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+/* DSSSignature.java --
+ Copyright (C) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is a part of GNU Classpath.
+
+GNU Classpath is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at
+your option) any later version.
+
+GNU Classpath is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with GNU Classpath; if not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301
+USA
+
+Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules is
+making a combined work based on this library. Thus, the terms and
+conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole
+combination.
+
+As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you
+permission to link this library with independent modules to produce an
+executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent
+modules, and to copy and distribute the resulting executable under
+terms of your choice, provided that you also meet, for each linked
+independent module, the terms and conditions of the license of that
+module. An independent module is a module which is not derived from
+or based on this library. If you modify this library, you may extend
+this exception to your version of the library, but you are not
+obligated to do so. If you do not wish to do so, delete this
+exception statement from your version. */
+
+
+package gnu.java.security.sig.dss;
+
+import gnu.java.security.Registry;
+import gnu.java.security.hash.IMessageDigest;
+import gnu.java.security.hash.Sha160;
+import gnu.java.security.prng.IRandom;
+import gnu.java.security.sig.BaseSignature;
+import gnu.java.security.sig.ISignature;
+
+import java.math.BigInteger;
+import java.security.PrivateKey;
+import java.security.PublicKey;
+import java.security.interfaces.DSAPrivateKey;
+import java.security.interfaces.DSAPublicKey;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Random;
+
+/**
+ * The DSS (Digital Signature Standard) algorithm makes use of the following
+ * parameters:
+ * <ol>
+ * <li>p: A prime modulus, where
+ * <code>2<sup>L-1</sup> &lt; p &lt; 2<sup>L</sup> </code> for <code>512 &lt;= L
+ * &lt;= 1024</code> and <code>L</code> a multiple of <code>64</code>.</li>
+ * <li>q: A prime divisor of <code>p - 1</code>, where <code>2<sup>159</sup>
+ * &lt; q &lt; 2<sup>160</sup></code>.</li>
+ * <li>g: Where <code>g = h<sup>(p-1)</sup>/q mod p</code>, where
+ * <code>h</code> is any integer with <code>1 &lt; h &lt; p - 1</code> such
+ * that <code>h<sup> (p-1)</sup>/q mod p > 1</code> (<code>g</code> has order
+ * <code>q mod p</code>).</li>
+ * <li>x: A randomly or pseudorandomly generated integer with <code>0 &lt; x
+ * &lt; q</code>.</li>
+ * <li>y: <code>y = g<sup>x</sup> mod p</code>.</li>
+ * <li>k: A randomly or pseudorandomly generated integer with <code>0 &lt; k
+ * &lt; q</code>.</li>
+ * </ol>
+ * <p>
+ * The integers <code>p</code>, <code>q</code>, and <code>g</code> can be
+ * public and can be common to a group of users. A user's private and public
+ * keys are <code>x</code> and <code>y</code>, respectively. They are
+ * normally fixed for a period of time. Parameters <code>x</code> and
+ * <code>k</code> are used for signature generation only, and must be kept
+ * secret. Parameter <code>k</code> must be regenerated for each signature.
+ * <p>
+ * The signature of a message <code>M</code> is the pair of numbers
+ * <code>r</code> and <code>s</code> computed according to the equations below:
+ * <ul>
+ * <li><code>r = (g<sup>k</sup> mod p) mod q</code> and</li>
+ * <li><code>s = (k<sup>-1</sup>(SHA(M) + xr)) mod q</code>.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * <p>
+ * In the above, <code>k<sup>-1</sup></code> is the multiplicative inverse of
+ * <code>k</code>, <code>mod q</code>; i.e., <code>(k<sup>-1</sup> k) mod q =
+ * 1</code> and <code>0 &lt; k-1 &lt; q</code>. The value of <code>SHA(M)</code>
+ * is a 160-bit string output by the Secure Hash Algorithm specified in FIPS
+ * 180. For use in computing <code>s</code>, this string must be converted to
+ * an integer.
+ * <p>
+ * As an option, one may wish to check if <code>r == 0</code> or <code>s == 0
+ * </code>.
+ * If either <code>r == 0</code> or <code>s == 0</code>, a new value of
+ * <code>k</code> should be generated and the signature should be recalculated
+ * (it is extremely unlikely that <code>r == 0</code> or <code>s == 0</code> if
+ * signatures are generated properly).
+ * <p>
+ * The signature is transmitted along with the message to the verifier.
+ * <p>
+ * References:
+ * <ol>
+ * <li><a href="http://www.itl.nist.gov/fipspubs/fip186.htm">Digital Signature
+ * Standard (DSS)</a>, Federal Information Processing Standards Publication
+ * 186. National Institute of Standards and Technology.</li>
+ * </ol>
+ */
+public class DSSSignature
+ extends BaseSignature
+{
+ /** Trivial 0-arguments constructor. */
+ public DSSSignature()
+ {
+ super(Registry.DSS_SIG, new Sha160());
+ }
+
+ /** Private constructor for cloning purposes. */
+ private DSSSignature(DSSSignature that)
+ {
+ this();
+
+ this.publicKey = that.publicKey;
+ this.privateKey = that.privateKey;
+ this.md = (IMessageDigest) that.md.clone();
+ }
+
+ public static final BigInteger[] sign(final DSAPrivateKey k, final byte[] h)
+ {
+ final DSSSignature sig = new DSSSignature();
+ final Map attributes = new HashMap();
+ attributes.put(ISignature.SIGNER_KEY, k);
+ sig.setupSign(attributes);
+ return sig.computeRS(h);
+ }
+
+ public static final BigInteger[] sign(final DSAPrivateKey k, final byte[] h,
+ Random rnd)
+ {
+ final DSSSignature sig = new DSSSignature();
+ final Map attributes = new HashMap();
+ attributes.put(ISignature.SIGNER_KEY, k);
+ if (rnd != null)
+ attributes.put(ISignature.SOURCE_OF_RANDOMNESS, rnd);
+
+ sig.setupSign(attributes);
+ return sig.computeRS(h);
+ }
+
+ public static final BigInteger[] sign(final DSAPrivateKey k, final byte[] h,
+ IRandom irnd)
+ {
+ final DSSSignature sig = new DSSSignature();
+ final Map attributes = new HashMap();
+ attributes.put(ISignature.SIGNER_KEY, k);
+ if (irnd != null)
+ attributes.put(ISignature.SOURCE_OF_RANDOMNESS, irnd);
+
+ sig.setupSign(attributes);
+ return sig.computeRS(h);
+ }
+
+ public static final boolean verify(final DSAPublicKey k, final byte[] h,
+ final BigInteger[] rs)
+ {
+ final DSSSignature sig = new DSSSignature();
+ final Map attributes = new HashMap();
+ attributes.put(ISignature.VERIFIER_KEY, k);
+ sig.setupVerify(attributes);
+ return sig.checkRS(rs, h);
+ }
+
+ public Object clone()
+ {
+ return new DSSSignature(this);
+ }
+
+ protected void setupForVerification(PublicKey k)
+ throws IllegalArgumentException
+ {
+ if (! (k instanceof DSAPublicKey))
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+
+ this.publicKey = k;
+ }
+
+ protected void setupForSigning(PrivateKey k) throws IllegalArgumentException
+ {
+ if (! (k instanceof DSAPrivateKey))
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException();
+
+ this.privateKey = k;
+ }
+
+ protected Object generateSignature() throws IllegalStateException
+ {
+ final BigInteger[] rs = computeRS(md.digest());
+ return encodeSignature(rs[0], rs[1]);
+ }
+
+ protected boolean verifySignature(Object sig) throws IllegalStateException
+ {
+ final BigInteger[] rs = decodeSignature(sig);
+ return checkRS(rs, md.digest());
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns the output of a signature generation phase.
+ *
+ * @return an object encapsulating the DSS signature pair <code>r</code> and
+ * <code>s</code>.
+ */
+ private Object encodeSignature(BigInteger r, BigInteger s)
+ {
+ return new BigInteger[] { r, s };
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Returns the output of a previously generated signature object as a pair of
+ * {@link java.math.BigInteger}.
+ *
+ * @return the DSS signature pair <code>r</code> and <code>s</code>.
+ */
+ private BigInteger[] decodeSignature(Object signature)
+ {
+ return (BigInteger[]) signature;
+ }
+
+ private BigInteger[] computeRS(final byte[] digestBytes)
+ {
+ final BigInteger p = ((DSAPrivateKey) privateKey).getParams().getP();
+ final BigInteger q = ((DSAPrivateKey) privateKey).getParams().getQ();
+ final BigInteger g = ((DSAPrivateKey) privateKey).getParams().getG();
+ final BigInteger x = ((DSAPrivateKey) privateKey).getX();
+ final BigInteger m = new BigInteger(1, digestBytes);
+ BigInteger k, r, s;
+ final byte[] kb = new byte[20]; // we'll use 159 bits only
+ while (true)
+ {
+ this.nextRandomBytes(kb);
+ k = new BigInteger(1, kb);
+ k.clearBit(159);
+ r = g.modPow(k, p).mod(q);
+ if (r.equals(BigInteger.ZERO))
+ continue;
+
+ s = m.add(x.multiply(r)).multiply(k.modInverse(q)).mod(q);
+ if (s.equals(BigInteger.ZERO))
+ continue;
+
+ break;
+ }
+ return new BigInteger[] { r, s };
+ }
+
+ private boolean checkRS(final BigInteger[] rs, final byte[] digestBytes)
+ {
+ final BigInteger r = rs[0];
+ final BigInteger s = rs[1];
+ final BigInteger g = ((DSAPublicKey) publicKey).getParams().getG();
+ final BigInteger p = ((DSAPublicKey) publicKey).getParams().getP();
+ final BigInteger q = ((DSAPublicKey) publicKey).getParams().getQ();
+ final BigInteger y = ((DSAPublicKey) publicKey).getY();
+ final BigInteger w = s.modInverse(q);
+ final BigInteger u1 = w.multiply(new BigInteger(1, digestBytes)).mod(q);
+ final BigInteger u2 = r.multiply(w).mod(q);
+ final BigInteger v = g.modPow(u1, p).multiply(y.modPow(u2, p)).mod(p).mod(q);
+ return v.equals(r);
+ }
+}