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-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Documentation Style</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.0" /><meta name="keywords" content="&#10; ISO C++&#10; , &#10; library&#10; " /><link rel="home" href="../spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library Documentation" /><link rel="up" href="appendix_contributing.html" title="Appendix A.  Contributing" /><link rel="prev" href="source_code_style.html" title="Coding Style" /><link rel="next" href="source_design_notes.html" title="Design Notes" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Documentation Style</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="source_code_style.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Appendix A. 
- Contributing
-
-</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="source_design_notes.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="contrib.doc_style"></a>Documentation Style</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="doc_style.doxygen"></a>Doxygen</h3></div></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="doxygen.prereq"></a>Prerequisites</h4></div></div></div><p>
- Prerequisite tools are Bash 2.x,
- <a class="ulink" href="http://www.doxygen.org/" target="_top">Doxygen</a>, and
- the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/" target="_top">GNU
- coreutils</a>. (GNU versions of find, xargs, and possibly
- sed and grep are used, just because the GNU versions make
- things very easy.)
- </p><p>
- To generate the pretty pictures and hierarchy
- graphs, the
- <a class="ulink" href="http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/download.html" target="_top">Graphviz</a>
- package will need to be installed.
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="doxygen.rules"></a>Generating the Doxygen Files</h4></div></div></div><p>
- The following Makefile rules run Doxygen to generate HTML
- docs, XML docs, and the man pages.
- </p><p>
- </p><pre class="screen"><strong class="userinput"><code>make doc-html-doxygen</code></strong></pre><p>
- </p><p>
- </p><pre class="screen"><strong class="userinput"><code>make doc-xml-doxygen</code></strong></pre><p>
- </p><p>
- </p><pre class="screen"><strong class="userinput"><code>make doc-man-doxygen</code></strong></pre><p>
- </p><p>
- Careful observers will see that the Makefile rules simply call
- a script from the source tree, <code class="filename">run_doxygen</code>, which
- does the actual work of running Doxygen and then (most
- importantly) massaging the output files. If for some reason
- you prefer to not go through the Makefile, you can call this
- script directly. (Start by passing <code class="literal">--help</code>.)
- </p><p>
- If you wish to tweak the Doxygen settings, do so by editing
- <code class="filename">doc/doxygen/user.cfg.in</code>. Notes to fellow
- library hackers are written in triple-# comments.
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="doxygen.markup"></a>Markup</h4></div></div></div><p>
- In general, libstdc++ files should be formatted according to
- the rules found in the
- <a class="link" href="source_code_style.html" title="Coding Style">Coding Standard</a>. Before
- any doxygen-specific formatting tweaks are made, please try to
- make sure that the initial formatting is sound.
- </p><p>
- Adding Doxygen markup to a file (informally called
- “<span class="quote">doxygenating</span>”) is very simple. The Doxygen manual can be
- found
- <a class="ulink" href="http://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/download.html#latestman" target="_top">here</a>.
- We try to use a very-recent version of Doxygen.
- </p><p>
- For classes, use
- <code class="classname">deque</code>/<code class="classname">vector</code>/<code class="classname">list</code>
- and <code class="classname">std::pair</code> as examples. For
- functions, see their member functions, and the free functions
- in <code class="filename">stl_algobase.h</code>. Member functions of
- other container-like types should read similarly to these
- member functions.
- </p><p>
- These points accompany the first list in section 3.1 of the
- Doxygen manual:
- </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>Use the Javadoc style...</p></li><li><p>
- ...not the Qt style. The intermediate *'s are preferred.
- </p></li><li><p>
- Use the triple-slash style only for one-line comments (the
- “<span class="quote">brief</span>” mode). Very recent versions of Doxygen permit
- full-mode comments in triple-slash blocks, but the
- formatting still comes out wonky.
- </p></li><li><p>
- This is disgusting. Don't do this.
- </p></li></ol></div><p>
- Use the @-style of commands, not the !-style. Please be
- careful about whitespace in your markup comments. Most of the
- time it doesn't matter; doxygen absorbs most whitespace, and
- both HTML and *roff are agnostic about whitespace. However,
- in &lt;pre&gt; blocks and @code/@endcode sections, spacing can
- have “<span class="quote">interesting</span>” effects.
- </p><p>
- Use either kind of grouping, as
- appropriate. <code class="filename">doxygroups.cc</code> exists for this
- purpose. See <code class="filename">stl_iterator.h</code> for a good example
- of the “<span class="quote">other</span>” kind of grouping.
- </p><p>
- Please use markup tags like @p and @a when referring to things
- such as the names of function parameters. Use @e for emphasis
- when necessary. Use @c to refer to other standard names.
- (Examples of all these abound in the present code.)
- </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="doc_style.docbook"></a>Docbook</h3></div></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="docbook.prereq"></a>Prerequisites</h4></div></div></div><p>
- Editing the DocBook sources requires an XML editor. Many
- exist: some notable options
- include <span class="command"><strong>emacs</strong></span>, <span class="application">Kate</span>,
- or <span class="application">Conglomerate</span>.
- </p><p>
- Some editors support special “<span class="quote">XML Validation</span>”
- modes that can validate the file as it is
- produced. Recommended is the <span class="command"><strong>nXML Mode</strong></span>
- for <span class="command"><strong>emacs</strong></span>.
- </p><p>
- Besides an editor, additional DocBook files and XML tools are
- also required.
- </p><p>
- Access to the DocBook stylesheets and DTD is required. The
- stylesheets are usually packaged by vendor, in something
- like <code class="filename">docbook-style-xsl</code>. To exactly match
- generated output, please use a version of the stylesheets
- equivalent
- to <code class="filename">docbook-style-xsl-1.74.0-5</code>. The
- installation directory for this package corresponds to
- the <code class="literal">XSL_STYLE_DIR</code>
- in <code class="filename">doc/Makefile.am</code> and defaults
- to <code class="filename">/usr/share/sgml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets</code>.
- </p><p>
- For processing XML, an XML processor and some style
- sheets are necessary. Defaults are <span class="command"><strong>xsltproc</strong></span>
- provided by <code class="filename">libxslt</code>.
- </p><p>
- For validating the XML document, you'll need
- something like <span class="command"><strong>xmllint</strong></span> and access to the
- DocBook DTD. These are provided
- by a vendor package like <code class="filename">lixml2</code>.
- </p><p>
- For PDF output, something that transforms valid XML to PDF is
- required. Possible solutions include <span class="command"><strong>xmlto</strong></span>,
- <a class="ulink" href="http://xmlgraphics.apache.org/fop/" target="_top">Apache
- FOP</a>, or <span class="command"><strong>prince</strong></span>. Other options are
- listed on the DocBook web <a class="ulink" href="http://wiki.docbook.org/topic/DocBookPublishingTools" target="_top">pages</a>. Please
- consult the <code class="email">&lt;<a class="email" href="mailto:libstdc++@gcc.gnu.org">libstdc++@gcc.gnu.org</a>&gt;</code> list when
- preparing printed manuals for current best practice and suggestions.
- </p><p>
- Make sure that the XML documentation and markup is valid for
- any change. This can be done easily, with the validation rules
- in the <code class="filename">Makefile</code>, which is equivalent to doing:
- </p><pre class="screen">
- <strong class="userinput"><code>
-xmllint --noout --valid <code class="filename">xml/index.xml</code>
- </code></strong>
- </pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="docbook.rules"></a>Generating the DocBook Files</h4></div></div></div><p>
- The following Makefile rules generate (in order): an HTML
- version of all the documentation, a PDF version of the same, a
- single XML document, and the result of validating the entire XML
- document.
- </p><p>
- </p><pre class="screen"><strong class="userinput"><code>make doc-html</code></strong></pre><p>
- </p><p>
- </p><pre class="screen"><strong class="userinput"><code>make doc-pdf</code></strong></pre><p>
- </p><p>
- </p><pre class="screen"><strong class="userinput"><code>make doc-xml-single</code></strong></pre><p>
- </p><p>
- </p><pre class="screen"><strong class="userinput"><code>make doc-xml-validate</code></strong></pre><p>
- </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="docbook.examples"></a>File Organization and Basics</h4></div></div></div><div class="literallayout"><p><br />
-      <span class="emphasis"><em>Which files are important</em></span><br />
-<br />
-      All Docbook files are in the directory<br />
-      libstdc++-v3/doc/xml<br />
-<br />
-      Inside this directory, the files of importance:<br />
-      spine.xml   - index to documentation set<br />
-      manual/spine.xml  - index to manual<br />
-      manual/*.xml   - individual chapters and sections of the manual<br />
-      faq.xml   - index to FAQ<br />
-      api.xml   - index to source level / API <br />
-<br />
-      All *.txml files are template xml files, i.e., otherwise empty files with<br />
-      the correct structure, suitable for filling in with new information.<br />
-<br />
-      <span class="emphasis"><em>Canonical Writing Style</em></span><br />
-<br />
-      class template<br />
-      function template<br />
-      member function template<br />
-      (via C++ Templates, Vandevoorde)<br />
-<br />
-      class in namespace std: allocator, not std::allocator<br />
-<br />
-      header file: iostream, not &lt;iostream&gt;<br />
-<br />
-<br />
-      <span class="emphasis"><em>General structure</em></span><br />
-<br />
-      &lt;set&gt;<br />
-      &lt;book&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/book&gt;<br />
-<br />
-      &lt;book&gt;<br />
-      &lt;chapter&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/chapter&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/book&gt;<br />
-<br />
-      &lt;book&gt; <br />
-      &lt;part&gt;<br />
-      &lt;chapter&gt;<br />
-      &lt;section&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/section&gt;<br />
-<br />
-      &lt;sect1&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/sect1&gt;<br />
-<br />
-      &lt;sect1&gt;<br />
-      &lt;sect2&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/sect2&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/sect1&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/chapter&gt;<br />
-<br />
-      &lt;chapter&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/chapter&gt;<br />
-      &lt;/part&gt;  <br />
-      &lt;/book&gt;<br />
-<br />
-      &lt;/set&gt;<br />
-    </p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="docbook.markup"></a>Markup By Example</h4></div></div></div><p>
-Complete details on Docbook markup can be found in the DocBook Element
-Reference, <a class="ulink" href="http://www.docbook.org/tdg/en/html/part2.html" target="_top">online</a>. An
-incomplete reference for HTML to Docbook conversion is detailed in the
-table below.
-</p><div class="table"><a id="id435551"></a><p class="title"><b>Table A.1. HTML to Docbook XML markup comparison</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="HTML to Docbook XML markup comparison" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" /><col align="left" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">HTML</th><th align="left">XML</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">&lt;p&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;para&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;pre&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;computeroutput&gt;, &lt;programlisting&gt;,
- &lt;literallayout&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;ul&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;itemizedlist&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;ol&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;orderedlist&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;il&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;listitem&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;dl&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;variablelist&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;dt&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;term&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;dd&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;listitem&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;a href=""&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;ulink url=""&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;code&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;literal&gt;, &lt;programlisting&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;strong&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;emphasis&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;em&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;emphasis&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">"</td><td align="left">&lt;quote&gt;</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p>
- And examples of detailed markup for which there are no real HTML
- equivalents are listed in the table below.
-</p><div class="table"><a id="id500888"></a><p class="title"><b>Table A.2. Docbook XML Element Use</b></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Docbook XML Element Use" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" /><col align="left" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Element</th><th align="left">Use</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">&lt;structname&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;structname&gt;char_traits&lt;/structname&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;classname&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;classname&gt;string&lt;/classname&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;function&gt;</td><td align="left">
- <p>&lt;function&gt;clear()&lt;/function&gt;</p>
- <p>&lt;function&gt;fs.clear()&lt;/function&gt;</p>
- </td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;type&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;type&gt;long long&lt;/type&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;varname&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;varname&gt;fs&lt;/varname&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;literal&gt;</td><td align="left">
- <p>&lt;literal&gt;-Weffc++&lt;/literal&gt;</p>
- <p>&lt;literal&gt;rel_ops&lt;/literal&gt;</p>
- </td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;constant&gt;</td><td align="left">
- <p>&lt;constant&gt;_GNU_SOURCE&lt;/constant&gt;</p>
- <p>&lt;constant&gt;3.0&lt;/constant&gt;</p>
- </td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;command&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;command&gt;g++&lt;/command&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;errortext&gt;</td><td align="left">&lt;errortext&gt;In instantiation of&lt;/errortext&gt;</td></tr><tr><td align="left">&lt;filename&gt;</td><td align="left">
- <p>&lt;filename class="headerfile"&gt;ctype.h&lt;/filename&gt;</p>
- <p>&lt;filename class="directory"&gt;/home/gcc/build&lt;/filename&gt;</p>
- </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="source_code_style.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="appendix_contributing.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="source_design_notes.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Coding Style </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../spine.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Design Notes</td></tr></table></div></body></html>