.I)C 2.867(fn) --5.367 G(o)-2.867 E F2(name)2.867 E F0(ar)2.867 E .367(guments are gi) --.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144 424.8 R F1<ad70> -2.899 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 +(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 585.6 Q F1<ad64> +2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F +.367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn) +-5.366 G(o)-2.866 E F2(name)2.866 E F0(ar)2.866 E .366(guments are gi) +-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 597.6 R F1<ad70> +2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 (uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4 -F .398(guments, the)-.18 F .098(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 -436.8 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098 -(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .099(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F -(If)5.099 E F1<ad61>2.599 E F0 1.917 -(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 448.8 R 1.916 -(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.878 -(enabled. If)144 460.8 R F1<ad73>2.878 E F0 .379 -(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.878 F F2(special) -2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.879 G 2.879(iltins. The).2 F .379(return v)2.879 F -(alue)-.25 E .995(is 0 unless a)144 472.8 R F2(name)3.855 E F0 .994 -(is not a shell b)3.675 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) --.2 F 3.494(wb)-.25 G .994(uiltin from a shared)-3.694 F(object.)144 -484.8 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 501.6 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 -E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 513.6 Q F2(ar)3.17 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671 -(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671 -(This command is then read)5.671 F .495(and e)144 525.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 +F .399(guments, the)-.18 F .099(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 +609.6 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098 +(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .098(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F +(If)5.098 E F1<ad61>2.598 E F0 1.916 +(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 621.6 R 1.916 +(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879 +(enabled. If)144 633.6 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379 +(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.879 F F2(special) +2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F +(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 645.6 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994 +(is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) +-.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(object.)144 +657.6 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 674.4 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 +E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 686.4 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C +.671(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F +.67(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 698.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 +G .495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 (xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 (ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no) --2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 537.6 Q -(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1 -(exec)108 554.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2 -(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments) --.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 566.4 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305 -(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 -(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E -(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 578.4 R .177 -(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G -(he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176 -(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176 -(ginning of)-.15 F .499(the zeroth ar)144 590.4 R .499(gument passed to) --.18 F F2(command)2.999 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2 -(lo)2.999 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.5 E F1<ad63>3 E F0 -.5(option causes)3 F F2(com-)3.2 E(mand)144 602.4 Q F0 .639(to be e) -3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 -(vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638 -(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the) -3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 614.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 -1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a) -.15 F(non-interacti)144 626.4 Q .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .318(hell e).15 F -.318(xits, unless the shell option)-.15 F F1(execfail)2.817 E F0 .317 -(is enabled, in which case it returns f)2.817 F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505 -(ure. An)144 638.4 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .005 -(hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005 -(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 650.4 Q 3.037(yr)-.15 G .537 -(edirections tak)-3.037 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536 -(ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536 -(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 662.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G -(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 679.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -6.29(]C)C .095(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .095(xit with a status of) --.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096 -(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command) --.15 F -.15(exe)144 691.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5 -E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(7)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +-2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 710.4 Q +(guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E +(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(7)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 8 8 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 (TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(export)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 -(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 96 Q F0 .257(The supplied)144 108 R F2 -(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F +/Times-Bold@0 SF(exec)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +<ad61>-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command) +-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 96 Q F2(command) +3.006 E F0 .306(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305 +(No ne)5.305 F 2.805(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The) +5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 +108 R .176(guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft) +-5.176 G(he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176 +(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177 +(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 120 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 F +F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999 E +(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F1<ad63>2.999 E F0 .499 +(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 132 Q F0 .638(to be e) +3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 +(vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638 +(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the) +3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 144 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 1.077 +(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a).15 F +(non-interacti)144 156 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F .576 +(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577 +(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .577(In that case, it returns f)5.577 +F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505(ure. An)144 168 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s) +-.25 H .005(hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e) +-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005 +(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 180 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536 +(edirections tak)-3.036 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536 +(ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536 +(If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 192 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G +(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +6.29(]C)C .096(ause the shell to e)-6.29 F .096(xit with a status of) +-.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095 +(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command) +-.15 F -.15(exe)144 220.8 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E +F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 249.6 Q F0 .256(The supplied)144 261.6 R +F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626(commands. If)144 120 R(the)2.626 E F1<ad66> -2.626 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2 -(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2 -(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, or if the) -.15 F F1<ad70>144 132 Q F0 .66 -(option is supplied, a list of all names that are e)3.16 F .659 -(xported in this shell is printed.)-.15 F(The)5.659 E F1<ad6e>3.159 E F0 -(option)3.159 E 1.586(causes the e)144 144 R 1.586 -(xport property to be remo)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.086(df).15 G 1.586 -(rom each)-4.086 F F2(name)4.086 E F0 6.586(.I)C 4.086(fav)-6.586 G -1.587(ariable name is follo)-4.336 F 1.587(wed by)-.25 F(=)144 156 Q F2 -(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.804(,t)C .304(he v)-2.804 F .304(alue of the v)-.25 -F .304(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)2.804 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 -(export)5.304 E F0 .304(returns an e)2.804 F .303 -(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .293 -(option is encountered, one of the)144 168 R F2(names)2.793 E F0 .293 -(is not a v)2.793 F .293(alid shell v)-.25 F .293(ariable name, or)-.25 -F F1<ad66>2.793 E F0 .294(is supplied with a)2.793 F F2(name)144.36 180 -Q F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1(fc)108 196.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627(commands. If)144 273.6 R(the)2.627 E F1 +<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127(option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the) +.15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no) +5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126 +(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>144 285.6 Q F0 .048 +(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F .048(xported v) +-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1<ad6e>2.548 E F0 +.048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 297.6 S 1.447 +(port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447 +(rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G +1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d) +-.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 309.6 S .741(lue of the v) +.25 F .741(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.241 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 +(export)5.741 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .742 +(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .742(lid option is) +.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 321.6 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032 +(is not a v)2.532 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 +F F1<ad66>2.531 E F0 .031(is supplied with a)2.531 F F2(name)2.891 E F0 +(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 333.6 Q F1(fc)108 350.4 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 <8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108 -208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .478(Fix Command.)144 220.8 R .478 -(In the \214rst form, a range of commands from)5.478 F F2<8c72>4.888 E -(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.658 E F2(last)3.068 E F0 .477 -(is selected from the his-)3.658 F .881(tory list.)144 232.8 R F2 -.45 -(Fi)5.881 G -.1(rs).45 G(t).1 E F0(and)4.061 E F2(last)3.471 E F0 .882 -(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command be)4.062 F -.882(ginning with)-.15 F .797(that string\) or as a number \(an inde)144 -244.8 R 3.297(xi)-.15 G .797(nto the history list, where a ne)-3.297 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.097 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .796(umber is used as an) -.15 F(of)144 256.8 Q .276(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F -(If)5.276 E F2(last)2.866 E F0 .277 -(is not speci\214ed it is set to the current command)3.456 F .093 -(for listing \(so that)144 268.8 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .092 -(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .092(prints the last 10 commands\) and to) -2.592 F F2<8c72>4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.592(otherwise. If)3.272 F F2<8c72> -4.502 E(st)-.1 E F0 .092(is not)3.272 F -(speci\214ed it is set to the pre)144 280.8 Q -(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 304.8 +362.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .431 +(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 374.4 R F2<8c72> +4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .432 +(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .142(edits and re-e)144 +386.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) +.45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141 +(may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be) +144 398.4 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 +F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .315 +(is used as an of)144 410.4 R .315 +(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F(If)5.315 E F2(last)2.904 +E F0 .314(is not speci\214ed it is set to the cur)3.494 F(-)-.2 E .948 +(rent command for listing \(so that)144 422.4 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .948 +(fc \255l \25510)3.448 F F0 .948(prints the last 10 commands\) and to) +3.448 F F2<8c72>5.359 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.129 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) +144 434.4 R F2<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E F0 +(is not speci\214ed it is set to the pre)3.18 E +(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 458.4 Q F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022 (option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E F1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 -(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 316.8 R .438(If the) +(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 470.4 R .438(If the) 5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E -.334(the editor gi)144 328.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E -F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 +.335(the editor gi)144 482.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E +F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835 (do).1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 -F(If)5.335 E F2(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 340.8 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631 -(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR) --.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63(is not set.)2.88 F .63 -(If nei-)5.63 F 1.884(ther v)144 352.8 R 1.884(ariable is set, is used.) --.25 F 1.884 -(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)6.884 F --.15(exe)144 364.8 S(cuted.).15 E .04(In the second form,)144 388.8 R F2 -(command)2.54 E F0 .04(is re-e)2.54 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .039 -(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)2.539 E F0 .039 -(is replaced by)2.539 F F2 -.37(re)2.539 G(p).37 E F0 5.039(.A)C(useful) --2.5 E .406(alias to use with this is)144 400.8 R F3 .406(r='fc \255s') -2.906 F F0 2.906(,s)C 2.906(ot)-2.906 G .406(hat typing)-2.906 F F3 -6.406(rc)2.906 G(c)-6.406 E F0 .406(runs the last command be)2.906 F -.407(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)144 412.8 Q F0(and typing)2.5 E F3(r)2.5 -E F0(re-e)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes the last command.).15 E .142 -(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 436.8 R .142 -(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 +F(If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 494.4 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)3.13 E +F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 +F F3(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F3(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631 +(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 506.4 R .951 +(ariable is set,)-.25 F F2(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 F .95 +(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F +-.15(exe)144 518.4 S(cuted.).15 E .788(In the second form,)144 542.4 R +F2(command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 +(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.789 +E(mand)144 554.4 Q F0 .347(is intepreted the same as)2.847 F F2<8c72> +2.847 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.847 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.347(.A).15 G .347 +(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F4 .346(r='fc \255s')2.847 F F0 +2.846(,s)C 2.846(ot)-2.846 G(hat)-2.846 E(typing)144 566.4 Q F4 7.165 +(rc)3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166 +(ginning with)-.15 F F4(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F4(r) +3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F +(mand.)144 578.4 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 +602.4 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 (lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 -E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 448.8 +E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 614.4 R .454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454 (option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455 -(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 460.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 (cuted or f).15 F .787 (ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F .787(If the)5.787 F 1.135 (second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144 -472.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 -(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 484.8 Q +638.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 +(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 650.4 Q (alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F1(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E -(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 501.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) -144 513.6 Q F2(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 +(ailure.)-.1 E F1(fg)108 667.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) +144 679.2 Q F2(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 (ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413 (he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 -1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 525.6 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G +1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 691.2 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G .616(otion of the)-3.116 F F2(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 (is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617 -(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 537.6 Q +(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 703.2 Q .363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363 (ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362 -(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 549.6 Q +(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 715.2 Q F0 .004(does not specify a v)2.814 F .004(alid job or)-.25 F F2(jobspec) 4.244 E F0 .004(speci\214es a job that w)2.814 F .004 -(as started without job control.)-.1 F F1(getopts)108 566.4 Q F2 +(as started without job control.)-.1 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q +(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(8)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 9 9 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF (optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(gs)-.37 E F0(])A F1(getopts)144 -578.4 Q F0 .793 +96 Q F0 .793 (is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F2 (optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149 -(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 590.4 R .15 +(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 108 R .15 (wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45 --.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 602.4 Q .579 +-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 120 Q .579 (gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578 (The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665 -(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 614.4 R 1.665 +(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 132 R 1.665 (Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F1(getopts) 4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .797 -(option in the shell v)144 626.4 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.297 E F0 -3.297(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797 -(if it does not e)3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G -3.296(ft)-3.296 G .796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 638.4 Q .085 -(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTIND)2.585 -E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND)4.585 E F0 .085 -(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846 -(or a shell script is in)144 650.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 +(option in the shell v)144 144 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)3.297 E F0 3.297 +(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F2(name)3.657 E F0 .797(if it does not e) +3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G 3.296(ft)-3.296 G +.796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 156 Q .085 +(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F3(OPTIND) +4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846 +(or a shell script is in)144 168 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 (d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F1 (getopts)3.345 E F0 .845(places that ar)3.345 F(gument)-.18 E .803 -(into the v)144 662.4 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.303 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A -F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.303 F F4(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .804 +(into the v)144 180 R(ariable)-.25 E F3(OPT)3.303 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0 +.803(The shell does not reset)5.303 F F3(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .804 (automatically; it must be manually)3.054 F .294 -(reset between multiple calls to)144 674.4 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 +(reset between multiple calls to)144 192 R F1(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 (within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F -2.793(ws)-.25 G .293(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 686.4 -Q 2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 710.4 R F1(getopts) -4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044 -(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F4(OPTIND)144 722.4 Q F0 +2.793(ws)-.25 G .293(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 204 Q +2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 228 R F1(getopts)4.543 +E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044 +(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F3(OPTIND)144 240 Q F0 (is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G (he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 -(is set to ?.)2.5 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(8) -203.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 9 9 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)144 84 Q F0 2.393 +(is set to ?.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 264 Q F0 2.393 (normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392 (ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892 -(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,) -.27 E F1(getopts)144 96 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 -120 Q F0 1.165(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665 -(ays. If)-3.765 F 1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring) -3.895 E F0 1.166(is a colon,)3.886 F F2(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E -1.264(reporting is used.)144 132 R 1.263 -(In normal operation diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.263 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.263(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 144 -R .393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable) --.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 -(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 156 Q --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E -F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .667(If an in)144 180 R --.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,).25 F F1(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667 -(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E F0 .666 -(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399(and unsets)144 -192 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If)4.899 E -F1(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399 +(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E F2(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F1(getopts)144 +276 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F1(getopts)144 300 Q F0 1.165 +(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F +1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F2(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.166 +(is a colon,)3.886 F F2(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E 1.071 +(reporting is used.)144 312 R 1.071 +(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.071 F +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.07(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 324 R +.393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable)-.25 +E F3(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F +(will be displayed, e)144 336 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 +G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.) +2.72 E .667(If an in)144 360 R -.25(va)-.4 G .667(lid option is seen,) +.25 F F1(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E +F0 .666(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399 +(and unsets)144 372 R F3(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F4(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F1 +(getopts)2.899 E F0 .399 (is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F3(OPT)2.899 -E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 204 -Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 228 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F +E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F(diagnostic message is printed.)144 384 +Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 408 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F1(getopts)3.741 E F0 1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F1 (?).833 E F0 3.741(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F -F2(name)144 240 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.734 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 +F2(name)144 420 Q F0(,).18 E F3(OPT)2.734 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 (is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.484 F(If)5.234 E F1 (getopts)2.734 E F0 .235(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F1(:).833 E -F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 252 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3(OPT) +F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 432 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F3(OPT) 2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F1 -(getopts)144 276 Q F0 .902 +(getopts)144 456 Q F0 .902 (returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.) 3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F -(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 288 Q F1(hash)108 304.8 +(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 468 Q F1(hash)108 484.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858 -(Each time)144 316.8 R F1(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo)-.4 +(Each time)144 496.8 R F1(hash)3.358 E F0 .858(is in)3.358 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F2(name) 3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956 -(the directories in)144 328.8 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 +(the directories in)144 508.8 R F1($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 .956(and remembered.)3.456 F(An)5.956 E 3.456(yp)-.15 G(re)-3.456 E .956 -(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .098(If the)144 340.8 -R F1<ad70>2.598 E F0 .098 -(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.598 F F2 -(\214lename)4.509 E F0 .099(is used as the full \214le name)2.779 F -1.712(of the command.)144 352.8 R(The)6.712 E F1<ad72>4.212 E F0 1.711 +(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 520.8 +R F1<ad70>2.742 E F0 .243 +(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F2 +(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .243(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.712 +(of the command.)144 532.8 R(The)6.712 E F1<ad72>4.212 E F0 1.711 (option causes the shell to for)4.212 F 1.711 (get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.711 E F1<ad64>4.211 E F0 -.833(option causes the shell to for)144 364.8 R .833 +.833(option causes the shell to for)144 544.8 R .833 (get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)3.333 E F0 5.833(.I) C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F1<ad74>3.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-) -3.333 F .704(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 376.8 R F2(name) +3.333 F .704(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 556.8 R F2(name) 3.204 E F0 .703(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .703(If multiple)5.703 F F2(name)3.203 E F0(ar)3.203 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 -388.8 R F1<ad74>3.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0 +568.8 R F1<ad74>3.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0 .795(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.295 F(The)5.795 E F1 <ad6c>3.295 E F0 .795(option causes)3.295 F .934 (output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 -400.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .934(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.934(n, or if).15 F(only)144 412.8 Q F1<ad6c>2.821 E F0 .321 +580.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .934(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.934(n, or if).15 F(only)144 592.8 Q F1<ad6c>2.821 E F0 .321 (is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.821 F -.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(unless a)144 424.8 Q F2(name)2.86 +.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(unless a)144 604.8 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.) -.25 E F1(help)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 +.25 E F1(help)108 621.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 (pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144 -453.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 +633.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 .866(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .306(help on all commands matching)144 -465.6 R F2(pattern)2.806 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 +645.6 R F2(pattern)2.806 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 (therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .307 -(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 477.6 Q F1 -<ad64>144 489.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)24.74 E F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 501.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) +(uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 657.6 Q F1 +<ad64>144 669.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)24.74 E F2 +(pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 681.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) 21.97 E F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(in a manpage-lik)2.5 E 2.5(ef)-.1 G(ormat) --2.5 E F1<ad73>144 513.6 Q F0 +-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 693.6 Q F0 (Display only a short usage synopsis for each)26.41 E F2(pattern)2.5 E -F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)108 525.6 Q F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1(history [)108 542.4 Q F2(n)A F1(])A -(history \255c)108 554.4 Q(history \255d)108 566.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset) --.18 E F1(history \255anrw)108 578.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A -F1(history \255p)108 590.4 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5 -(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 602.4 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 -614.4 S .752 +F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 710.4 Q F2 +(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9) +203.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 10 10 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(history [)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1(])A +(history \255c)108 96 Q(history \255d)108 108 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E +F1(history \255anrw)108 120 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A F1 +(history \255p)108 132 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.) +-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(history \255s)108 144 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E +F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 156 S .752 (th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F .752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F1(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 626.4 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F +G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 168 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F2(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 -(lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(HISTTIMEFOR-) -2.881 E(MA)144 638.4 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265 +(lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTTIMEFOR-)2.881 E(MA)144 180 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265 (is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F2 (strftime)2.764 E F0 .264(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.019 -(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 650.4 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G +(ciated with each displayed history entry)144 192 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G 3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019 (ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176 -(time stamp and the history line.)144 662.4 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename) +(time stamp and the history line.)144 204 R(If)5.176 E F2(\214lename) 2.676 E F0 .176 (is supplied, it is used as the name of the history \214le; if)2.676 F -(not, the v)144 674.4 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.) -2.25 E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 686.4 Q F0 +(not, the v)144 216 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(HISTFILE)2.5 E F0(is used.)2.25 +E(Options, if supplied, ha)5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 228 Q F0 (Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)25.86 E F1<ad64>144 -698.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position) -180 710.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(9)203.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 10 10 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>144 84 Q F0 .598(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E -(w')-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598 +240 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(Delete the history entry at position) +180 252 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0(.)A F1<ad61>144 264 Q F0 .598 +(Append the `)25.3 F(`ne)-.74 E(w')-.25 E 3.098('h)-.74 G .598 (istory lines \(history lines entered since the be)-3.098 F .599 -(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 96 Q F0 -(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 108 Q F0 .854(Read \ +(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)180 276 Q F0 +(session\) to the history \214le.)2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 288 Q F0 .854(Read \ the history lines not already read from the history \214le into the cur\ rent history list.)24.74 F .772 -(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 120 R +(These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 300 R .773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F1(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E -(sion.)180 132 Q F1<ad72>144 144 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \ -\214le and use them as the current history)25.86 E(.)-.65 E F1<ad77>144 -156 Q F0(Write the current history to the history \214le, o)23.08 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G(ontents.) --2.5 E F1<ad70>144 168 Q F0 .626 -(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625 -(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180 -180 R .475(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 -E F2(ar)2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F -(normal history e)180 192 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 204 Q F0 .363 +(sion.)180 312 Q F1<ad72>144 324 Q F0(Read the contents of the history \ +\214le and append them to the current history list.)25.86 E F1<ad77>144 +336 Q F0(Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)23.08 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G +(ontents.)-2.5 E F1<ad70>144 348 Q F0 .626 +(Perform history substitution on the follo)24.74 F(wing)-.25 E F2(ar) +3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard)3.125 F +2.975(output. Does)180 360 R .475 +(not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F2(ar) +2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F +(normal history e)180 372 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1<ad73>144 384 Q F0 .363 (Store the)26.41 F F2(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 (in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362 -(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 216 Q -.15(ve) +(he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 396 Q -.15(ve) -.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F2(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 -(are added.)2.77 E .145(If the)144 232.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 +(are added.)2.77 E .145(If the)144 412.8 R F3(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) +-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 (riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history) -.25 F .669(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 244.8 R .669 +.25 F .669(entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 424.8 R .669 (ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668 -(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 256.8 R .956 +(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 436.8 R .956 (ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956 (wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .416 -(are interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 268.8 R .416 +(are interpreted as timestamps for the pre)144 448.8 R .416 (vious history line.)-.25 F .416(The return v)5.416 F .415 (alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .499(option is e\ ncountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \214le\ -, an in)144 280.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)3 E(fset)-.18 E F0(is) -3 E(supplied as an ar)144 292.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5 +, an in)144 460.8 R -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(of)3 E(fset)-.18 E F0(is) +3 E(supplied as an ar)144 472.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5 (,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G(he history e)-2.5 E(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 E(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad70>2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(jobs)108 -309.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 -E F1(jobs \255x)108 321.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs) --.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 333.6 Q .3 +489.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 +E F1(jobs \255x)108 501.6 Q F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(gs) +-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 513.6 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5(obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H -(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 345.6 Q F0 +(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 525.6 Q F0 (List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)27.52 E F1 -<ad6e>144 357.6 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) +<ad6e>144 537.6 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) 24.74 F .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 F -.193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 369.6 Q F1<ad70>144 -381.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G -(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad72>144 393.6 Q F0 -(Restrict output to running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 405.6 Q F0 -(Restrict output to stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 422.4 Q F2(jobspec) -4.553 E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 +.193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 549.6 Q F1<ad70>144 +561.6 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')24.74 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G +(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad72>144 573.6 Q F0 +(Display only running jobs.)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 585.6 Q F0 +(Display only stopped jobs.)26.41 E(If)144 602.4 Q F2(jobspec)4.553 E F0 +.313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 (n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T) --.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 434.4 Q -.25 +-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 614.4 Q -.25 (va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 -E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 451.2 R F1 +E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 631.2 R F1 <ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F1(jobs)2.894 E F0 .394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F2(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in) 3.204 F F2(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F2(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394 -(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 463.2 Q +(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 643.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar) 2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E -F1(kill)108 480 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 +F1(kill)108 660 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad73>A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1 <ad6e>2.5 E F2(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1<ad>2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0 2.5 (][)C F2(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F1 -(kill \255l)108 492 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 504 R F2 +(kill \255l)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(sigspec)A F0(|)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G +(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119(Send the signal named by)144 684 R F2 (sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E F2(signum)2.959 E F0 .119 (to the processes named by)2.939 F F2(pid)3.87 E F0(or)3.39 E F2 (jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F2(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 E .319 -(either a case-insensiti)144 516 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 +(either a case-insensiti)144 696 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 (ignal name such as).15 F F3(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318 (\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 -(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 528 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0 +(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 708 Q F2(signum)4.188 E F0 1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F2(sigspec) 4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0 -1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 540 Q .523(gument of)-.18 F +1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 720 Q .523(gument of)-.18 F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an)5.523 F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when).18 F F1<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523(n, the names) -.15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 552 R .28 -(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E F2 --.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 564 Q .378(gument to)-.18 F F1 -<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378 +.15 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(10)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 11 11 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .28 +(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 84 R .28 +(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 96 Q .378 +(gument to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378 (is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377 -(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 576 R -F1(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F +(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .593(nated by a signal.)144 108 R +F2(kill)5.593 E F0 .593(returns true if at least one signal w)3.093 F .593(as successfully sent, or f)-.1 F .594(alse if an error)-.1 F -(occurs or an in)144 588 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 -E F1(let)108 604.8 Q F2(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Each)144 616.8 Q F2(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197 +(occurs or an in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 +E F2(let)108 136.8 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Each)144 148.8 Q F1(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197 (is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.196(luated \(see).25 F F3 .196(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855 -(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F -(the last)144 628.8 Q F2(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G -(luates to 0,).25 E F1(let)2.5 E F0(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.) -2.5 E F1(local)108 645.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name) --2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 657.6 S -2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06 -(ariable named)-.25 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned) -2.74 F F2(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he)-5.06 E F2(option)2.56 E F0 -.06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 669.6 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653 -(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F1(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W) -C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652 +.196(luated \(see).25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .196(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F +(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo)2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 160.8 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25 +(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0 +(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 +E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C +(..])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 189.6 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06 +(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 .06 +(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F1(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he) +-5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 201.6 Q 3.153(yo) +-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F2(declar) +3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652 (is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 -681.6 Q F2(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861 +213.6 Q F1(name)3.72 E F0 .86(to ha)3.54 F 1.16 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .861 (isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)144 693.6 Q F0 1.165 +(Wi)5.861 G .861(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)144 225.6 Q F0 1.165 (writes a list of local v)3.665 F 1.165 (ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.165(It is an error to use) -6.165 F F1(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232 -(within a function.)144 705.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232 -F F1(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F --.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)3.093 E F0(is)2.913 E(supplied, or)144 -717.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(10)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 11 11 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(logout)108 84 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F1 -(map\214le)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k) --.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr) --2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 112.8 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E -F1<ad6e>A F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 -2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac) -2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .351 -(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 124.8 R -.15(xe) --.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(arr)2.85 E +6.165 F F2(local)3.664 E F0 1.164(when not)3.664 F .232 +(within a function.)144 237.6 R .233(The return status is 0 unless)5.232 +F F2(local)2.733 E F0 .233(is used outside a function, an in)2.733 F +-.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)3.093 E F0(is)2.913 E(supplied, or)144 +249.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2 +(logout)108 266.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)9.33 E F2(map\214le)108 283.2 +Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1 +(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43> +-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F2 -.18(re)108 295.2 S +(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f> +-2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1 +(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .351 +(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 307.2 R -.15(xe) +-.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(arr)2.85 E (ay)-.15 E F0 2.85(,o).32 G 2.85(rf)-2.85 G .35(rom \214le descriptor) --2.85 F F2(fd)2.85 E F0 1.248(if the)144 136.8 R F1<ad75>3.748 E F0 -1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F(ariable)-.25 E/F3 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E -F2(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,)-6.249 -F(ha)144 148.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E -F1<ad6e>144 160.8 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E -F2(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F2(count)2.5 E F0 -(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1<ad4f>144 172.8 Q F0(Be)22.52 E -(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x) --.15 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi) --.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 184.8 Q F0 -(Discard the \214rst)26.41 E F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 -<ad74>144 196.8 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing ne).15 E -(wline from each line read.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 208.8 Q F0 -(Read lines from \214le descriptor)24.74 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 220.8 Q F0(Ev)23.08 E -(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2(quantum) -2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0 -(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 232.8 -Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)25.86 E F2 -(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 249.6 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 -(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 -(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 +-2.85 F F1(fd)2.85 E F0 1.248(if the)144 319.2 R F2<ad75>3.748 E F0 +1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F(ariable)-.25 E F3 +(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F1(arr)3.749 E +(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,)-6.249 F(ha)144 +331.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6e> +144 343.2 Q F0(Cop)24.74 E 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5(tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F1 +(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F1(count)2.5 E F0 +(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F2<ad4f>144 355.2 Q F0(Be)22.52 E +(gin assigning to)-.15 E F1(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x) +-.15 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi) +-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F2<ad73>144 367.2 Q F0 +(Discard the \214rst)26.41 E F1(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F2 +<ad74>144 379.2 Q F0(Remo)26.97 E .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing ne).15 E +(wline from each line read.)-.25 E F2<ad75>144 391.2 Q F0 +(Read lines from \214le descriptor)24.74 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 +(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F2<ad43>144 403.2 Q F0(Ev)23.08 E +(aluate)-.25 E F1(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F1(quantum) +2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F2<ad63>2.5 E F0 +(option speci\214es)2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F2<ad63>144 415.2 +Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)25.86 E F1 +(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 432 Q F2<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 +(is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F2<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 +(he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F1 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 -(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 261.6 R 2.761(xo)-.15 -G 2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be ass\ -igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 -(as additional ar)144 273.6 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E +(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 444 R 2.761(xo)-.15 G +2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be assig\ +ned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 +(as additional ar)144 456 R(guments.)-.18 E F1(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 (luated after the line is read b).25 F .274 -(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 285.6 Q -(If not supplied with an e)144 302.4 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 -(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 319.2 Q F0 1.905 +(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 468 Q +(If not supplied with an e)144 484.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F2 +(map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F2(map\214le)144 501.6 Q F0 1.905 (returns successfully unless an in)4.405 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 -(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.906(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) -4.406 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.406 E(in)144 331.2 Q -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 +(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.906(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F1(arr) +4.406 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.406 E(in)144 513.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F1(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E -F1(popd)108 348 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 360 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se) +F2(popd)108 530.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 +2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 542.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se) .15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299 (th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G .299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144 -372 R F1(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 +554.4 R F2(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 (op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479 (uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479(he follo).15 -F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 384 Q F1<ad6e>144 396 Q F0 .551 +F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 566.4 Q F2<ad6e>144 578.4 Q F0 .551 (Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)24.74 F .551 (ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F -(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 408 Q F1(+)144 420 Q F2(n)A F0 -(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0 .14 -(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F F1 -(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 432 -S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0(remo) -2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E -F4(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1<ad>144 444 Q F2(n)A F0(Remo) -25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0 1.259 -(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by)-.25 F -F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5(zero. F) -180 456 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F4(popd -1)2.5 -E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 472.8 R F1(popd) -3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F1(dirs)3.143 E F0 .644 -(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 F F1(popd)5.644 -E F0 .416(returns f)144 484.8 R .416(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G -.415(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 +(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 590.4 Q F2(+)144 602.4 Q F1(n)A +F0(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F1(n)2.64 E F0 +.14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F +F2(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 +614.4 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 +(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,) +-.65 E F4(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F2<ad>144 626.4 Q F1(n)A F0 +(Remo)25.3 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F1(n)3.76 E F0 +1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by) +-.25 F F2(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5 +(zero. F)180 638.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F4(popd -0)2.5 E F0 +(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 +E F4(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 +655.2 R F2(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F2 +(dirs)3.143 E F0 .644(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.) +3.143 F F2(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 667.2 R .416 +(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .415 +(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 (,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F -(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 496.8 Q -(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 513.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0 -(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436 -(Write the formatted)144 525.6 R F2(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 -(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F2(format)3.937 -E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F1<ad76>3.937 E F0 .126 -(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 537.6 R(ariable) --.25 E F2(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard) -2.626 F(output.)144 549.6 Q(The)144 573.6 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(i\ -s a character string which contains three types of objects: plain chara\ -cters, which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\ -er escape sequences, which are con)144 585.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 -(rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ -\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 597.6 R .037 -(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 609.6 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 -5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2 -(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031 -E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 621.6 Q -(xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 633.6 Q F0(causes)20.44 E F1(printf)5.115 E -F0 2.615(to e)5.115 F 2.615 -(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar) -5.115 E(gument)-.37 E F0(\(e)180 645.6 Q .608(xcept that)-.15 F F1(\\c) -3.108 E F0 .608(terminates output, backslashes in)3.108 F F1<5c08>3.108 -E F0(,)A F1(\\")3.108 E F0 3.108(,a)C(nd)-3.108 E F1(\\?)3.108 E F0 .608 -(are not remo)3.108 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .608(d, and octal).15 F(escapes be) -180 657.6 Q(ginning with)-.15 E F1(\\0)2.5 E F0 -(may contain up to four digits\).)2.5 E F1(%q)144 669.6 Q F0(causes) -20.44 E F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2 -(ar)2.51 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell) -2.51 F(input.)180 681.6 Q F1(%\()144 693.6 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0 -(causes)180 705.6 Q F1(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 -(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F2(datefmt) -4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 717.6 R F2 -(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar) -2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 -(ger representing the number)-.15 F .458(of seconds since the epoch.)180 -729.6 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F -.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(11)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 679.2 Q +(ails.)-.1 E F2(printf)108 696 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad76>A F1(var)2.5 E F0(]) +A F1(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436 +(Write the formatted)144 708 R F1(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 +(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F1(format)3.937 +E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F2<ad76>3.937 E F0 .126 +(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 720 R(ariable)-.25 +E F1(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard)2.626 +F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(11)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 12 12 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -(current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 84 Q(as in)-.1 -E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E(Ar)144 100.8 Q .463(guments to non-s\ -tring format speci\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .464 -(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259(minus sign is allo)144 112.8 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(output.)144 +84 Q(The)144 108 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)3.017 E F0 .517(is a \ +character string which contains three types of objects: plain character\ +s, which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character e\ +scape sequences, which are con)144 120 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 +(rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ +\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 132 R .037 +(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F1(ar)144 144 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 +5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F1 +(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B/F2 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(printf)3.031 E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-) +-.25 E(ing e)144 156 Q(xtensions:)-.15 E F2(%b)144 168 Q F0(causes)20.44 +E F2(printf)5.115 E F0 2.615(to e)5.115 F 2.615 +(xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F1(ar) +5.115 E(gument)-.37 E F0(\(e)180 180 Q .608(xcept that)-.15 F F2(\\c) +3.108 E F0 .608(terminates output, backslashes in)3.108 F F2<5c08>3.108 +E F0(,)A F2(\\")3.108 E F0 3.108(,a)C(nd)-3.108 E F2(\\?)3.108 E F0 .608 +(are not remo)3.108 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .608(d, and octal).15 F(escapes be) +180 192 Q(ginning with)-.15 E F2(\\0)2.5 E F0 +(may contain up to four digits\).)2.5 E F2(%q)144 204 Q F0(causes)20.44 +E F2(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F1(ar)2.51 +E(gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F +(input.)180 216 Q F2(%\()144 228 Q F1(datefmt)A F2(\)T)A F0(causes)180 +240 Q F2(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 +(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F1(datefmt) +4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 252 R F1 +(strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F1(ar) +2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 +(ger representing the number)-.15 F .458(of seconds since the epoch.)180 +264 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F +.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F .847 +(current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 276 R .847 +(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.348(d. If).1 F .848(no ar)3.348 +F .848(gument is speci-)-.18 F .355(\214ed, con)180 288 R -.15(ve)-.4 G +.355(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.855(sa).15 G 2.855(si)-2.855 G +2.855(f-)-2.855 G 2.855(1h)-2.855 G .354(ad been gi)-2.855 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.854(n. This).15 F .354(is an e)2.854 F .354 +(xception to the usual)-.15 F F2(printf)2.854 E F0(beha)180 300 Q(vior) +-.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 316.8 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\ +\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .464 +(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259(minus sign is allo)144 328.8 R 1.259 (wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 124.8 Q(alue of the follo) --.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 141.6 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(format)3.423 E F0 .923 -(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F1(ar)3.423 E -(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F1(format) -3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F1(ar)144 153.6 Q(guments)-.37 E +-.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 340.8 Q(alue of the follo) +-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 357.6 Q F1(format)3.423 E +F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F1(ar)3.423 +E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F1(format) +3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F1(ar)144 369.6 Q(guments)-.37 E F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033 (xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si) .15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,) --.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 165.6 Q(The return v)5 E -(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 182.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+) --2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 194.4 Q -F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a direc\ -tory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates the stack, making th\ -e ne)144 206.4 R 3.14(wt)-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316 -(stack the current w)144 218.4 R 1.316(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W) --.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315 -(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315(irectories and)-3.815 F -.871(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 230.4 R 5.871 -(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 --.15(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 -242.4 Q F2<ad6e>144 254.4 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of dir\ -ectory when adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F -(only the stack is manipulated.)180 266.4 Q F2(+)144 278.4 Q F1(n)A F0 +-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 381.6 Q(The return v)5 E +(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F2(pushd) +108 398.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C +<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 410.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 +2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\ +irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 422.4 R 3.14(wt) +-.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F 1.316(stack the current w)144 434.4 R 1.316 +(orking directory)-.1 F 6.316(.W)-.65 G 1.315(ith no ar)-6.716 F 1.315 +(guments, e)-.18 F 1.315(xchanges the top tw)-.15 F 3.815(od)-.1 G 1.315 +(irectories and)-3.815 F .871 +(returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 446.4 R 5.871(.A) +-.65 G -.18(rg)-5.871 G .872(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.172 -.15 +(ve t)-.2 H .872(he follo).15 F .872(wing mean-)-.25 F(ings:)144 458.4 Q +F2<ad6e>144 470.4 Q F0 .902(Suppresses the normal change of directory w\ +hen adding directories to the stack, so that)24.74 F +(only the stack is manipulated.)180 482.4 Q F2(+)144 494.4 Q F1(n)A F0 1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.767 E F0 1.268 (th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.268(wn by) --.25 F F2(dirs)180 290.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C -(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 302.4 Q F1(n)A F0 +-.25 F F2(dirs)180 506.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C +(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 518.4 Q F1(n)A F0 .92(Rotates the stack so that the)25.3 F F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 -F F2(dirs)180 314.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 326.4 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F1(dir)2.85 E F0 -(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.23 E 2.5(wc)-.25 -G(urrent w)-2.5 E(orking directory)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .488(If the)144 343.2 -R F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F2(dirs) -2.988 E F0 .488(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489 -(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04 -(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 355.2 R F1(dir)3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G -3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F2(pushd)3.539 E F0 -1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144 -367.2 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack ele\ -ment is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F -(speci\214ed ne)144 379.2 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E -(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 396 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 -(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 408 R .845 -(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 -(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 -420 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 .181 +F F2(dirs)180 530.4 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) +-2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 542.4 Q F0(Adds)23.98 E F1(dir)3.137 E F0 .287 +(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.517 F 2.788(wc) +-.25 G .288(urrent w)-2.788 F .288(orking directory as)-.1 F +(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 554.4 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F2 +(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .489(If the)144 571.2 R F2(pushd) +2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F2(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 +(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F +F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 583.2 R F1(dir) +3.889 E F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,) +-.4 F F2(pushd)3.54 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the directory)3.54 F .847 +(stack is empty)144 595.2 R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847(xistent\ + directory stack element is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the) +-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 607.2 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 +E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 624 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .844 +(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 636 R .845 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845 +(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144 +648 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 .181 (\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2(set) -2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264(enabled. If) -144 432 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763 -(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 -F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ - reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 444 R -.25(va) --.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 456 Q F2 -.18(re)108 472.8 S(ad) -.18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad61>-3.817 E F1(aname) -3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad64>-3.817 E F1(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2 -<ad69>-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad6e>-3.817 E F1 -(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad4e>-3.816 E F1(nc) -3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad70>-3.816 E F1(pr)3.816 E -(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad74>-3.816 E F1(timeout)3.816 E F0 3.816 -(][)C F2<ad75>-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 484.8 Q F1(name)A F0 +2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263(enabled. If) +144 660 R(the)3.263 E F2<ad4c>3.263 E F0 .763 +(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263 +F .764(The return)5.764 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ + reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 672 R -.25(va) +-.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 684 Q F2 -.18(re)108 700.8 S(ad) +.18 E F0([)3.816 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad61>-3.816 E F1(aname) +3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad64>-3.816 E F1(delim)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2 +<ad69>-3.816 E F1(te)3.816 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad6e>-3.816 E F1 +(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad4e>-3.817 E F1(nc) +3.817 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad70>-3.817 E F1(pr)3.817 E +(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad74>-3.817 E F1(timeout)3.817 E F0 3.817 +(][)C F2<ad75>-3.817 E F1(fd)3.817 E F0(])A([)108 712.8 Q F1(name)A F0 (...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from the \ -\214le descriptor)144 496.8 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar) -3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 508.8 Q F2<ad75>2.538 E F0 .038 -(option, and the \214rst w)2.538 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst) --.1 F F1(name)2.539 E F0 2.539(,t).18 G .039(he second w)-2.539 F .039 -(ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)2.539 E F0(,).18 E .42 -(and so on, with lefto)144 520.8 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42 -(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42 -(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I) -.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .54(are fe)144 532.8 R .54(wer w)-.25 -F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \ -are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 544.8 S 2.511(lues. The).25 F .011 -(characters in)2.511 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)2.511 E F0 .011 -(are used to split the line into w)2.261 F 2.511(ords. The)-.1 F .011 -(backslash character \()2.511 F F2(\\)A F0 2.51(\)m)C(ay)-2.51 E 1.89 -(be used to remo)144 556.8 R 2.19 -.15(ve a)-.15 H 2.19 -.15(ny s).15 H -1.891(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F 1.891 -(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F -(Options, if supplied, ha)144 568.8 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 580.8 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w) -180 592.8 R 1.049 -(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F1(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F -F1(aname)180.33 604.8 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 --.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 616.8 Q F1(delim)2.5 E -F0(The \214rst character of)180 628.8 Q F1(delim)2.5 E F0 -(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E -F2<ad65>144 640.8 Q F0 .372 -(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F2 -.18(re) -2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218 -(to obtain the line.)180 652.8 R .218 -(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 -(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E -(acti)180 664.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E -F2<ad69>144 676.8 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)10.78 E F2 -.18(re)2.715 -G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te) -2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E -.216(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 688.8 Q(gins.)-.15 E F2<ad6e>144 -700.8 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 712.8 S(ad).18 E -F0 1.395(returns after reading)3.895 F F1(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E -F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394 -(aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input, b)180 724.8 Q -(ut honor a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E -(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +\214le descriptor)144 724.8 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar) +3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 +E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 13 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad4e>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 -E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 96 S(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e) -3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269 -(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 -(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 108 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(the)144 84 Q +/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad75>2.539 E F0 .039(option, and the \214rst w) +2.539 F .038(ord is assigned to the \214rst)-.1 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(name)2.538 E F0 2.538(,t).18 G .038(he second w)-2.538 F .038 +(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)2.538 E F0(,).18 E .42 +(and so on, with lefto)144 96 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.92(rw).15 G .42 +(ords and their interv)-3.02 F .42 +(ening separators assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)2.92 E F0 5.42(.I) +.18 G 2.92(ft)-5.42 G(here)-2.92 E .541(are fe)144 108 R .541(wer w)-.25 +F .541(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names \ +are assigned empty)-.1 F -.25(va)144 120 S 3.357(lues. The).25 F .857 +(characters in)3.357 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.357 E F0 .857 +(are used to split the line into w)3.107 F .857 +(ords using the same rules the shell)-.1 F .754(uses for e)144 132 R +.753(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F 1.053 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E +F1 -.75(Wo)3.253 G .753(rd Splitting).75 F F0 3.253(\). The)B .753 +(backslash character \()3.253 F F1(\\)A F0 3.253(\)m)C .753(ay be)-3.253 +F .075(used to remo)144 144 R .375 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .375 -.15(ny s).15 H +.075(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .076 +(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Options,)5.076 E +(if supplied, ha)144 156 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 168 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w) +180 180 R 1.049(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v) +-.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049 +(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F F2(aname)180.33 192 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 +E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E +F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 204 Q +F2(delim)2.5 E F0(The \214rst character of)180 216 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E +F1<ad65>144 228 Q F0 .372 +(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)25.86 F F1 -.18(re) +2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218 +(to obtain the line.)180 240 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def) +5.218 F .218(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F +(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 252 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G +(diting settings.)-2.5 E F1<ad69>144 264 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If) +10.78 E F1 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 +(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 +(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) +-.25 F(ing be)180 276 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e>144 288 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har) +-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 300 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395 +(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395 +(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of) +-.1 F(input, b)180 312 Q(ut honor a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 +E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 +(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad4e>144 324 +Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 336 S(ad).18 E F0 1.269 +(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E +(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27 +(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 +(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 348 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-) 5.274 F 1.002 -(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 120 R +(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 360 R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)3.503 -E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 132 Q F1<ad70>144 144 Q -F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 156 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E +E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read.)180 372 Q F1<ad70>144 384 Q +F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 396 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161 (ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read) --.25 F(an)180 168 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F +-.25 F(an)180 408 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -<ad72>144 180 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +<ad72>144 420 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) 25.86 F 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F(the line.)180 192 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G +-5.543 F(the line.)180 432 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G (ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.) --.25 E F1<ad73>144 204 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E +-.25 E F1<ad73>144 444 Q F0(Silent mode.)26.41 E (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -<ad74>144 216 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 228 Q F1 -.18(re)3.549 G -(ad).18 E F0 1.048(to time out and return f)3.549 F 1.048 -(ailure if a complete line of input is not read within)-.1 F F2(timeout) -180 240 Q F0(seconds.)3.496 E F2(timeout)5.996 E F0 .997 -(may be a decimal number with a fractional portion follo)3.496 F(wing) --.25 E .576(the decimal point.)180 252 R .576(This option is only ef) -5.576 F(fecti)-.25 E .876 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)3.076 G -(ad).18 E F0 .576(is reading input from a terminal,)3.076 F .141 -(pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 264 R .142 -(fect when reading from re)-.25 F .142(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.142 E -F2(timeout)2.642 E F0 .142(is 0,)2.642 F F1 -.18(re)180 276 S(ad).18 E -F0 .113(returns success if input is a)2.614 F -.25(va)-.2 G .113 -(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor).25 F 2.613(,f)-.4 G .113 -(ailure otherwise.)-2.713 F(The e)180 288 Q -(xit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e)-.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 -E F1<ad75>144 300 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor) -14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191(If no)144 316.8 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 -.191(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable) --.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(.)A F0 .192(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 328.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad) +<ad74>144 456 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 468 Q F1 -.18(re)2.929 G +(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428 +(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56 +(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 480 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 +(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number) +3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 492 Q +(wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E +.3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ +g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 +504 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 516 R .59 +(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 +(times out,)3.09 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 +G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589 +(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 528 S(riable) +.25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27 +(is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 +F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G +(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 540 R 1.12(xit status is 0 if input is a) +-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.12(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor) +.25 F 3.62(,n)-.4 G 1.12(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 +552 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e) +.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1<ad75>144 564 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 +(Read input from \214le descriptor)14.46 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .191 +(If no)144 580.8 R F2(names)3.051 E F0 .191 +(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)2.961 F(ariable)-.25 E +F3(REPL)2.692 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .192 +(The return code is zero,)4.692 F 1.344 +(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 592.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.844 G(ad) .18 E F0 1.343 -(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F -(128\), or an in)144 340.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar).25 E(gument to)-.18 E F1 -<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 357.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255aA)A(pf)-.25 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 369.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2 -(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77 -(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 381.6 R -1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 -(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 393.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +(times out \(in which case the return code is greater than)3.844 F .871 +(128\), a v)144 604.8 R .871 +(ariable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v)-.25 F +.872(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E +(\214le descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 616.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1 +<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 633.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A +F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 645.6 R -.15(ve) +-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77 +(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 +.77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 +657.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097 +(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 +(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 669.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .538(ables to associati)144 405.6 R .838 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.038 -(rrays. If).15 F(no)3.038 E F2(name)3.398 E F0(ar)3.218 E .538 -(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .538(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70> -3.038 E F0 .537(option is supplied, a list)3.038 F .08 -(of all readonly names is printed.)144 417.6 R(The)5.08 E F1<ad70>2.58 E -F0 .081(option causes output to be displayed in a format that may)2.58 F -1.177(be reused as input.)144 429.6 R 1.177(If a v)6.177 F 1.176 -(ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.176(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 -3.676(,t)C 1.176(he v)-3.676 F 1.176(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.176 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)144 441.6 Q(d)-.37 E F0 6.205(.T)C -1.205(he return status is 0 unless an in)-6.205 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.206 -(lid option is encountered, one of the).25 F F2(names)4.066 E F0 1.206 -(is not a)3.976 F -.25(va)144 453.6 S(lid shell v).25 E -(ariable name, or)-.25 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is supplied with a)2.5 E F2 -(name)2.86 E F0(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 470.4 S -(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .587 -(Causes a function to e)144 482.4 R .587(xit with the return v)-.15 F -.587(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)3.087 E F0 5.587(.I).24 G(f)-5.587 -E F2(n)3.447 E F0 .586(is omitted, the return status is)3.327 F 1.335 -(that of the last command e)144 494.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.335 -(cuted in the function body).15 F 6.335(.I)-.65 G 3.835(fu)-6.335 G -1.335(sed outside a function, b)-3.835 F 1.335(ut during)-.2 F -.15(exe) -144 506.4 S .794(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.294 E F0(\() -5.794 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.294(\)c)C .794 -(ommand, it causes the shell to stop e)-3.294 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .794 -(cuting that script).15 F .245(and return either)144 518.4 R F2(n)3.105 -E F0 .246(or the e)2.985 F .246(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .246(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .246 -(xit sta-)-.15 F .082(tus of the script.)144 530.4 R .082 -(If used outside a function and not during e)5.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .082 -(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.582 E F0 2.581(,t).833 G .081 -(he return sta-)-2.581 F 2.305(tus is f)144 542.4 R 4.805(alse. An)-.1 F -4.805(yc)-.15 G 2.305(ommand associated with the)-4.805 F F1(RETURN) -4.805 E F0 2.306(trap is e)4.806 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.306(cuted before e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution).15 E(resumes after the function or script.) -144 554.4 Q F1(set)108 571.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F2 -(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1 -(set)108 583.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o) --2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0 -(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 595.2 S .836(thout options, the name and v).4 F +-.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 681.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 +(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F1<ad41>3.277 E +F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name) +3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 693.6 R -.15(ve) +-.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521 +(option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F +.521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ +to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 705.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 +<ad70>2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 +(causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) +144 717.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 +729.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) +-3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) +3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) +-5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +148.735 E(13)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 14 14 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .26 +(option is encountered, one of the)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v)-.25 F .26 +(ariable name, or)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26 +(is supplied with a)2.76 F F1(name)144.36 96 Q F0 +(that is not a function.)2.68 E F2 -.18(re)108 112.8 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 124.8 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 +(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F1(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F +5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F1(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .469 +(the return status is that of the last command e)144 136.8 R -.15(xe) +-.15 G .469(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.469(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.469 E +F2 -.18(re)2.969 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .468(is used out-)2.969 F .466 +(side a function, b)144 148.8 R .466(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.467(cution of a script by the).15 F F2(.)2.967 E F0(\()5.467 E F2(sour) +A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.967(\)c)C .467(ommand, it causes the shell to)-2.967 F +.088(stop e)144 160.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .087 +(cuting that script and return either).15 F F1(n)2.947 E F0 .087 +(or the e)2.827 F .087(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G .087(cuted within).15 F .613(the script as the e)144 172.8 R .613 +(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.613 E F1(n)3.113 E F0 .613 +(is supplied, the return v)3.113 F .613 +(alue is its least signi\214cant 8)-.25 F 2.511(bits. The)144 184.8 R +.011(return status is non-zero if)2.511 F F2 -.18(re)2.511 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 .011(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.511 F .01 +(gument, or is used outside)-.18 F 2.909(af)144 196.8 S .409 +(unction and not during e)-2.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .41 +(cution of a script by).15 F F2(.)2.91 E F0(or)3.743 E F2(sour)2.91 E +(ce)-.18 E F0 5.41(.A)C .71 -.15(ny c)-5.41 H .41 +(ommand associated with the).15 F F2(RETURN)144 208.8 Q F0(trap is e)2.5 +E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cution resumes after the function or script.).15 E F2(set)108 225.6 Q +F0([)2.5 E F2(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6f>-2.5 E +F1(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E +F2(set)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(+o)-2.5 E F1(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 249.6 S .836(thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .835 (ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 607.2 +(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 261.6 R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 619.2 R F2 .447(posix mode) -2.947 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447 -(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447 -(The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.53 -(locale. When)144 631.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.912(reset. In)144 273.6 R F1(posix)2.912 E F0 +.412(mode, only shell v)2.912 F .412(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .412 +(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.53 +(locale. When)144 285.6 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F 3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) -.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F -1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 643.2 R 1.623 +1.624(after option processing are treated as v)144 297.6 R 1.623 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order) -144 655.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A -F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 --.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 667.2 Q +144 309.6 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F2($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F2($2)2.5 E F0(,)A +F2 2.5(... $)2.5 F F1(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 321.6 Q F0 .539(Automatically mark v)29.3 F .539 (ariables and functions which are modi\214ed or created for e)-.25 F .54 -(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 679.2 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.) --.4 E F1<ad62>144 691.2 Q F0 .132 +(xport to)-.15 F(the en)184 333.6 Q(vironment of subsequent commands.) +-.4 E F2<ad62>144 345.6 Q F0 .132 (Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)28.74 F 2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 703.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) --.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 715.2 Q F0 .51 -(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F2(pipeline)3.01 E F0 .511 -(\(which may consist of a single)3.011 F F2 .511(simple command)3.011 F -F0 3.011(\), a)B F2(sub-)3.011 E(shell)184 727.2 Q F0 .872 -(command enclosed in parentheses, or one of the commands e)3.373 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .872(cuted as part of a).15 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(13)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 14 14 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .399 -(command list enclosed by braces \(see)184 84 R/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.399(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.899 F F0(abo)2.649 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.899(\)e).15 G -.399(xits with a non-zero)-3.049 F 3.969(status. The)184 96 R 1.468 -(shell does not e)3.969 F 1.468(xit if the command that f)-.15 F 1.468 -(ails is part of the command list)-.1 F .569(immediately follo)184 108 R -.569(wing a)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(while)3.069 E F0(or)3.069 E F2 -(until)3.069 E F0 -.1(ke)3.069 G(yw)-.05 E .569 -(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F .57(wing the)-.25 F F2(if)3.07 E F0 -(or)3.07 E F2(elif)3.07 E F0(reserv)184 120 Q .91(ed w)-.15 F .91 -(ords, part of an)-.1 F 3.41(yc)-.15 G .909(ommand e)-3.41 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .909(cuted in a).15 F F2(&&)3.409 E F0(or)3.409 E F2(||)3.409 E -F0 .909(list e)3.409 F .909(xcept the command)-.15 F(follo)184 132 Q -.049(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F2(&&)2.549 E F0(or)2.549 E F2(||)2.549 E -F0 2.549(,a)C .349 -.15(ny c)-2.549 H .049(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F -.05(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F(s)-.55 E .373(return v)184 144 -R .373(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .373(rted with).15 F F2(!) -2.873 E F0 5.372(.A)C .372(trap on)-2.5 F F2(ERR)2.872 E F0 2.872(,i)C -2.872(fs)-2.872 G .372(et, is e)-2.872 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .372 -(cuted before the shell).15 F -.15(ex)184 156 S 2.896(its. This).15 F -.397(option applies to the shell en)2.896 F .397 -(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .397(vironment sepa-)-.4 F .191 -(rately \(see)184 168 R F1 .19(COMMAND EXECUTION ENVIR)2.691 F(ONMENT) --.27 E F0(abo)2.44 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .19(\), and may cause subshells).15 -F(to e)184 180 Q(xit before e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting all the commands in the subshell.).15 E F2<ad66>144 192 Q F0 -(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2<ad68>144 204 Q F0 2.238 -(Remember the location of commands as the)28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.239 -(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.739 -(cution. This).15 F(is)4.739 E(enabled by def)184 216 Q(ault.)-.1 E F2 -<ad6b>144 228 Q F0 .514(All ar)28.74 F .514 +(primary prompt.)184 357.6 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F2<ad65>144 369.6 Q F0 +.087(Exit immediately if a)29.86 F F1(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 +(\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F1 .088(simple command)2.588 F +F0 .088(\), a)B F1(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 381.6 Q +F1 1.294(compound command)3.794 F F0(\(see)3.794 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +1.294(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.794 F F0(abo)3.544 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.793(\), e) +.15 F 1.293(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .079 +(The shell does not e)184 393.6 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F +.08(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 405.6 Q +1.655(wing a)-.25 F F2(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F2(until)4.155 E F0 +-.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654 +(wing the)-.25 F F2(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F2(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv) +4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 417.6 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) +-.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F2 +(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F2(||)3.081 E F0 .582(list e)3.082 F .582 +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 429.6 R +F2(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F2(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c) +-3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917 +(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E +-.25(va)184 441.6 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66 +(rted with).15 F F2(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661 +(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113 +(non-zero status because a command f)184 453.6 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F +F2<ad65>3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112 +(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 465.6 R 2.677 +(xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F F2(ERR)2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678 +(fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 +(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178 +(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 477.6 R .617 +(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617(vironment separately \(see) +-.4 F F3 .617(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR)184 489.6 R(ONMENT) +-.27 E F0(abo)2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643 +(\), and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643(xit before e)-.15 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 501.6 +Q 2.042(If a compound command or shell function e)184 519.6 R -.15(xe) +-.15 G 2.042(cutes in a conte).15 F 2.042(xt where)-.15 F F2<ad65>4.542 +E F0 2.042(is being)4.542 F 1.435(ignored, none of the commands e)184 +531.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.436 +(cuted within the compound command or function).15 F .194 +(body will be af)184 543.6 R .194(fected by the)-.25 F F2<ad65>2.694 E +F0 .193(setting, e)2.693 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.693(ni).15 G(f)-2.693 E F2 +<ad65>2.693 E F0 .193(is set and a command returns a f)2.693 F(ailure) +-.1 E 3.39(status. If)184 555.6 R 3.39(ac)3.39 G .89 +(ompound command or shell function sets)-3.39 F F2<ad65>3.39 E F0 .89 +(while e)3.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .89(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt)-.15 E +(where)184 567.6 Q F2<ad65>3.154 E F0 .654 +(is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.154 F .953 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .953 +-.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .653(ect until the compound command).25 F +(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 579.6 Q F2 +<ad66>144 591.6 Q F0(Disable pathname e)30.97 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F2 +<ad68>144 603.6 Q F0 2.238(Remember the location of commands as the) +28.74 F 4.738(ya)-.15 G 2.239(re look)-4.738 F 2.239(ed up for e)-.1 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 4.739(cution. This).15 F(is)4.739 E(enabled by def)184 +615.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F2<ad6b>144 627.6 Q F0 .514(All ar)28.74 F .514 (guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F -(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 240 Q F2 -<ad6d>144 252 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .148 +(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 639.6 Q F2 +<ad6d>144 651.6 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)25.97 F .148 (Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F -.149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .637 -(on systems that support it \(see)184 264 R F1 .636(JOB CONTR)3.136 F -(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.886 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.136(\). Background).15 F .636 -(processes run in a)3.136 F .641 -(separate process group and a line containing their e)184 276 R .642 -(xit status is printed upon their com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 288 Q F2 -<ad6e>144 300 Q F0 .653(Read commands b)28.74 F .653(ut do not e)-.2 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .653(cute them.).15 F .652 -(This may be used to check a shell script for)5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 -312 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F2<ad6f>144 324 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The) -184 336 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E -(wing:)-.25 E F2(allexport)184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 360 Q F2<ad61>2.5 E -F0(.)A F2(braceexpand)184 372 Q F0(Same as)224 384 Q F2<ad42>2.5 E F0(.) -A F2(emacs)184 396 Q F0 .089 -(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)13.9 F 2.589(ace. This) --.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 -(when the shell is interacti)224 408 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 -(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F2(\255\255noediting)3.45 E -F0 2.5(option. This)224 420 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) --.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F2(err) -184 432 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F2<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -(errtrace)184 444 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F2<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(functrace) -184 456 Q F0(Same as)224 468 Q F2<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(hashall)184 480 Q -F0(Same as)9.43 E F2<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(histexpand)184 492 Q F0 -(Same as)224 504 Q F2<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(history)184 516 Q F0 .586 -(Enable command history)10 F 3.087(,a)-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587 -(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(HIST)3.087 E -(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .587(This option is) -5.087 F(on by def)224 528 Q(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -(hells.).15 E F2(ignor)184 540 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 552 R -1.657(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF -(IGNOREEOF=10)4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted) -.15 E(\(see)224 564 Q F2(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2 -.1(ke)184 576 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as) -224 588 Q F2<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(monitor)184 600 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F2 -<ad6d>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(noclob)184 612 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 624 Q F2 -<ad43>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(noexec)184 636 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F2<ad6e>2.5 E -F0(.)A F2(noglob)184 648 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F2<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -(nolog)184 660 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F2(notify)184 672 Q F0 -(Same as)15 E F2<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(nounset)184 684 Q F0(Same as)6.66 -E F2<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(onecmd)184 696 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F2<ad74>2.5 -E F0(.)A F2(ph)184 708 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F2<ad50>2.5 E -F0(.)A(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(14)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +.149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .651 +(on systems that support it \(see)184 663.6 R F3 .651(JOB CONTR)3.151 F +(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151(\). All).15 F .65 +(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .678(process group.)184 675.6 R +.679(When a background job completes, the shell prints a line containin\ +g its)5.678 F -.15(ex)184 687.6 S(it status.).15 E F2<ad6e>144 699.6 Q +F0 .653(Read commands b)28.74 F .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.653(cute them.).15 F .652(This may be used to check a shell script for) +5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 711.6 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 +E(14)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 (TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(pipefail)184 84 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)7.77 F -1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.03 -(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 96 R +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6f>144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name) +2.5 E F0(The)184 96 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 +(can be one of the follo)2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 108 Q F0 +(Same as)224 120 Q F1<ad61>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(braceexpand)184 132 Q F0 +(Same as)224 144 Q F1<ad42>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(emacs)184 156 Q F0 .089 +(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)13.9 F 2.589(ace. This) +-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 +(when the shell is interacti)224 168 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 +(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting)3.45 E +F0 2.5(option. This)224 180 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) +-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(err) +184 192 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)11.31 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(errtrace)184 204 Q F0(Same as)5.03 E F1<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace) +184 216 Q F0(Same as)224 228 Q F1<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(hashall)184 240 Q +F0(Same as)9.43 E F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(histexpand)184 252 Q F0 +(Same as)224 264 Q F1<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history)184 276 Q F0 .586 +(Enable command history)10 F 3.087(,a)-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587 +(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 288 Q +(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 +300 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 312 R 1.657 +(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) +4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 +324 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 336 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 348 Q F1 +<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 360 Q F0(Same as)5.56 E F1<ad6d>2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 372 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 384 Q F1<ad43>2.5 E +F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 396 Q F0(Same as)11.12 E F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(noglob)184 408 Q F0(Same as)11.1 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog)184 +420 Q F0(Currently ignored.)16.66 E F1(notify)184 432 Q F0(Same as)15 E +F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 444 Q F0(Same as)6.66 E F1<ad75>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 456 Q F0(Same as)6.67 E F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(ph)184 468 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)5.14 E F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(pipefail)184 480 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)7.77 F 1.029 +(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.03 +(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 492 R 1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 108 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 120 Q F0 +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 504 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 516 Q F0 2.09(Change the beha)17.77 F 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 -(fers from the)-.25 F(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 132 Q -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)A F0(\).)A F1(pri)184 144 Q(vileged) --.1 E F0(Same as)224 156 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 168 S -(rbose).1 E F0(Same as)7.33 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 180 Q F0 -1.466(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 F 3.965 -(ace. This)-.1 F 1.465(also af)3.965 F 1.465(fects the editing)-.25 F -(interf)224 192 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0 -(.)A F1(xtrace)184 204 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 -222 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F2 -(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553 -(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 -234 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0 -3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071 -(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 246 Q F1<ad70> -144 258 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1 +(fers from the)-.25 F 1.212(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 +528 R F2 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F3 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F +F0(belo)3.462 E(w)-.25 E 2.306 +(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 540 R 4.807(wp)-.25 G +2.307(osix mode af)-4.807 F 2.307(fects bash')-.25 F(s)-.55 E(beha)224 +552 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 564 Q(vileged)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 +576 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 588 S(rbose).1 E F0(Same as) +7.33 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 600 Q F0 1.466 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)32.22 F 3.965(ace. This)-.1 +F 1.465(also af)3.965 F 1.465(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 612 Q +(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(xtrace)184 +624 Q F0(Same as)13.35 E F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 642 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 +E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F2(option\255name)3.053 E F0 3.053 +(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553(alues of the current options are printed.) +-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 654 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F +F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0 3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set) +3.571 E F0 1.071(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F +(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 666 Q F1<ad70> +144 678 Q F0 -.45(Tu)28.74 G 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1 (ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV) --.27 E F0 1.072(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 270 R 1.5 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 --.27(BA)184 282 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) -.855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.774 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G -.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 294 R .38 +F3($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.072 +(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 690 R 1.5 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)184 702 S +(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F4(,)A F0 +(and)2.774 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G .524 +(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F +(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 714 R .38 (If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u) --.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461 -(user \(group\) id, and the)184 306 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461 -(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 318 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 -(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70> -2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 330 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G -.386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886 -F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F -(set to the real user and group ids.)184 342 Q F1<ad74>144 354 Q F0 -(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.).15 -E F1<ad75>144 366 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .044(eat unset v).35 F .044(aria\ -bles and parameters other than the special parameters "@" and "*" as an) --.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 378 R 2.682 -(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.682 G .183 -(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746 -(able or parameter)184 390 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 +-.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F 2.196 +(user \(group\) id, and the)184 726 R F1<ad70>4.696 E F0 2.196 +(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)4.696 F 2.196(en and the) +-.1 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 16 16 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(ef)184 84 Q +(fecti)-.25 E 1.667 -.15(ve u)-.25 H 1.367 +(ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F 1.367(If the)6.367 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad70>3.867 E F0 1.366 +(option is supplied at startup, the)3.866 F(ef)184 96 Q(fecti)-.25 E +.708 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .408(ser id is not reset.).15 F -.45(Tu)5.409 G +.409(rning this option of).45 F 2.909(fc)-.25 G .409(auses the ef)-2.909 +F(fecti)-.25 E .709 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .409(ser and group).15 F +(ids to be set to the real user and group ids.)184 108 Q F1<ad74>144 120 +Q F0(Exit after reading and e)30.97 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting one command.).15 E F1<ad75>144 132 Q F0 -.35(Tr)28.74 G .044 +(eat unset v).35 F .044(ariables and parameters other than the special \ +parameters "@" and "*" as an)-.25 F .182 +(error when performing parameter e)184 144 R 2.682(xpansion. If)-.15 F +-.15(ex)2.682 G .183(pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 +E .746(able or parameter)184 156 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 (he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184 -402 Q F1<ad76>144 414 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya) --.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 426 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315 -(xpanding each)-.15 F F2 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo) -2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E -F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236(or arithmetic)184 438 R F1 --.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236 -(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0(follo) -3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 450 Q +168 Q F1<ad76>144 180 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)29.3 E 2.5(ya) +-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 192 Q F0 .315(After e)29.3 F .315 +(xpanding each)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .315(simple command)2.815 +F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E +F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236 +(or arithmetic)184 204 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236 +(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of) +-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS4)3.736 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 +(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 216 Q (xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -<ad42>144 462 Q F0 2.578(The shell performs brace e)27.63 F 2.578 +<ad42>144 228 Q F0 2.578(The shell performs brace e)27.63 F 2.578 (xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 474 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 486 Q F0 .214(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.714 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 240 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 252 Q F0 .214(If set,)27.08 F F1(bash)2.714 E F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 (xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F -3.053(tors. This)184 498 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +3.053(tors. This)184 264 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) -.15 F(tor)184 510 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -<ad45>144 522 Q F0 .104(If set, an)27.63 F 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104(rap on) +.15 F(tor)184 276 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +<ad45>144 288 Q F0 .104(If set, an)27.63 F 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104(rap on) -2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103 (is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604 -F .838(mands e)184 534 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F .838(mands e)184 300 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 546 Q F1 -<ad48>144 558 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 312 Q F1 +<ad48>144 324 Q F0(Enable)26.52 E F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 (style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 -F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 570 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 582 Q F0 1.164 -(If set, the shell does not follo)28.19 F 3.664(ws)-.25 G 1.164 -(ymbolic links when e)-3.664 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165 -(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.665 E F0 2.822 -(that change the current w)184 594 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 +F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 336 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 348 Q F0 .959 +(If set, the shell does not resolv)28.19 F 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 +(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 +(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 2.822 +(that change the current w)184 360 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 (.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821 -(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 606 R(def)2.685 +(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 372 R(def)2.685 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 618 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 -630 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 384 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 +396 Q F0 .89(If set, an)27.63 F 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 642 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 408 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 654 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 666 Q +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 420 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 432 Q F0 .401(If no ar)28.6 F .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 (his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 678 Q F2 +(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 444 Q F2 (ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G (ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144 -690 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2 +456 Q F0 1.944(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)34.3 F F2 (ar)4.444 E(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G -1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 702 R +1.945(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 468 R F1<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945 (options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no) 3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B -(parameters remain unchanged.)184 714 Q .425(The options are of)144 -730.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 +(parameters remain unchanged.)184 480 Q .425(The options are of)144 +496.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 -(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 -768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 16 16 +(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 508.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) +-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 +(current set of options may be found in)144 520.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F +(is encountered.)144 532.8 Q F1(shift)108 549.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 561.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 +.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G +.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 573.6 Q F1($#)2.582 +E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 585.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 +.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F +(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 597.6 R +.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 +.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 609.6 Q F1(shopt)108 626.4 Q F0([) +2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 638.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 +(alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E +5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 +(listed belo)144 650.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H +2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375 +(option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 +F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 3.326(mand. W)144 662.4 R .826 +(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>3.326 E F0 .825 +(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.326 F +.945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 674.4 R(The)5.945 E +F1<ad70>3.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form) +3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 686.4 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 698.4 Q +F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 710.4 +Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A +(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(16)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .178 -(to be turned of)144 84 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 -(options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) --.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 96 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa) --.1 G .066(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 108 Q F1(shift)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 -136.8 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 .429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....) -2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G .428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F -(bers)144 148.8 Q F1($#)2.582 E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#) -2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082 -(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H -.083(umber less than or equal to).15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f) --5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 160.8 -R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06 -(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06 -(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143 -(positional parameters are not changed.)144 172.8 R .144 -(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 .144 -(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 184.8 Q F1(shopt)108 201.6 Q F0([) -2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 213.6 S .222(ggle the v).8 F .222 -(alues of v)-.25 F .222(ariables controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F -(vior)-.2 E 5.222(.W)-.55 G .222(ith no options, or with the)-5.622 F F1 -<ad70>2.722 E F0 .721(option, a list of all settable options is display\ -ed, with an indication of whether or not each is set.)144 225.6 R(The) -144 237.6 Q F1<ad70>2.828 E F0 .327(option causes output to be displaye\ -d in a form that may be reused as input.)2.828 F .327(Other options) -5.327 F(ha)144 249.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:) --.25 E F1<ad73>144 261.6 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)26.41 E F2(optname)2.5 -E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 273.6 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)24.74 E F2 -(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 285.6 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal out\ -put \(quiet mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F F2 -(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 297.6 R .256 -(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad71>144 84 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet\ + mode\); the return status indicates whether the)24.74 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 +96 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256 (guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1 -<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F -(all)180 309.6 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.) -2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 321.6 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2 +<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F +(all)180 108 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 +E F1<ad6f>144 120 Q F0(Restricts the v)25.3 E(alues of)-.25 E F2 (optname)2.5 E F0(to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0 -(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .127 -(If either)144 338.4 R F1<ad73>2.627 E F0(or)2.627 E F1<ad75>2.627 E F0 -.127(is used with no)2.627 F F2(optname)2.627 E F0(ar)2.627 E .127 -(guments, the display is limited to those options which)-.18 F 1.024 -(are set or unset, respecti)144 350.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 6.024 -(.U)-.65 G 1.024(nless otherwise noted, the)-6.024 F F1(shopt)3.523 E F0 -1.023(options are disabled \(unset\) by)3.523 F(def)144 362.4 Q(ault.) --.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 -379.2 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) -4.045 F .696 +(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625 +(If either)144 136.8 R F1<ad73>3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 +.624(is used with no)3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,) +-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 E F0(sho)3.124 E .624 +(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233(set or unset, respecti)144 +148.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U)-.65 G 2.234 +(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 2.234 +(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 160.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E +1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 177.6 R +F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.044 F +.696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 391.2 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695 -(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 403.2 Q(The list of)144 420 Q F1(shopt) -2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 438 Q F0 .199 +144 189.6 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696 +(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 201.6 Q(The list of)144 218.4 Q F1(shopt) +2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 236.4 Q F0 .2 (If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)11.11 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 450 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ment to the)184 248.4 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1(cdable_v)144 462 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 474 R .156 -(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 +F1(cdable_v)144 260.4 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 272.4 R .155 +(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 486 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 498 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 284.4 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 296.4 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a) -10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 -(corrected. The)184 510 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 -(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .552(one character too man)184 522 R 4.352 -.65(y. I) --.15 H 3.052(fac).65 G .552 -(orrection is found, the corrected \214le name is printed, and)-3.052 F -(the command proceeds.)184 534 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5 -E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 546 Q F0 2.08 -(If set,)184 558 R F1(bash)4.58 E F0 2.079 -(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.58 F 2.079 -(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 570 S(cute it.).15 E +10.55 F F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 +(corrected. The)184 308.4 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 +(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) +-.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 320.4 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +-.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 +(orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F +(the command proceeds.)184 332.4 Q +(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F1(checkhash)144 344.4 Q F0 2.079(If set,)184 356.4 R F1(bash) +4.579 E F0 2.079(checks that a command found in the hash table e)4.579 F +2.08(xists before trying to)-.15 F -.15(exe)184 368.4 S(cute it.).15 E (If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 582 Q -F0 .448(If set,)184 594 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 -(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 -(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 606 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G -.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938 -(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 -(attempted without an interv)184 618 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 630 Q -.1(wa)-.1 -G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 642 Q F0 .797(If set,)184 -654 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G -.796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G -.796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 666 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 E -F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist)144 -678 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202(attempts to sa) -3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 380.4 +Q F0 .449(If set,)184 392.4 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 +(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 +(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 404.4 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G +.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 +(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 +(attempted without an interv)184 416.4 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 +F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 428.4 Q -.1(wa) +-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G +(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 440.4 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 +452.4 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G +.797(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G +.797(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 464.4 S(lues of).25 E F3(LINES)2.5 +E F0(and)2.25 E F3(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist) +144 476.4 Q F0 1.202(If set,)6.11 F F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 +(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 -690 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E -(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 702 Q -F0 .42(If set,)184 714 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 F -.419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar) --.15 F(guments)-.18 E(to the)184 726 Q F1([[)2.5 E F0 -(conditional command')2.5 E(s)-.55 E F1(=~)2.5 E F0(operator)2.5 E(.) --.55 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(16)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 17 17 +488.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E +(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 500.4 +Q F0 .419(If set,)184 512.4 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha) +2.919 F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42 +(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .462(to the) +184 524.4 R F1([[)2.962 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E +F1(=~)2.962 E F0 .462 +(operator and locale-speci\214c string comparison when)2.962 F .71 +(using the)184 536.4 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F +(s)-.55 E F1(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash) +3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .821 +(use ASCII collation and)184 548.4 R F2(str)3.321 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821 +(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 3.32(sc)-.55 G +(ollation)-3.32 E(sequence and)184 560.4 Q F2(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0 +(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 572.4 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 584.4 R F1 +(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v) +-.2 F 1.41(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .423 +(string comparison when using the)184 596.4 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422 +(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>) +2.922 E F0 .422(operators \(see pre-)2.922 F(vious item\).)184 608.4 Q +F1(compat40)144 620.4 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 632.4 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 +1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 +(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.008 +(string comparison when using the)184 644.4 R F1([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 +(conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.507 E F0(and)4.507 E F1(>) +4.507 E F0 2.007(operators \(see)4.507 F .769(description of)184 656.4 R +F1(compat31)3.269 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 +(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .77(Bash v)5.77 F(ersions) +-.15 E .087(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 +668.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.586(dt).15 G .086(he interrupt; pre)-2.586 F +.086(vious v)-.25 F .086(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 680.4 +Q(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 692.4 Q F0 1.483 +(If set,)184 704.4 R F1(bash)3.983 E F0 3.983(,w)C 1.483(hen in)-3.983 F +F2(posix)3.983 E F0 1.484 +(mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)3.983 F -.15 +(ex)184 716.4 S .959(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.959(.T)-.55 +G .958(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.959 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.458 +(nn).15 G .958(umber\) and)-3.458 F .59 +(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 +728.4 R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F(GNU Bash-4.2)72 +768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(17)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 18 18 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat32)144 84 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash) -3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F -1.41(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 1.266 -(string comparison when using the)184 108 R F1([[)3.766 E F0 1.266 -(conditional command')3.766 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)3.766 E F0(and)3.766 E F1(>) -3.766 E F0 3.765(operators. Bash)3.765 F -.15(ve)184 120 S .512 -(rsions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation and).15 F/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)3.012 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 .513 -(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the).19 F(current locale')184 132 Q 2.5 -(sc)-.55 G(ollation sequence and)-2.5 E F2(str)2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0 -(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat40)144 144 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash) -3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F -1.409(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .422 -(string comparison when using the)184 168 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422 -(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>) -2.923 E F0 .423(operators \(see pre-)2.923 F(vious item\) and the ef)184 -180 Q(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 E F1(compat41)144 192 Q -F0 1.232(@item compat41 If set,)184 204 R F1(bash)3.732 E F0 3.732(,w)C -1.232(hen in posix mode, treats a single quote in a double-)-3.732 F -1.213(quoted parameter e)184 216 R 1.213 -(xpansion as a special character)-.15 F 6.213(.T)-.55 G 1.214 -(he single quotes must match \(an)-6.213 F -2.15 -.25(ev e)184 228 T -2.949(nn).25 G .448(umber\) and the characters between the single quote\ -s are considered quoted.)-2.949 F(This)5.448 E .062(is the beha)184 240 -R .062(vior of posix mode through v)-.2 F .062(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .062 -(The def)5.062 F .062(ault bash beha)-.1 F .063(vior remains as)-.2 F -(in pre)184 252 Q(vious v)-.25 E(ersions.)-.15 E F1(dirspell)144 264 Q -F0 .859(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858 -(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .59 +(posix mode through v)184 84 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def) +5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .589 +(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(compat42)144 108 Q F0 1.796(If set,)184 120 R F1(bash)4.296 E F0 1.796 +(does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution w) +4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 132 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25 +(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 144 Q F0 .654(If set,)184 +156 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214le\ +names and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524 +(forming completion.)184 168 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F1(bash)4.024 E +F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 +(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\ +haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184 +180 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 192 R .028 +(ariable references in w)-.25 F .029(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .029 +(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 204 R 1.073 +(ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 +(xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 +(ev e)184 216 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 +(ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F +6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.123(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 +(only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 +228 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 240 Q +(ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E +(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F1(dir)144 252 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .486 +(If set,)184 264 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 +(replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F +.487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 +276 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F +(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,) +184 288 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 300 Q F0 .858(If set,)7.77 F +F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 +(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 (ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 276 Q(xist.)-.15 E -F1(dotglob)144 288 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 312 Q(xist.)-.15 E +F1(dotglob)144 324 Q F0 .165(If set,)7.77 F F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 (includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i) -.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 300 Q F0 1.387 -(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.687 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386 +(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail)144 336 Q F0 1.386 +(If set, a non-interacti)7.79 F 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386 (hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 312 Q +1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 348 Q (gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 -E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 324 Q F0 -.716(If set, aliases are e)184 336 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 -F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E -/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .717(This option is enabled)5.217 F -(by def)184 348 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 360 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 372 Q +E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 360 Q F0 +.717(If set, aliases are e)184 372 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 +F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E +/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F +(by def)184 384 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F1(extdeb)144 396 Q(ug)-.2 E F0(If set, beha)184 408 Q (vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 -384 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.251 E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1 +420 Q F0(The)28.5 E F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1 (declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 (iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 396 Q -(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 408 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 432 Q +(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 444 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F -1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 420 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 432 Q F0 .841 -(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 -(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 -(exe)220 444 S .488 +1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 456 +Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 468 Q F0 .84 +(If the command run by the)28.5 F F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 +(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 +(exe)220 480 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 456 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1 --.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1(4.)184 468 Q -F3 -.27(BA)28.5 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.154 E F3 -.27(BA)3.404 G +(sour)220 492 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltins\), a call to).2 E F1 +-.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(is simulated.)2.5 E F1(4.)184 504 Q +F2 -.27(BA)28.5 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G (SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904(are updated as described in their descriptions) -3.154 F(abo)220 480 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 492 Q F0 1.359 +3.154 F(abo)220 516 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 528 Q F0 1.359 (Function tracing is enabled:)28.5 F 1.359 (command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)6.359 F(shells in)220 -504 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F2 -(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0 -(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 516 Q F0 .805 -(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .804 -(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.805 F(in)220 528 -Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F2 +540 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F4 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1 +(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.) +184 552 Q F0 .804(Error tracing is enabled:)28.5 F .805 +(command substitution, shell functions, and subshells)5.804 F(in)220 564 +Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 (command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.) -2.5 E F1(extglob)144 540 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4 +2.5 E F1(extglob)144 576 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)8.89 F .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 552 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 564 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 576 R -F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F2(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 -E F0(")A F2(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) --4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F2(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G -(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 588 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 600 Q F0 -1.424(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425 -(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.425 -(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 612 S(pansion error).15 E(.) --.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 624 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.937(If set, the suf)184 636 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) --.15 F F3(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) --.25 F .936(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 648 R .32 +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 588 Q +F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 600 Q F0 2.473(If set,)184 612 R +F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 +E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) +-4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G +(pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 624 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 636 Q F0 +1.425(If set, patterns which f)7.77 F 1.425 +(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424 +(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 648 S(pansion error).15 E(.) +-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 660 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 +.936(If set, the suf)184 672 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +-.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) +-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 684 R .32 (ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 -(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.948 -(pletions. See)184 660 R F3 .448(SHELL V)2.948 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 -(abo)2.698 E .748 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F3 -(FIGNORE)2.947 E F4(.)A F0 .447(This option is)4.947 F(enabled by def) -184 672 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globstar)144 684 Q F0 .178(If set, the pattern) -5 F F1(**)2.678 E F0 .178(used in a pathname e)2.678 F .178 -(xpansion conte)-.15 F .179(xt will match a \214les and zero or)-.15 F -1.298(more directories and subdirectories.)184 696 R 1.298 -(If the pattern is follo)6.298 F 1.298(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)3.797 E F0 -3.797(,o)C 1.297(nly directories)-3.797 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -708 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(17)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 18 18 +(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947 +(pletions. See)184 696 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 +(abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 +(FIGNORE)2.948 E F3(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 F(enabled by def) +184 708 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(18) +198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 19 19 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 (TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(gnu_errfmt)144 84 Q F0(If set, shell error messages ar\ -e written in the standard GNU error message format.)184 96 Q F1 -(histappend)144 108 Q F0 .676 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(globasciiranges)144 84 Q F0 2.519(If set, range e)184 +96 R 2.519(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e) +-.1 F 2.518(xpressions \(see)-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.09(Pa)5.018 G +(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E(Matching)184 108 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.214(\)b).15 G(eha)-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214 +(fi)-3.214 G 3.214(nt)-3.214 G .714 +(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.)-3.214 F 1.02 +(That is, the current locale')184 120 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 +(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F F1 +(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 132 R F1(A) +3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F +.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 +(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 144 Q(.)-.55 E +F1(globstar)144 156 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)5 F F1(**)3.019 E F0 +.519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 +(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 +(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 168 R .431 +(If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 +2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 +180 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 192 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ +en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 204 Q F1(histappend)144 +216 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -120 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.177 E F0 --.25(va)2.927 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 132 Q -(xits, rather than o)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1 -(histr)144 144 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .576(If set, and)184 156 R F1 -.18(re) -3.076 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.076 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .575(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F -.575(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 168 Q F1(histv)144 180 Q -(erify)-.1 E F0 .402(If set, and)184 192 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 -E F0 .403 +228 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F2(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G +(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 240 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 252 Q(eedit)-.18 +E F0 .575(If set, and)184 264 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 +(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576 +(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F +(tory substitution.)184 276 Q F1(histv)144 288 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 +(If set, and)184 300 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .662(passed to the shell parser)184 204 R 5.662(.I)-.55 G .661 -(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.662 F F1 -.18(re)3.161 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.161 E -.2(bu)184 216 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 312 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 324 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 228 Q F0 1.181(If set, and)184 240 R F1 -.18(re)3.681 -G(adline).18 E F0 1.181(is being used,)3.681 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.182 -(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.682 F 1.381(when a w)184 -252 R 1.381(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 -(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.88 E F0(under)3.88 E -F2(READLINE)3.88 E F0(abo)184 264 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 276 Q F0(If set,) -184 288 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +(hostcomplete)144 336 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 348 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 +(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 +360 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E +F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 372 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 384 Q F0(If set,) +184 396 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 300 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 -.33(If set, allo)184 312 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(interacti)144 408 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 +.33(If set, allo)184 420 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 (ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 (ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 -(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 324 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 +(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 432 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F(enabled by def)184 336 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 348 Q F0 1.211 +G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 444 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 456 Q F0 1.212 (If set, and job control is not acti)6.66 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.712(,t).15 G 1.212(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not)-3.712 F -.15 -(exe)184 360 S(cuted in the background in the current shell en).15 E -(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 372 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)15.55 F -F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 +(exe)184 468 S(cuted in the background in the current shell en).15 E +(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 480 Q F0 .654(If set, and the)15.55 F +F1(cmdhist)3.154 E F0 .654 (option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F -(with embedded ne)184 384 Q +3.155(dt).15 G 3.155(ot)-3.155 G .655(he history)-3.155 F +(with embedded ne)184 492 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(login_shell)144 396 Q F0 .486 +(login_shell)144 504 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -408 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 420 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 432 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 -444 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 -(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F --.1(wa)184 456 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +516 R F2(INV)2.986 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.736 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.986(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 528 S(lue may not be changed.).25 +E F1(mailwar)144 540 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .814(If set, and a \214le that)184 +552 R F1(bash)3.314 E F0 .815 +(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.314 F +-.1(wa)184 564 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E (`The mail in)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 (has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 -(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 468 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 480 R F1 -.18 -(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E -F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 492 Q F1 -(nocaseglob)144 504 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 516 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 -(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 528 S +(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 576 Q F0 .325(If set, and)184 588 R F1 -.18 +(re)2.825 G(adline).18 E F0 .325(is being used,)2.825 F F1(bash)2.824 E +F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.824 G(TH) +-.189 E F0 .324(for possible)2.574 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 600 Q F1 +(nocaseglob)144 612 Q F0 .436(If set,)184 624 R F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436 +(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.936 F .737 -.15(ve f)-.25 +H .437(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 636 S (pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 540 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 -552 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) -3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 -F(while e)184 564 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 -E F1([[)2.5 E F0(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 576 Q F0 -.855(If set,)184 588 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo)3.355 E .855 -(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.354 G .854 -(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354(\)t).15 G(o) --3.354 E -.15(ex)184 600 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) -.15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 612 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676 -(If set, the programmable completion f)184 624 R .677(acilities \(see) --.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E(are enabled.)184 636 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 648 Q(omptv) --.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448(If set, prompt strings under)184 660 R 1.448 -(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.447(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) --.15 F -.15(ex)184 672 S .17(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 -G 2.67(la).25 G .17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in) --.15 F F2(PR)2.671 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 -E(This option is enabled by def)184 684 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 696 -S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 -(The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 708 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 720 Q 4.178 -(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)4.178 G 1.678(lue may not be changed.).25 F -1.678(This is not reset when the startup \214les are)6.678 F -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 19 19 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 648 Q F0 1.194(If set,)184 +660 R F1(bash)3.694 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) +3.694 F 1.493 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.193(ashion when performing matching).05 +F(while e)184 672 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 +E F1([[)2.5 E F0(conditional commands.)2.5 E F1(nullglob)144 684 Q F0 +.854(If set,)184 696 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo)3.354 E .855 +(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.355 G .855 +(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.355 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.355(\)t).15 G(o) +-3.355 E -.15(ex)184 708 S(pand to a null string, rather than themselv) +.15 E(es.)-.15 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(19)198.725 +E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 20 20 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -.15(exe)184 -84 S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(shift_v)144 96 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 -108 R F1(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 -(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501 -(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 120 Q F1(sour) -144 132 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 144 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce) --.18 E F0(\()3.27 E F1(.)A F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 F -.771(alue of)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 -.771(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F -(\214le supplied as an ar)184 156 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F -(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 168 Q F0 -(If set, the)184 180 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E -(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) -108 192 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 204 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 -(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 216 R F1<ad66> -2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 -(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) -5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 228 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1 -<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 E -F1(test)108 240 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 -252 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 1.15 -(Return a status of 0 or 1 depending on the e)6.77 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.15 -(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)3.65 G -(pr).2 E F0 6.15(.E).73 G(ach)-6.15 E 1.187 -(operator and operand must be a separate ar)144 264 R 3.688 -(gument. Expressions)-.18 F 1.188(are composed of the primaries)3.688 F -1.89(described abo)144 276 R 2.19 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -(CONDITION)4.39 E 1.89(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F1(test)6.39 E F0 1.889(does not accept an)4.389 F 4.389(yo)-.15 G 1.889 -(ptions, nor)-4.389 F(does it accept and ignore an ar)144 288 Q -(gument of)-.18 E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 -E .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 306 R .786 -(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.412 -(dence. The)144 318 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 -(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F -4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 330 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) --2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 342 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)12.6 G(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.)-.1 -E F1(\()144 354 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26 -(Returns the v)6.77 F .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(pr)144 84 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677 +(If set, the programmable completion f)184 96 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 +F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.176 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E(are enabled.)184 108 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(pr)144 120 Q(omptv) +-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447(If set, prompt strings under)184 132 R 1.448 +(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic) +-.15 F -.15(ex)184 144 S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 +G 2.67(la).25 G .17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in) +-.15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 156 Q(ault.)-.1 E +F1 -.18(re)144 168 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +(The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) +184 180 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 192 Q 4.178 +(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)4.178 G 1.678(lue may not be changed.).25 F +1.678(This is not reset when the startup \214les are)6.678 F -.15(exe) +184 204 S(cuted, allo).15 E(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E +F1(shift_v)144 216 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 228 R F1 +(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 +(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 240 Q F1(sour) +144 252 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 264 R F1(sour)3.271 E +(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) +-3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 +(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) +184 276 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.) +-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 288 Q F0(If set, the)184 300 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 +-.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 +E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 316.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.001 +(Suspend the e)144 328.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 +(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G +F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) +3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 340.8 R F1<ad66>2.523 E F0 .023 +(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) +5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 352.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 +E F1(test)108 369.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) +108 381.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 +(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)6.77 F .878 +(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 +(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 393.6 +S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 +(ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 +(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.079 +(primaries described abo)144 405.6 R 3.379 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E +F2(CONDITION)5.579 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.08(does not accept an)5.58 F(y)-.15 E +(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 417.6 Q(gument of)-.18 +E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .786 +(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 435.6 R .785 +(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411 +(dence. The)144 447.6 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 +(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F +4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F +(used when there are \214v)144 459.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G +(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 471.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E +F0 -.35(Tr)12.6 G(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E +(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 483.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 +.26(Returns the v)6.77 F .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 366 Q F3 -.2(ex) -144 378 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 390 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3 --.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 402 S(pr1).2 E -F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 414 S -(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 430.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E -F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 495.6 Q F3 -.2 +(ex)144 507.6 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 +-.35(Tr)180 519.6 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 +E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 531.6 S +(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 +543.6 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 +(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 560.4 Q F0(and)2.5 E +F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 448.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 460.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 472.8 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 484.8 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 578.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 590.4 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 602.4 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 614.4 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 496.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 508.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +E 2.5(2a)144 626.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 638.4 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 520.8 R .38 -(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 532.8 Q .553 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 650.4 R .38 +(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 662.4 Q .552 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 -(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 544.8 Q +(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 674.4 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 556.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 568.8 R .236 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 686.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 698.4 R .236 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 580.8 R 1.155 -.15 +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 710.4 R 1.155 -.15 (ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 592.8 R .578(xpression i\ +F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 722.4 R .578(xpression i\ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 604.8 R(The)6.333 E F1<ad61>3.833 -E F0(and)3.833 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.332 -(operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 616.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 -F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F -.558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F -(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 -628.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52 -(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 -F(ar)180 640.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 -2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 -(gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E -(wise, the e)180 652.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 -664.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 676.8 R -.385(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 -(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384(tion of the three-ar) -.05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.647 -(posed of the remaining ar)180 688.8 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F -1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 -G(luated).25 E(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 -700.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 -E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 20 20 +(guments)-.18 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E +0 Cg EP +%%Page: 21 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 2.5(5o)144 -84 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 96 R -1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 -(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 108 -Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 126 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(test)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0 -(and)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E -(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 142.8 Q F0 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 1.332 +(as operands.)180 84 R(The)6.332 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>3.832 E F0 +(and)3.832 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.333 +(operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 +(three ar)180 96 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F +.558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558 +(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F(o-ar)-.1 +E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 108 R 3.021 +(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521(gument is e)-.18 F +(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third)3.021 F(ar)180 120 Q +.485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485 +(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485(gument test of the second ar)-.18 +F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E(wise, the e)180 132 Q +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 144 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 156 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1 +(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G .385(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385 +(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 168 R 4.147 +(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647 +(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E +(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 180 Q -.15(ve) +-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 192 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 +E 1.635(The e)180 204 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va) +-.25 G 1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F +(abo)180 216 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 234 Q F1(test) +2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 +E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E +(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 250.8 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ - processes run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 154.8 -Q F1(trap)108 171.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10 + processes run from the shell.)13.23 F(The return status is 0.)144 262.8 +Q F1(trap)108 279.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.703(The command)144 183.6 R F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703 -(is to be read and e)3.423 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 -(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.202(ss).15 G -(ignal\(s\))-3.202 E F2(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G(f)-5.702 E F2 -(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608(absent \(and there is a single) -144 195.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E +.702(The command)144 291.6 R F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702 +(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 +(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203(ss).15 G +(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F2 +(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609(absent \(and there is a single) +144 303.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.659(\(the v)144 207.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 +.658(\(the v)144 315.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 (is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 219.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) -3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E -F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F1<ad70>3.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 231.6 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 243.6 R F1<ad70>3.36 +144.34 327.6 Q F0 .581 +(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G +-.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 +(is not present and)3.3 F F1<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 339.6 R +F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 351.6 R F1<ad70>3.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 255.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ -to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 -(bers. Each)144 267.6 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.811 -(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E -(names are case insensiti)144 279.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.649 -(If a)144 297.6 R F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(EXIT)4.149 E F0 -1.649(\(0\) the command)3.899 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) -4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.) --.15 F 1.648(If a)6.648 F F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(DEB)144 -309.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F -F2(ar)3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 -(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.168(simple command) -3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.668 E F0(command,)3.668 E F2(case)3.668 E F0 -(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 321.6 Q F2(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e) -2.647 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.647 E F0 .146 -(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 -(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 333.6 R F3 .145 -(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 345.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 -G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E -(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E -F3(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 357.6 Q F2(ar) -3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 +(signal. The)144 363.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F +4.311(bers. Each)144 375.6 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81 +(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E +(names are case insensiti)144 387.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648 +(If a)144 405.6 R F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(EXIT)4.148 E F0 +1.648(\(0\) the command)3.898 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) +4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.) +-.15 F 1.649(If a)6.649 F F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 +417.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F +F2(ar)3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 +(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.167(simple command) +3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F2(case)3.667 E F0 +(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 429.6 Q F2(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e) +2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.646 E F0 .147 +(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 +(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 441.6 R F3 .146 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 +F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 453.6 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7 +(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG) +-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3 +(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 465.6 Q F2(ar) +3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.644(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F1(sour)3.144 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 369.6 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuting.).15 E .929(If a)144 387.6 R F2(sigspec)3.769 E F0(is) -3.739 E F3(ERR)3.429 E F4(,)A F0 .929(the command)3.179 F F2(ar)3.759 E -(g)-.37 E F0 .929(is e)3.649 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .929(cuted whene).15 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.429(ras).15 G .928(imple command has a non\255zero) --3.429 F -.15(ex)144 399.6 S 1.008(it status, subject to the follo).15 F -1.009(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)6.009 E F3(ERR)3.509 E F0 1.009 -(trap is not e)3.259 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.009(cuted if the f).15 F 1.009 -(ailed com-)-.1 F .324 -(mand is part of the command list immediately follo)144 411.6 R .324 -(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.824 E F0(or)2.824 E F1(until)2.824 E F0 -.1 -(ke)2.824 G(yw)-.05 E .324(ord, part of the test)-.1 F .151(in an)144 -423.6 R F2(if)2.661 E F0 .151(statement, part of a command e)4.611 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .151(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)2.651 E F0(or)2.651 E F1(||) -2.651 E F0 .151(list, or if the command')2.651 F 2.651(sr)-.55 G .151 -(eturn v)-2.651 F(alue)-.25 E(is being in)144 435.6 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G -(rted via).15 E F1(!)2.5 E F0 5(.T)C(hese are the same conditions obe)-5 -E(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(option.)2.5 E 1.095 +.643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 477.6 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .521(If a)144 495.6 R F2(sigspec)3.361 E F0(is) +3.331 E F3(ERR)3.021 E F4(,)A F0 .522(the command)2.771 F F2(ar)3.352 E +(g)-.37 E F0 .522(is e)3.242 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .522(cuted whene).15 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.022(raap).15 G .522(ipeline \(which may consist of a) +-3.022 F .185(single simple command\), a list, or a compound command re\ +turns a non\255zero e)144 507.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F +.451(the follo)144 519.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3 +(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451 +(cuted if the f).15 F .452(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 +(mand list immediately follo)144 531.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) +2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.897 E F0 .387 +(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 543.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 +(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 +3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 555.6 R +1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v) +-3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F +F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 567.6 Q +(yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0 2.5 +(\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E 1.095 (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -453.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 -(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 465.6 R .662 -(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is) --.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 477.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) +585.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 +(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 597.6 R .662 +(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is) +-.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 609.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) -.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G (lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 -494.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 506.4 S .174 -(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name) -3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 -(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F -F1<ad74>144 518.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0 +626.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 +(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 638.4 S .173 +(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name) +3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 +(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F +F1<ad74>144 650.4 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0 .843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0 -(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2 -(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 530.4 Q F0 .087 -(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 -(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2 -(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 542.4 R .118 -(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F -F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 554.4 R .855 +(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2 +(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 662.4 Q F0 .086 +(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 +(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2 +(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 674.4 R .118 +(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F +F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 686.4 R .855 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 -.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144 -566.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641 -(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1 -<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 578.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e) -C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 -F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113 -(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1<ad70> -2.612 E F0(and)144 590.4 Q F1<ad50>2.944 E F0 .444(print the hashed v) -2.944 F .444(alue, not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in) --.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.945 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .445(If the)4.945 F F1 -<ad61>2.945 E F0(option)2.945 E .265(is used,)144 602.4 R F1(type)2.765 -E F0 .265(prints all of the places that contain an e)2.765 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .265(cutable named).15 F F2(name)2.765 E F0 5.265(.T).18 G .265 -(his includes aliases)-5.265 F .426(and functions, if and only if the) -144 614.4 R F1<ad70>2.926 E F0 .426(option is not also used.)2.926 F -.427(The table of hashed commands is not)5.426 F .549 -(consulted when using)144 626.4 R F1<ad61>3.049 E F0 5.549(.T)C(he) --5.549 E F1<ad66>3.049 E F0 .548 -(option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the)3.049 F F1 -(command)3.048 E F0 -.2(bu)144 638.4 S(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5 E F0 -(returns true if all of the ar)2.5 E(guments are found, f)-.18 E -(alse if an)-.1 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re not found.)-2.5 E F1(ulimit)108 655.2 -Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 667.2 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 +.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if) +144 698.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 +G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E +F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 +E F0 .112(search for each)144 710.4 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15 +(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0 +-.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I) +.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E +F0(and)144 722.4 Q F1<ad50>3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F +.73(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in) +-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F +(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 22 22 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>144 84 Q F0 1.748(option is used,)4.248 F F1(type) +4.248 E F0 1.748(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.748(cutable named).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)4.249 +E F0 6.749(.T).18 G(his)-6.749 E .744 +(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 96 R F1<ad70> +3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .743 +(The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) +144 108 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0 +1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the) +144 120 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.326 +E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 +(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325 +(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 132 Q F1(ulimit)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(\255HST)A(abcde\214lmnpqrstuvx)-.92 E F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A F0(]])A +(Pro)144 160.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 +G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 679.2 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F +.944(that allo)144 172.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F (The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 691.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +144 184.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 703.2 R .426 +ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 196.8 R .426 (alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425 (is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -715.2 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +208.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.742(of the special v)144 727.2 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 +.742(of the special v)144 220.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 (soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) -C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F -(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 21 21 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .78 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 84 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 +C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 96 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -<ad48>2.999 E F0 .499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When) -.15 F .498(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 108 Q 2.5(alue. Other) --.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 120 -Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F2<ad62>144 132 Q F0 -(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E F2<ad63> -144 144 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E F2<ad64> -144 156 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G -(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F2<ad65>144 168 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F2<ad66>144 180 Q F0 -(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)26.97 -E F2<ad69>144 192 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)27.52 E F2 -<ad6c>144 204 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E -(ed into memory)-.1 E F2<ad6d>144 216 Q F0 +F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 244.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0 +.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 +(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F +(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 256.8 Q 2.5 +(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 +<ad61>144 268.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)25.3 E F1<ad62>144 +280.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)24.74 E(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E +F1<ad63>144 292.8 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)25.86 E +F1<ad64>144 304.8 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')24.74 E 2.5(sd) +-.55 G(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 316.8 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))25.86 E F1<ad66>144 328.8 Q +F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children) +26.97 E F1<ad69>144 340.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals) +27.52 E F1<ad6c>144 352.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)27.52 E +(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 364.8 Q F0 (The maximum resident set size \(man)21.97 E 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F2<ad6e>144 228 Q F0 .791(The \ -maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) +(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 376.8 Q F0 .791(Th\ +e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) 24.74 F 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F -(be set\))180 240 Q F2<ad70>144 252 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F2 -<ad71>144 264 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) -24.74 E F2<ad72>144 276 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority) -25.86 E F2<ad73>144 288 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F2<ad74>144 -300 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F2<ad75>144 -312 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F2<ad76>144 324 Q F0 .47 +(be set\))180 388.8 Q F1<ad70>144 400.8 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))24.74 E F1 +<ad71>144 412.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)24.74 E F1<ad72>144 +424.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)25.86 E F1<ad73>144 +436.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)26.41 E F1<ad74>144 448.8 Q F0 +(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)26.97 E F1<ad75>144 460.8 Q +F0(The maximum number of processes a)24.74 E -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 472.8 Q F0 .47 (The maximum amount of virtual memory a)25.3 F -.25(va)-.2 G .47 -(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 336 -Q F2<ad78>144 348 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E F2 -<ad54>144 360 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 376.8 Q -F1(limit)2.933 E F0 .343(is gi)3.523 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .343 -(n, it is the ne).15 F 2.843(wv)-.25 G .343 -(alue of the speci\214ed resource \(the)-3.093 F F2<ad61>2.843 E F0 .343 -(option is display only\).)2.843 F .343(If no)5.343 F .176(option is gi) -144 388.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .176(n, then).15 F F2<ad66>2.676 E F0 .175 -(is assumed.)2.676 F -1.11(Va)5.175 G .175 -(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .175(xcept for)-.15 F F2 -<ad74>2.675 E F0 2.675(,w)C .175(hich is in)-2.675 F(seconds,)144 400.8 -Q F2<ad70>2.515 E F0 2.515(,w)C .015 -(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks, and)-2.515 F F2<ad54>2.516 E F0(,) -A F2<ad62>2.516 E F0(,)A F2<ad6e>2.516 E F0 2.516(,a)C(nd)-2.516 E F2 -<ad75>2.516 E F0 2.516(,w)C .016(hich are unscaled v)-2.516 F(al-)-.25 E -3.788(ues. The)144 412.8 R 1.287(return status is 0 unless an in)3.787 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.287(lid option or ar).25 F 1.287 +(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 +484.8 Q F1<ad78>144 496.8 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)25.3 E +F1<ad54>144 508.8 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)23.63 E(If)144 +525.6 Q F2(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468 +(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2 +(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 +(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045 +(no option is gi)144 537.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> +2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 +(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1 +<ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F .402(in seconds;)144 +549.6 R F1<ad70>2.902 E F0 2.902(,w)C .402 +(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks; and)-2.902 F F1<ad54>2.902 E F0(,) +A F1<ad62>2.902 E F0(,)A F1<ad6e>2.902 E F0 2.902(,a)C(nd)-2.902 E F1 +<ad75>2.903 E F0 2.903(,w)C .403(hich are unscaled)-2.903 F -.25(va)144 +561.6 S 3.083(lues. The).25 F .583(return status is 0 unless an in)3.083 +F -.25(va)-.4 G .583(lid option or ar).25 F .583 (gument is supplied, or an error occurs)-.18 F(while setting a ne)144 -424.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F2(umask)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2 -(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 453.6 R F1(mode)2.7 E F0 -5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F1(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 +573.6 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E F1(umask)108 590.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .2 +(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 602.4 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 +5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 465.6 R F1 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -477.6 Q F1(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 -(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F2<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 +pted by)144 614.4 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +626.4 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 +(alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 489.6 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 638.4 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G -(he)-3.047 E F2<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F1 -(mode)144.38 501.6 Q F0 .551 +(he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 +(mode)144.38 650.4 Q F0 .551 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231 -F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 513.6 Q -(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F1(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E -(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F2 -(unalias)108 530.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 542.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F1(name) +F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 662.4 Q +(as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E +(gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 +(unalias)108 679.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 691.2 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) 4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E -F2<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 -F(remo)144 554.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E -(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F2(unset)108 571.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F2 -(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 583.2 S 3.106 -(re).15 G(ach)-3.106 E F1(name)3.106 E F0 3.106(,r).18 G(emo)-3.106 E -.906 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .606(he corresponding v).15 F .607 -(ariable or function.)-.25 F .607(If no options are supplied, or the) -5.607 F F2<ad76>144 595.2 Q F0 .305(option is gi)2.805 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.305(n, each).15 F F1(name)3.165 E F0 .305(refers to a shell v)2.985 F -2.805(ariable. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)2.805 G .304 -(riables may not be unset.).25 F(If)5.304 E F2<ad66>144 607.2 Q F0 .459 -(is speci\214ed, each)2.959 F F1(name)3.319 E F0 .459 -(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)3.139 -F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.96(d. Each).15 F .903(unset v)144 619.2 R .903 -(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.402(df).15 G .902 -(rom the en)-3.402 F .902(vironment passed to subsequent commands.)-.4 F -(If)5.902 E(an)144 631.2 Q 6.915(yo)-.15 G(f)-6.915 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF(COMP_W)6.915 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM) -6.665 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)6.665 E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)6.665 E F4(,)A F3 -(HISTCMD)6.666 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)6.666 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)144 -643.2 Q(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)2.523 E F3(DIRST)2.773 E -.495(AC)-.81 -G(K).495 E F0 .272(are unset, the)2.522 F 2.772(yl)-.15 G .272 -(ose their special properties, e)-2.772 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.772(ni).15 G -2.772(ft)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E 2.772(ya)-.15 G .272(re subsequently) --2.772 F 2.5(reset. The)144 655.2 R -.15(ex)2.5 G -(it status is true unless a).15 E F1(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E -(.)-.65 E F2(wait)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 2.5(n.)C(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8 -(Wa)144 684 S .288 -(it for each speci\214ed process and return its termination status.).8 F -(Each)5.288 E F1(n)3.148 E F0 .288(may be a process ID or a)3.028 F .722 -(job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 696 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .722 -(n, all processes in that job').15 F 3.222(sp)-.55 G .722(ipeline are w) --3.222 F .722(aited for)-.1 F 5.722(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.722 E F1(n)3.582 E F0 -(is)3.462 E 1.265(not gi)144 708 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.265 -(n, all currently acti).15 F 1.565 -.15(ve c)-.25 H 1.265 -(hild processes are w).15 F 1.265(aited for)-.1 F 3.765(,a)-.4 G 1.266 -(nd the return status is zero.)-3.765 F(If)6.266 E F1(n)4.126 E F0 .457 -(speci\214es a non-e)144 720 R .457 -(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F .457 -(Otherwise, the return status is the)5.457 F(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 22 22 +F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 +F(remo)144 703.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +(alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +148.735 E(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 23 23 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 290.48 -(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E -.15(ex)144 -84 S(it status of the last process or job w).15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 -E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 100.8 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108 -112.8 Q(GNU Bash-4.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(TINS\(1\) B)-.92 F(ASH_B)-.35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(unset)108 84 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad> +-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) +2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 96 S 3.827(re).15 G(ach)-3.827 E F2(name)3.827 E F0 +3.827(,r).18 G(emo)-3.827 E 1.627 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.327 +(he corresponding v).15 F 1.327(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327 +(If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.828 E F0 1.328(option is gi)3.828 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 1.328(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 108 Q F0 1.551 +(refers to a shell v)4.231 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551 +(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.05(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) +4.05 G 1.55(riables may not be).25 F 4.641(unset. If)144 120 R F1<ad66> +4.641 E F0 2.141(is speci\214ed, each)4.641 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141 +(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 F +(remo)144 132 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.538(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1<ad6e> +2.537 E F0 .037(option is supplied, and)2.537 F F2(name)2.537 E F0 .037 +(is a v)2.537 F .037(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.537 E(ef)-.37 E +F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.537 E .492 +(be unset rather than the v)144 144 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 F +F1<ad6e>5.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 +<ad66>2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .493(If no)5.493 F +.221(options are supplied, each)144 156 R F2(name)2.721 E F0 .221 +(refers to a v)2.721 F .22(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .22 +(ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.72(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.72 E 1.188 +(tion with that name is unset.)144 168 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F +1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.689(df).15 G +1.189(rom the en)-3.689 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.206 +(passed to subsequent commands.)144 180 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706(yo) +-.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E +/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.455 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.455 E +F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 192 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.347 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +4.347 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.347 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E +F3(DIRST)4.598 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 2.098(are unset, the)4.348 +F 4.598(yl)-.15 G 2.098(ose their special)-4.598 F(properties, e)144 204 +Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G +(re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E(xit status is true unless a) +-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 220.8 Q +F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F2 2.5(n.)-2.5 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8 +(Wa)144 232.8 S .027(it for each speci\214ed child process and return i\ +ts termination status.).8 F(Each)5.026 E F2(n)2.886 E F0 .026 +(may be a process ID)2.766 F .256 +(or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 +G .256(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.756(sp)-.55 G .256 +(ipeline are w)-2.756 F .256(aited for)-.1 F 5.256(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.256 E +F2(n)3.116 E F0 .318(is not gi)144 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .318 +(n, all currently acti).15 F .618 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .318 +(hild processes are w).15 F .318(aited for)-.1 F 2.818(,a)-.4 G .318 +(nd the return status is zero.)-2.818 F .317(If the)5.317 F F1<ad6e>144 +268.8 Q F0 .361(option is supplied,)2.861 F F1(wait)2.861 E F0 -.1(wa) +2.861 G .361(its for an).1 F 2.862(yj)-.15 G .362 +(ob to terminate and returns its e)-2.862 F .362(xit status.)-.15 F(If) +5.362 E F2(n)3.222 E F0(speci\214es)3.102 E 2.596(an)144 280.8 S(on-e) +-2.596 E .096(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F +.095(Otherwise, the return status is the e)5.095 F .095(xit status)-.15 +F(of the last process or job w)144 292.8 Q(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E/F5 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 309.6 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108 +321.6 Q(GNU Bash-4.2)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)148.735 E(23)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end %%EOF |