// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. // Package bufio implements buffered I/O. It wraps an io.Reader or io.Writer // object, creating another object (Reader or Writer) that also implements // the interface but provides buffering and some help for textual I/O. package bufio import ( "bytes" "errors" "io" "unicode/utf8" ) const ( defaultBufSize = 4096 ) var ( ErrInvalidUnreadByte = errors.New("bufio: invalid use of UnreadByte") ErrInvalidUnreadRune = errors.New("bufio: invalid use of UnreadRune") ErrBufferFull = errors.New("bufio: buffer full") ErrNegativeCount = errors.New("bufio: negative count") ) // Buffered input. // Reader implements buffering for an io.Reader object. type Reader struct { buf []byte rd io.Reader r, w int err error lastByte int lastRuneSize int } const minReadBufferSize = 16 // NewReaderSize returns a new Reader whose buffer has at least the specified // size. If the argument io.Reader is already a Reader with large enough // size, it returns the underlying Reader. func NewReaderSize(rd io.Reader, size int) *Reader { // Is it already a Reader? b, ok := rd.(*Reader) if ok && len(b.buf) >= size { return b } if size < minReadBufferSize { size = minReadBufferSize } r := new(Reader) r.reset(make([]byte, size), rd) return r } // NewReader returns a new Reader whose buffer has the default size. func NewReader(rd io.Reader) *Reader { return NewReaderSize(rd, defaultBufSize) } // Reset discards any buffered data, resets all state, and switches // the buffered reader to read from r. func (b *Reader) Reset(r io.Reader) { b.reset(b.buf, r) } func (b *Reader) reset(buf []byte, r io.Reader) { *b = Reader{ buf: buf, rd: r, lastByte: -1, lastRuneSize: -1, } } var errNegativeRead = errors.New("bufio: reader returned negative count from Read") // fill reads a new chunk into the buffer. func (b *Reader) fill() { // Slide existing data to beginning. if b.r > 0 { copy(b.buf, b.buf[b.r:b.w]) b.w -= b.r b.r = 0 } // Read new data. n, err := b.rd.Read(b.buf[b.w:]) if n < 0 { panic(errNegativeRead) } b.w += n if err != nil { b.err = err } } func (b *Reader) readErr() error { err := b.err b.err = nil return err } // Peek returns the next n bytes without advancing the reader. The bytes stop // being valid at the next read call. If Peek returns fewer than n bytes, it // also returns an error explaining why the read is short. The error is // ErrBufferFull if n is larger than b's buffer size. func (b *Reader) Peek(n int) ([]byte, error) { if n < 0 { return nil, ErrNegativeCount } if n > len(b.buf) { return nil, ErrBufferFull } for b.w-b.r < n && b.err == nil { b.fill() } m := b.w - b.r if m > n { m = n } var err error if m < n { err = b.readErr() if err == nil { err = ErrBufferFull } } return b.buf[b.r : b.r+m], err } // Read reads data into p. // It returns the number of bytes read into p. // It calls Read at most once on the underlying Reader, // hence n may be less than len(p). // At EOF, the count will be zero and err will be io.EOF. func (b *Reader) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) { n = len(p) if n == 0 { return 0, b.readErr() } if b.w == b.r { if b.err != nil { return 0, b.readErr() } if len(p) >= len(b.buf) { // Large read, empty buffer. // Read directly into p to avoid copy. n, b.err = b.rd.Read(p) if n > 0 { b.lastByte = int(p[n-1]) b.lastRuneSize = -1 } return n, b.readErr() } b.fill() if b.w == b.r { return 0, b.readErr() } } if n > b.w-b.r { n = b.w - b.r } copy(p[0:n], b.buf[b.r:]) b.r += n b.lastByte = int(b.buf[b.r-1]) b.lastRuneSize = -1 return n, nil } // ReadByte reads and returns a single byte. // If no byte is available, returns an error. func (b *Reader) ReadByte() (c byte, err error) { b.lastRuneSize = -1 for b.w == b.r { if b.err != nil { return 0, b.readErr() } b.fill() } c = b.buf[b.r] b.r++ b.lastByte = int(c) return c, nil } // UnreadByte unreads the last byte. Only the most recently read byte can be unread. func (b *Reader) UnreadByte() error { b.lastRuneSize = -1 if b.r == b.w && b.lastByte >= 0 { b.w = 1 b.r = 0 b.buf[0] = byte(b.lastByte) b.lastByte = -1 return nil } if b.r <= 0 { return ErrInvalidUnreadByte } b.r-- b.lastByte = -1 return nil } // ReadRune reads a single UTF-8 encoded Unicode character and returns the // rune and its size in bytes. If the encoded rune is invalid, it consumes one byte // and returns unicode.ReplacementChar (U+FFFD) with a size of 1. func (b *Reader) ReadRune() (r rune, size int, err error) { for b.r+utf8.UTFMax > b.w && !utf8.FullRune(b.buf[b.r:b.w]) && b.err == nil { b.fill() } b.lastRuneSize = -1 if b.r == b.w { return 0, 0, b.readErr() } r, size = rune(b.buf[b.r]), 1 if r >= 0x80 { r, size = utf8.DecodeRune(b.buf[b.r:b.w]) } b.r += size b.lastByte = int(b.buf[b.r-1]) b.lastRuneSize = size return r, size, nil } // UnreadRune unreads the last rune. If the most recent read operation on // the buffer was not a ReadRune, UnreadRune returns an error. (In this // regard it is stricter than UnreadByte, which will unread the last byte // from any read operation.) func (b *Reader) UnreadRune() error { if b.lastRuneSize < 0 || b.r == 0 { return ErrInvalidUnreadRune } b.r -= b.lastRuneSize b.lastByte = -1 b.lastRuneSize = -1 return nil } // Buffered returns the number of bytes that can be read from the current buffer. func (b *Reader) Buffered() int { return b.w - b.r } // ReadSlice reads until the first occurrence of delim in the input, // returning a slice pointing at the bytes in the buffer. // The bytes stop being valid at the next read. // If ReadSlice encounters an error before finding a delimiter, // it returns all the data in the buffer and the error itself (often io.EOF). // ReadSlice fails with error ErrBufferFull if the buffer fills without a delim. // Because the data returned from ReadSlice will be overwritten // by the next I/O operation, most clients should use // ReadBytes or ReadString instead. // ReadSlice returns err != nil if and only if line does not end in delim. func (b *Reader) ReadSlice(delim byte) (line []byte, err error) { // Look in buffer. if i := bytes.IndexByte(b.buf[b.r:b.w], delim); i >= 0 { line1 := b.buf[b.r : b.r+i+1] b.r += i + 1 return line1, nil } // Read more into buffer, until buffer fills or we find delim. for { if b.err != nil { line := b.buf[b.r:b.w] b.r = b.w return line, b.readErr() } n := b.Buffered() b.fill() // Search new part of buffer if i := bytes.IndexByte(b.buf[n:b.w], delim); i >= 0 { line := b.buf[0 : n+i+1] b.r = n + i + 1 return line, nil } // Buffer is full? if b.Buffered() >= len(b.buf) { b.r = b.w return b.buf, ErrBufferFull } } } // ReadLine is a low-level line-reading primitive. Most callers should use // ReadBytes('\n') or ReadString('\n') instead or use a Scanner. // // ReadLine tries to return a single line, not including the end-of-line bytes. // If the line was too long for the buffer then isPrefix is set and the // beginning of the line is returned. The rest of the line will be returned // from future calls. isPrefix will be false when returning the last fragment // of the line. The returned buffer is only valid until the next call to // ReadLine. ReadLine either returns a non-nil line or it returns an error, // never both. // // The text returned from ReadLine does not include the line end ("\r\n" or "\n"). // No indication or error is given if the input ends without a final line end. func (b *Reader) ReadLine() (line []byte, isPrefix bool, err error) { line, err = b.ReadSlice('\n') if err == ErrBufferFull { // Handle the case where "\r\n" straddles the buffer. if len(line) > 0 && line[len(line)-1] == '\r' { // Put the '\r' back on buf and drop it from line. // Let the next call to ReadLine check for "\r\n". if b.r == 0 { // should be unreachable panic("bufio: tried to rewind past start of buffer") } b.r-- line = line[:len(line)-1] } return line, true, nil } if len(line) == 0 { if err != nil { line = nil } return } err = nil if line[len(line)-1] == '\n' { drop := 1 if len(line) > 1 && line[len(line)-2] == '\r' { drop = 2 } line = line[:len(line)-drop] } return } // ReadBytes reads until the first occurrence of delim in the input, // returning a slice containing the data up to and including the delimiter. // If ReadBytes encounters an error before finding a delimiter, // it returns the data read before the error and the error itself (often io.EOF). // ReadBytes returns err != nil if and only if the returned data does not end in // delim. // For simple uses, a Scanner may be more convenient. func (b *Reader) ReadBytes(delim byte) (line []byte, err error) { // Use ReadSlice to look for array, // accumulating full buffers. var frag []byte var full [][]byte err = nil for { var e error frag, e = b.ReadSlice(delim) if e == nil { // got final fragment break } if e != ErrBufferFull { // unexpected error err = e break } // Make a copy of the buffer. buf := make([]byte, len(frag)) copy(buf, frag) full = append(full, buf) } // Allocate new buffer to hold the full pieces and the fragment. n := 0 for i := range full { n += len(full[i]) } n += len(frag) // Copy full pieces and fragment in. buf := make([]byte, n) n = 0 for i := range full { n += copy(buf[n:], full[i]) } copy(buf[n:], frag) return buf, err } // ReadString reads until the first occurrence of delim in the input, // returning a string containing the data up to and including the delimiter. // If ReadString encounters an error before finding a delimiter, // it returns the data read before the error and the error itself (often io.EOF). // ReadString returns err != nil if and only if the returned data does not end in // delim. // For simple uses, a Scanner may be more convenient. func (b *Reader) ReadString(delim byte) (line string, err error) { bytes, err := b.ReadBytes(delim) line = string(bytes) return line, err } // WriteTo implements io.WriterTo. func (b *Reader) WriteTo(w io.Writer) (n int64, err error) { n, err = b.writeBuf(w) if err != nil { return } if r, ok := b.rd.(io.WriterTo); ok { m, err := r.WriteTo(w) n += m return n, err } for b.fill(); b.r < b.w; b.fill() { m, err := b.writeBuf(w) n += m if err != nil { return n, err } } if b.err == io.EOF { b.err = nil } return n, b.readErr() } // writeBuf writes the Reader's buffer to the writer. func (b *Reader) writeBuf(w io.Writer) (int64, error) { n, err := w.Write(b.buf[b.r:b.w]) b.r += n return int64(n), err } // buffered output // Writer implements buffering for an io.Writer object. // If an error occurs writing to a Writer, no more data will be // accepted and all subsequent writes will return the error. // After all data has been written, the client should call the // Flush method to guarantee all data has been forwarded to // the underlying io.Writer. type Writer struct { err error buf []byte n int wr io.Writer } // NewWriterSize returns a new Writer whose buffer has at least the specified // size. If the argument io.Writer is already a Writer with large enough // size, it returns the underlying Writer. func NewWriterSize(w io.Writer, size int) *Writer { // Is it already a Writer? b, ok := w.(*Writer) if ok && len(b.buf) >= size { return b } if size <= 0 { size = defaultBufSize } return &Writer{ buf: make([]byte, size), wr: w, } } // NewWriter returns a new Writer whose buffer has the default size. func NewWriter(w io.Writer) *Writer { return NewWriterSize(w, defaultBufSize) } // Reset discards any unflushed buffered data, clears any error, and // resets b to write its output to w. func (b *Writer) Reset(w io.Writer) { b.err = nil b.n = 0 b.wr = w } // Flush writes any buffered data to the underlying io.Writer. func (b *Writer) Flush() error { err := b.flush() return err } func (b *Writer) flush() error { if b.err != nil { return b.err } if b.n == 0 { return nil } n, err := b.wr.Write(b.buf[0:b.n]) if n < b.n && err == nil { err = io.ErrShortWrite } if err != nil { if n > 0 && n < b.n { copy(b.buf[0:b.n-n], b.buf[n:b.n]) } b.n -= n b.err = err return err } b.n = 0 return nil } // Available returns how many bytes are unused in the buffer. func (b *Writer) Available() int { return len(b.buf) - b.n } // Buffered returns the number of bytes that have been written into the current buffer. func (b *Writer) Buffered() int { return b.n } // Write writes the contents of p into the buffer. // It returns the number of bytes written. // If nn < len(p), it also returns an error explaining // why the write is short. func (b *Writer) Write(p []byte) (nn int, err error) { for len(p) > b.Available() && b.err == nil { var n int if b.Buffered() == 0 { // Large write, empty buffer. // Write directly from p to avoid copy. n, b.err = b.wr.Write(p) } else { n = copy(b.buf[b.n:], p) b.n += n b.flush() } nn += n p = p[n:] } if b.err != nil { return nn, b.err } n := copy(b.buf[b.n:], p) b.n += n nn += n return nn, nil } // WriteByte writes a single byte. func (b *Writer) WriteByte(c byte) error { if b.err != nil { return b.err } if b.Available() <= 0 && b.flush() != nil { return b.err } b.buf[b.n] = c b.n++ return nil } // WriteRune writes a single Unicode code point, returning // the number of bytes written and any error. func (b *Writer) WriteRune(r rune) (size int, err error) { if r < utf8.RuneSelf { err = b.WriteByte(byte(r)) if err != nil { return 0, err } return 1, nil } if b.err != nil { return 0, b.err } n := b.Available() if n < utf8.UTFMax { if b.flush(); b.err != nil { return 0, b.err } n = b.Available() if n < utf8.UTFMax { // Can only happen if buffer is silly small. return b.WriteString(string(r)) } } size = utf8.EncodeRune(b.buf[b.n:], r) b.n += size return size, nil } // WriteString writes a string. // It returns the number of bytes written. // If the count is less than len(s), it also returns an error explaining // why the write is short. func (b *Writer) WriteString(s string) (int, error) { nn := 0 for len(s) > b.Available() && b.err == nil { n := copy(b.buf[b.n:], s) b.n += n nn += n s = s[n:] b.flush() } if b.err != nil { return nn, b.err } n := copy(b.buf[b.n:], s) b.n += n nn += n return nn, nil } // ReadFrom implements io.ReaderFrom. func (b *Writer) ReadFrom(r io.Reader) (n int64, err error) { if b.Buffered() == 0 { if w, ok := b.wr.(io.ReaderFrom); ok { return w.ReadFrom(r) } } var m int for { if b.Available() == 0 { if err1 := b.flush(); err1 != nil { return n, err1 } } m, err = r.Read(b.buf[b.n:]) if m == 0 { break } b.n += m n += int64(m) if err != nil { break } } if err == io.EOF { // If we filled the buffer exactly, flush pre-emptively. if b.Available() == 0 { err = b.flush() } else { err = nil } } return n, err } // buffered input and output // ReadWriter stores pointers to a Reader and a Writer. // It implements io.ReadWriter. type ReadWriter struct { *Reader *Writer } // NewReadWriter allocates a new ReadWriter that dispatches to r and w. func NewReadWriter(r *Reader, w *Writer) *ReadWriter { return &ReadWriter{r, w} }