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+/*
+ * Written by Doug Lea with assistance from members of JCP JSR-166
+ * Expert Group and released to the public domain, as explained at
+ * http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain
+ */
+
+package java.util.concurrent;
+
+/**
+ * A <tt>Future</tt> represents the result of an asynchronous
+ * computation. Methods are provided to check if the computation is
+ * complete, to wait for its completion, and to retrieve the result of
+ * the computation. The result can only be retrieved using method
+ * <tt>get</tt> when the computation has completed, blocking if
+ * necessary until it is ready. Cancellation is performed by the
+ * <tt>cancel</tt> method. Additional methods are provided to
+ * determine if the task completed normally or was cancelled. Once a
+ * computation has completed, the computation cannot be cancelled.
+ * If you would like to use a <tt>Future</tt> for the sake
+ * of cancellability but not provide a usable result, you can
+ * declare types of the form <tt>Future&lt;?&gt;</tt> and
+ * return <tt>null</tt> as a result of the underlying task.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * <b>Sample Usage</b> (Note that the following classes are all
+ * made-up.) <p>
+ * <pre>
+ * interface ArchiveSearcher { String search(String target); }
+ * class App {
+ * ExecutorService executor = ...
+ * ArchiveSearcher searcher = ...
+ * void showSearch(final String target)
+ * throws InterruptedException {
+ * Future&lt;String&gt; future
+ * = executor.submit(new Callable&lt;String&gt;() {
+ * public String call() {
+ * return searcher.search(target);
+ * }});
+ * displayOtherThings(); // do other things while searching
+ * try {
+ * displayText(future.get()); // use future
+ * } catch (ExecutionException ex) { cleanup(); return; }
+ * }
+ * }
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * The {@link FutureTask} class is an implementation of <tt>Future</tt> that
+ * implements <tt>Runnable</tt>, and so may be executed by an <tt>Executor</tt>.
+ * For example, the above construction with <tt>submit</tt> could be replaced by:
+ * <pre>
+ * FutureTask&lt;String&gt; future =
+ * new FutureTask&lt;String&gt;(new Callable&lt;String&gt;() {
+ * public String call() {
+ * return searcher.search(target);
+ * }});
+ * executor.execute(future);
+ * </pre>
+ *
+ * <p>Memory consistency effects: Actions taken by the asynchronous computation
+ * <a href="package-summary.html#MemoryVisibility"> <i>happen-before</i></a>
+ * actions following the corresponding {@code Future.get()} in another thread.
+ *
+ * @see FutureTask
+ * @see Executor
+ * @since 1.5
+ * @author Doug Lea
+ * @param <V> The result type returned by this Future's <tt>get</tt> method
+ */
+public interface Future<V> {
+
+ /**
+ * Attempts to cancel execution of this task. This attempt will
+ * fail if the task has already completed, has already been cancelled,
+ * or could not be cancelled for some other reason. If successful,
+ * and this task has not started when <tt>cancel</tt> is called,
+ * this task should never run. If the task has already started,
+ * then the <tt>mayInterruptIfRunning</tt> parameter determines
+ * whether the thread executing this task should be interrupted in
+ * an attempt to stop the task.
+ *
+ * <p>After this method returns, subsequent calls to {@link #isDone} will
+ * always return <tt>true</tt>. Subsequent calls to {@link #isCancelled}
+ * will always return <tt>true</tt> if this method returned <tt>true</tt>.
+ *
+ * @param mayInterruptIfRunning <tt>true</tt> if the thread executing this
+ * task should be interrupted; otherwise, in-progress tasks are allowed
+ * to complete
+ * @return <tt>false</tt> if the task could not be cancelled,
+ * typically because it has already completed normally;
+ * <tt>true</tt> otherwise
+ */
+ boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning);
+
+ /**
+ * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this task was cancelled before it completed
+ * normally.
+ *
+ * @return <tt>true</tt> if this task was cancelled before it completed
+ */
+ boolean isCancelled();
+
+ /**
+ * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this task completed.
+ *
+ * Completion may be due to normal termination, an exception, or
+ * cancellation -- in all of these cases, this method will return
+ * <tt>true</tt>.
+ *
+ * @return <tt>true</tt> if this task completed
+ */
+ boolean isDone();
+
+ /**
+ * Waits if necessary for the computation to complete, and then
+ * retrieves its result.
+ *
+ * @return the computed result
+ * @throws CancellationException if the computation was cancelled
+ * @throws ExecutionException if the computation threw an
+ * exception
+ * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread was interrupted
+ * while waiting
+ */
+ V get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException;
+
+ /**
+ * Waits if necessary for at most the given time for the computation
+ * to complete, and then retrieves its result, if available.
+ *
+ * @param timeout the maximum time to wait
+ * @param unit the time unit of the timeout argument
+ * @return the computed result
+ * @throws CancellationException if the computation was cancelled
+ * @throws ExecutionException if the computation threw an
+ * exception
+ * @throws InterruptedException if the current thread was interrupted
+ * while waiting
+ * @throws TimeoutException if the wait timed out
+ */
+ V get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
+ throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException;
+}