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-@c -*- mode: texinfo -*-
-@deftypefn Extension {struct pex_obj *} pex_init (int @var{flags}, @
- const char *@var{pname}, const char *@var{tempbase})
-
-Prepare to execute one or more programs, with standard output of each
-program fed to standard input of the next. This is a system
-independent interface to execute a pipeline.
-
-@var{flags} is a bitwise combination of the following:
-
-@table @code
-
-@vindex PEX_RECORD_TIMES
-@item PEX_RECORD_TIMES
-Record subprocess times if possible.
-
-@vindex PEX_USE_PIPES
-@item PEX_USE_PIPES
-Use pipes for communication between processes, if possible.
-
-@vindex PEX_SAVE_TEMPS
-@item PEX_SAVE_TEMPS
-Don't delete temporary files used for communication between
-processes.
-
-@end table
-
-@var{pname} is the name of program to be executed, used in error
-messages. @var{tempbase} is a base name to use for any required
-temporary files; it may be @code{NULL} to use a randomly chosen name.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension {const char *} pex_run (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, @
- int @var{flags}, const char *@var{executable}, char * const *@var{argv}, @
- const char *@var{outname}, const char *@var{errname}, int *@var{err})
-
-Execute one program in a pipeline. On success this returns
-@code{NULL}. On failure it returns an error message, a statically
-allocated string.
-
-@var{obj} is returned by a previous call to @code{pex_init}.
-
-@var{flags} is a bitwise combination of the following:
-
-@table @code
-
-@vindex PEX_LAST
-@item PEX_LAST
-This must be set on the last program in the pipeline. In particular,
-it should be set when executing a single program. The standard output
-of the program will be sent to @var{outname}, or, if @var{outname} is
-@code{NULL}, to the standard output of the calling program. Do @emph{not}
-set this bit if you want to call @code{pex_read_output}
-(described below). After a call to @code{pex_run} with this bit set,
-@var{pex_run} may no longer be called with the same @var{obj}.
-
-@vindex PEX_SEARCH
-@item PEX_SEARCH
-Search for the program using the user's executable search path.
-
-@vindex PEX_SUFFIX
-@item PEX_SUFFIX
-@var{outname} is a suffix. See the description of @var{outname},
-below.
-
-@vindex PEX_STDERR_TO_STDOUT
-@item PEX_STDERR_TO_STDOUT
-Send the program's standard error to standard output, if possible.
-
-@vindex PEX_BINARY_INPUT
-@vindex PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT
-@vindex PEX_BINARY_ERROR
-@item PEX_BINARY_INPUT
-@itemx PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT
-@itemx PEX_BINARY_ERROR
-The standard input (output or error) of the program should be read (written) in
-binary mode rather than text mode. These flags are ignored on systems
-which do not distinguish binary mode and text mode, such as Unix. For
-proper behavior these flags should match appropriately---a call to
-@code{pex_run} using @code{PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT} should be followed by a
-call using @code{PEX_BINARY_INPUT}.
-
-@vindex PEX_STDERR_TO_PIPE
-@item PEX_STDERR_TO_PIPE
-Send the program's standard error to a pipe, if possible. This flag
-cannot be specified together with @code{PEX_STDERR_TO_STDOUT}. This
-flag can be specified only on the last program in pipeline.
-
-@end table
-
-@var{executable} is the program to execute. @var{argv} is the set of
-arguments to pass to the program; normally @code{@var{argv}[0]} will
-be a copy of @var{executable}.
-
-@var{outname} is used to set the name of the file to use for standard
-output. There are two cases in which no output file will be used:
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-if @code{PEX_LAST} is not set in @var{flags}, and @code{PEX_USE_PIPES}
-was set in the call to @code{pex_init}, and the system supports pipes
-
-@item
-if @code{PEX_LAST} is set in @var{flags}, and @var{outname} is
-@code{NULL}
-@end enumerate
-
-@noindent
-Otherwise the code will use a file to hold standard
-output. If @code{PEX_LAST} is not set, this file is considered to be
-a temporary file, and it will be removed when no longer needed, unless
-@code{PEX_SAVE_TEMPS} was set in the call to @code{pex_init}.
-
-There are two cases to consider when setting the name of the file to
-hold standard output.
-
-@enumerate
-@item
-@code{PEX_SUFFIX} is set in @var{flags}. In this case
-@var{outname} may not be @code{NULL}. If the @var{tempbase} parameter
-to @code{pex_init} was not @code{NULL}, then the output file name is
-the concatenation of @var{tempbase} and @var{outname}. If
-@var{tempbase} was @code{NULL}, then the output file name is a random
-file name ending in @var{outname}.
-
-@item
-@code{PEX_SUFFIX} was not set in @var{flags}. In this
-case, if @var{outname} is not @code{NULL}, it is used as the output
-file name. If @var{outname} is @code{NULL}, and @var{tempbase} was
-not NULL, the output file name is randomly chosen using
-@var{tempbase}. Otherwise the output file name is chosen completely
-at random.
-@end enumerate
-
-@var{errname} is the file name to use for standard error output. If
-it is @code{NULL}, standard error is the same as the caller's.
-Otherwise, standard error is written to the named file.
-
-On an error return, the code sets @code{*@var{err}} to an @code{errno}
-value, or to 0 if there is no relevant @code{errno}.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension {const char *} pex_run_in_environment (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, @
- int @var{flags}, const char *@var{executable}, char * const *@var{argv}, @
- char * const *@var{env}, int @var{env_size}, const char *@var{outname}, @
- const char *@var{errname}, int *@var{err})
-
-Execute one program in a pipeline, permitting the environment for the
-program to be specified. Behaviour and parameters not listed below are
-as for @code{pex_run}.
-
-@var{env} is the environment for the child process, specified as an array of
-character pointers. Each element of the array should point to a string of the
-form @code{VAR=VALUE}, with the exception of the last element that must be
-@code{NULL}.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension {FILE *} pex_input_file (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, @
- int @var{flags}, const char *@var{in_name})
-
-Return a stream for a temporary file to pass to the first program in
-the pipeline as input.
-
-The name of the input file is chosen according to the same rules
-@code{pex_run} uses to choose output file names, based on
-@var{in_name}, @var{obj} and the @code{PEX_SUFFIX} bit in @var{flags}.
-
-Don't call @code{fclose} on the returned stream; the first call to
-@code{pex_run} closes it automatically.
-
-If @var{flags} includes @code{PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT}, open the stream in
-binary mode; otherwise, open it in the default mode. Including
-@code{PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT} in @var{flags} has no effect on Unix.
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension {FILE *} pex_input_pipe (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, @
- int @var{binary})
-
-Return a stream @var{fp} for a pipe connected to the standard input of
-the first program in the pipeline; @var{fp} is opened for writing.
-You must have passed @code{PEX_USE_PIPES} to the @code{pex_init} call
-that returned @var{obj}.
-
-You must close @var{fp} using @code{fclose} yourself when you have
-finished writing data to the pipeline.
-
-The file descriptor underlying @var{fp} is marked not to be inherited
-by child processes.
-
-On systems that do not support pipes, this function returns
-@code{NULL}, and sets @code{errno} to @code{EINVAL}. If you would
-like to write code that is portable to all systems the @code{pex}
-functions support, consider using @code{pex_input_file} instead.
-
-There are two opportunities for deadlock using
-@code{pex_input_pipe}:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-Most systems' pipes can buffer only a fixed amount of data; a process
-that writes to a full pipe blocks. Thus, if you write to @file{fp}
-before starting the first process, you run the risk of blocking when
-there is no child process yet to read the data and allow you to
-continue. @code{pex_input_pipe} makes no promises about the
-size of the pipe's buffer, so if you need to write any data at all
-before starting the first process in the pipeline, consider using
-@code{pex_input_file} instead.
-
-@item
-Using @code{pex_input_pipe} and @code{pex_read_output} together
-may also cause deadlock. If the output pipe fills up, so that each
-program in the pipeline is waiting for the next to read more data, and
-you fill the input pipe by writing more data to @var{fp}, then there
-is no way to make progress: the only process that could read data from
-the output pipe is you, but you are blocked on the input pipe.
-
-@end itemize
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension {FILE *} pex_read_output (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, @
- int @var{binary})
-
-Returns a @code{FILE} pointer which may be used to read the standard
-output of the last program in the pipeline. When this is used,
-@code{PEX_LAST} should not be used in a call to @code{pex_run}. After
-this is called, @code{pex_run} may no longer be called with the same
-@var{obj}. @var{binary} should be non-zero if the file should be
-opened in binary mode. Don't call @code{fclose} on the returned file;
-it will be closed by @code{pex_free}.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension {FILE *} pex_read_err (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, @
- int @var{binary})
-
-Returns a @code{FILE} pointer which may be used to read the standard
-error of the last program in the pipeline. When this is used,
-@code{PEX_LAST} should not be used in a call to @code{pex_run}. After
-this is called, @code{pex_run} may no longer be called with the same
-@var{obj}. @var{binary} should be non-zero if the file should be
-opened in binary mode. Don't call @code{fclose} on the returned file;
-it will be closed by @code{pex_free}.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-
-@deftypefn Extension int pex_get_status (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, @
- int @var{count}, int *@var{vector})
-
-Returns the exit status of all programs run using @var{obj}.
-@var{count} is the number of results expected. The results will be
-placed into @var{vector}. The results are in the order of the calls
-to @code{pex_run}. Returns 0 on error, 1 on success.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension int pex_get_times (struct pex_obj *@var{obj}, @
- int @var{count}, struct pex_time *@var{vector})
-
-Returns the process execution times of all programs run using
-@var{obj}. @var{count} is the number of results expected. The
-results will be placed into @var{vector}. The results are in the
-order of the calls to @code{pex_run}. Returns 0 on error, 1 on
-success.
-
-@code{struct pex_time} has the following fields of the type
-@code{unsigned long}: @code{user_seconds},
-@code{user_microseconds}, @code{system_seconds},
-@code{system_microseconds}. On systems which do not support reporting
-process times, all the fields will be set to @code{0}.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension void pex_free (struct pex_obj @var{obj})
-
-Clean up and free all data associated with @var{obj}. If you have not
-yet called @code{pex_get_times} or @code{pex_get_status}, this will
-try to kill the subprocesses.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension {const char *} pex_one (int @var{flags}, @
- const char *@var{executable}, char * const *@var{argv}, @
- const char *@var{pname}, const char *@var{outname}, const char *@var{errname}, @
- int *@var{status}, int *@var{err})
-
-An interface to permit the easy execution of a
-single program. The return value and most of the parameters are as
-for a call to @code{pex_run}. @var{flags} is restricted to a
-combination of @code{PEX_SEARCH}, @code{PEX_STDERR_TO_STDOUT}, and
-@code{PEX_BINARY_OUTPUT}. @var{outname} is interpreted as if
-@code{PEX_LAST} were set. On a successful return, @code{*@var{status}} will
-be set to the exit status of the program.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension int pexecute (const char *@var{program}, @
- char * const *@var{argv}, const char *@var{this_pname}, @
- const char *@var{temp_base}, char **@var{errmsg_fmt}, @
- char **@var{errmsg_arg}, int @var{flags})
-
-This is the old interface to execute one or more programs. It is
-still supported for compatibility purposes, but is no longer
-documented.
-
-@end deftypefn
-
-@deftypefn Extension int pwait (int @var{pid}, int *@var{status}, int @var{flags})
-
-Another part of the old execution interface.
-
-@end deftypefn