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-/* Induction variable canonicalization.
- Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-This file is part of GCC.
-
-GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
-Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
-later version.
-
-GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
-for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-along with GCC; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
-Software Foundation, 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
-02110-1301, USA. */
-
-/* This pass detects the loops that iterate a constant number of times,
- adds a canonical induction variable (step -1, tested against 0)
- and replaces the exit test. This enables the less powerful rtl
- level analysis to use this information.
-
- This might spoil the code in some cases (by increasing register pressure).
- Note that in the case the new variable is not needed, ivopts will get rid
- of it, so it might only be a problem when there are no other linear induction
- variables. In that case the created optimization possibilities are likely
- to pay up.
-
- Additionally in case we detect that it is beneficial to unroll the
- loop completely, we do it right here to expose the optimization
- possibilities to the following passes. */
-
-#include "config.h"
-#include "system.h"
-#include "coretypes.h"
-#include "tm.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-#include "rtl.h"
-#include "tm_p.h"
-#include "hard-reg-set.h"
-#include "basic-block.h"
-#include "output.h"
-#include "diagnostic.h"
-#include "tree-flow.h"
-#include "tree-dump.h"
-#include "cfgloop.h"
-#include "tree-pass.h"
-#include "ggc.h"
-#include "tree-chrec.h"
-#include "tree-scalar-evolution.h"
-#include "params.h"
-#include "flags.h"
-#include "tree-inline.h"
-
-/* Specifies types of loops that may be unrolled. */
-
-enum unroll_level
-{
- UL_SINGLE_ITER, /* Only loops that exit immediately in the first
- iteration. */
- UL_NO_GROWTH, /* Only loops whose unrolling will not cause increase
- of code size. */
- UL_ALL /* All suitable loops. */
-};
-
-/* Adds a canonical induction variable to LOOP iterating NITER times. EXIT
- is the exit edge whose condition is replaced. */
-
-static void
-create_canonical_iv (struct loop *loop, edge exit, tree niter)
-{
- edge in;
- tree cond, type, var;
- block_stmt_iterator incr_at;
- enum tree_code cmp;
-
- if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
- {
- fprintf (dump_file, "Added canonical iv to loop %d, ", loop->num);
- print_generic_expr (dump_file, niter, TDF_SLIM);
- fprintf (dump_file, " iterations.\n");
- }
-
- cond = last_stmt (exit->src);
- in = EDGE_SUCC (exit->src, 0);
- if (in == exit)
- in = EDGE_SUCC (exit->src, 1);
-
- /* Note that we do not need to worry about overflows, since
- type of niter is always unsigned and all comparisons are
- just for equality/nonequality -- i.e. everything works
- with a modulo arithmetics. */
-
- type = TREE_TYPE (niter);
- niter = fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR, type,
- niter,
- build_int_cst (type, 1));
- incr_at = bsi_last (in->src);
- create_iv (niter,
- build_int_cst (type, -1),
- NULL_TREE, loop,
- &incr_at, false, NULL, &var);
-
- cmp = (exit->flags & EDGE_TRUE_VALUE) ? EQ_EXPR : NE_EXPR;
- COND_EXPR_COND (cond) = build2 (cmp, boolean_type_node,
- var,
- build_int_cst (type, 0));
- update_stmt (cond);
-}
-
-/* Computes an estimated number of insns in LOOP. */
-
-unsigned
-tree_num_loop_insns (struct loop *loop)
-{
- basic_block *body = get_loop_body (loop);
- block_stmt_iterator bsi;
- unsigned size = 1, i;
-
- for (i = 0; i < loop->num_nodes; i++)
- for (bsi = bsi_start (body[i]); !bsi_end_p (bsi); bsi_next (&bsi))
- size += estimate_num_insns (bsi_stmt (bsi));
- free (body);
-
- return size;
-}
-
-/* Estimate number of insns of completely unrolled loop. We assume
- that the size of the unrolled loop is decreased in the
- following way (the numbers of insns are based on what
- estimate_num_insns returns for appropriate statements):
-
- 1) exit condition gets removed (2 insns)
- 2) increment of the control variable gets removed (2 insns)
- 3) All remaining statements are likely to get simplified
- due to constant propagation. Hard to estimate; just
- as a heuristics we decrease the rest by 1/3.
-
- NINSNS is the number of insns in the loop before unrolling.
- NUNROLL is the number of times the loop is unrolled. */
-
-static unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT
-estimated_unrolled_size (unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT ninsns,
- unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT nunroll)
-{
- HOST_WIDE_INT unr_insns = 2 * ((HOST_WIDE_INT) ninsns - 4) / 3;
- if (unr_insns <= 0)
- unr_insns = 1;
- unr_insns *= (nunroll + 1);
-
- return unr_insns;
-}
-
-/* Tries to unroll LOOP completely, i.e. NITER times. LOOPS is the
- loop tree. UL determines which loops we are allowed to unroll.
- EXIT is the exit of the loop that should be eliminated. */
-
-static bool
-try_unroll_loop_completely (struct loops *loops ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
- struct loop *loop,
- edge exit, tree niter,
- enum unroll_level ul)
-{
- unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT n_unroll, ninsns, max_unroll, unr_insns;
- tree old_cond, cond, dont_exit, do_exit;
-
- if (loop->inner)
- return false;
-
- if (!host_integerp (niter, 1))
- return false;
- n_unroll = tree_low_cst (niter, 1);
-
- max_unroll = PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_COMPLETELY_PEEL_TIMES);
- if (n_unroll > max_unroll)
- return false;
-
- if (n_unroll)
- {
- if (ul == UL_SINGLE_ITER)
- return false;
-
- ninsns = tree_num_loop_insns (loop);
-
- if (n_unroll * ninsns
- > (unsigned) PARAM_VALUE (PARAM_MAX_COMPLETELY_PEELED_INSNS))
- return false;
-
- if (ul == UL_NO_GROWTH)
- {
- unr_insns = estimated_unrolled_size (ninsns, n_unroll);
-
- if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
- {
- fprintf (dump_file, " Loop size: %d\n", (int) ninsns);
- fprintf (dump_file, " Estimated size after unrolling: %d\n",
- (int) unr_insns);
- }
-
- if (unr_insns > ninsns)
- {
- if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
- fprintf (dump_file, "Not unrolling loop %d:\n", loop->num);
- return false;
- }
- }
- }
-
- if (exit->flags & EDGE_TRUE_VALUE)
- {
- dont_exit = boolean_false_node;
- do_exit = boolean_true_node;
- }
- else
- {
- dont_exit = boolean_true_node;
- do_exit = boolean_false_node;
- }
- cond = last_stmt (exit->src);
-
- if (n_unroll)
- {
- sbitmap wont_exit;
- edge *edges_to_remove = XNEWVEC (edge, n_unroll);
- unsigned int n_to_remove = 0;
-
- old_cond = COND_EXPR_COND (cond);
- COND_EXPR_COND (cond) = dont_exit;
- update_stmt (cond);
- initialize_original_copy_tables ();
-
- wont_exit = sbitmap_alloc (n_unroll + 1);
- sbitmap_ones (wont_exit);
- RESET_BIT (wont_exit, 0);
-
- if (!tree_duplicate_loop_to_header_edge (loop, loop_preheader_edge (loop),
- loops, n_unroll, wont_exit,
- exit, edges_to_remove,
- &n_to_remove,
- DLTHE_FLAG_UPDATE_FREQ
- | DLTHE_FLAG_COMPLETTE_PEEL))
- {
- COND_EXPR_COND (cond) = old_cond;
- update_stmt (cond);
- free_original_copy_tables ();
- free (wont_exit);
- free (edges_to_remove);
- return false;
- }
- free (wont_exit);
- free (edges_to_remove);
- free_original_copy_tables ();
- }
-
- COND_EXPR_COND (cond) = do_exit;
- update_stmt (cond);
-
- update_ssa (TODO_update_ssa);
-
- if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
- fprintf (dump_file, "Unrolled loop %d completely.\n", loop->num);
-
- return true;
-}
-
-/* Adds a canonical induction variable to LOOP if suitable. LOOPS is the loops
- tree. CREATE_IV is true if we may create a new iv. UL determines
- which loops we are allowed to completely unroll. If TRY_EVAL is true, we try
- to determine the number of iterations of a loop by direct evaluation.
- Returns true if cfg is changed. */
-
-static bool
-canonicalize_loop_induction_variables (struct loops *loops, struct loop *loop,
- bool create_iv, enum unroll_level ul,
- bool try_eval)
-{
- edge exit = NULL;
- tree niter;
-
- niter = number_of_iterations_in_loop (loop);
- if (TREE_CODE (niter) == INTEGER_CST)
- {
- exit = loop->single_exit;
- if (!just_once_each_iteration_p (loop, exit->src))
- return false;
-
- /* The result of number_of_iterations_in_loop is by one higher than
- we expect (i.e. it returns number of executions of the exit
- condition, not of the loop latch edge). */
- niter = fold_build2 (MINUS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (niter), niter,
- build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (niter), 1));
- }
- else
- {
- /* If the loop has more than one exit, try checking all of them
- for # of iterations determinable through scev. */
- if (!loop->single_exit)
- niter = find_loop_niter (loop, &exit);
-
- /* Finally if everything else fails, try brute force evaluation. */
- if (try_eval
- && (chrec_contains_undetermined (niter)
- || TREE_CODE (niter) != INTEGER_CST))
- niter = find_loop_niter_by_eval (loop, &exit);
-
- if (chrec_contains_undetermined (niter)
- || TREE_CODE (niter) != INTEGER_CST)
- return false;
- }
-
- if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
- {
- fprintf (dump_file, "Loop %d iterates ", loop->num);
- print_generic_expr (dump_file, niter, TDF_SLIM);
- fprintf (dump_file, " times.\n");
- }
-
- if (try_unroll_loop_completely (loops, loop, exit, niter, ul))
- return true;
-
- if (create_iv)
- create_canonical_iv (loop, exit, niter);
-
- return false;
-}
-
-/* The main entry point of the pass. Adds canonical induction variables
- to the suitable LOOPS. */
-
-unsigned int
-canonicalize_induction_variables (struct loops *loops)
-{
- unsigned i;
- struct loop *loop;
- bool changed = false;
-
- for (i = 1; i < loops->num; i++)
- {
- loop = loops->parray[i];
-
- if (loop)
- changed |= canonicalize_loop_induction_variables (loops, loop,
- true, UL_SINGLE_ITER,
- true);
- }
-
- /* Clean up the information about numbers of iterations, since brute force
- evaluation could reveal new information. */
- scev_reset ();
-
- if (changed)
- return TODO_cleanup_cfg;
- return 0;
-}
-
-/* Unroll LOOPS completely if they iterate just few times. Unless
- MAY_INCREASE_SIZE is true, perform the unrolling only if the
- size of the code does not increase. */
-
-unsigned int
-tree_unroll_loops_completely (struct loops *loops, bool may_increase_size)
-{
- unsigned i;
- struct loop *loop;
- bool changed = false;
- enum unroll_level ul;
-
- for (i = 1; i < loops->num; i++)
- {
- loop = loops->parray[i];
-
- if (!loop)
- continue;
-
- if (may_increase_size && maybe_hot_bb_p (loop->header))
- ul = UL_ALL;
- else
- ul = UL_NO_GROWTH;
- changed |= canonicalize_loop_induction_variables (loops, loop,
- false, ul,
- !flag_tree_loop_ivcanon);
- }
-
- /* Clean up the information about numbers of iterations, since complete
- unrolling might have invalidated it. */
- scev_reset ();
-
- if (changed)
- return TODO_cleanup_cfg;
- return 0;
-}
-
-/* Checks whether LOOP is empty. */
-
-static bool
-empty_loop_p (struct loop *loop)
-{
- edge exit;
- struct tree_niter_desc niter;
- tree phi, def;
- basic_block *body;
- block_stmt_iterator bsi;
- unsigned i;
- tree stmt;
-
- /* If the loop has multiple exits, it is too hard for us to handle.
- Similarly, if the exit is not dominating, we cannot determine
- whether the loop is not infinite. */
- exit = single_dom_exit (loop);
- if (!exit)
- return false;
-
- /* The loop must be finite. */
- if (!number_of_iterations_exit (loop, exit, &niter, false))
- return false;
-
- /* Values of all loop exit phi nodes must be invariants. */
- for (phi = phi_nodes (exit->dest); phi; phi = PHI_CHAIN (phi))
- {
- if (!is_gimple_reg (PHI_RESULT (phi)))
- continue;
-
- def = PHI_ARG_DEF_FROM_EDGE (phi, exit);
-
- if (!expr_invariant_in_loop_p (loop, def))
- return false;
- }
-
- /* And there should be no memory modifying or from other reasons
- unremovable statements. */
- body = get_loop_body (loop);
- for (i = 0; i < loop->num_nodes; i++)
- {
- /* Irreducible region might be infinite. */
- if (body[i]->flags & BB_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP)
- {
- free (body);
- return false;
- }
-
- for (bsi = bsi_start (body[i]); !bsi_end_p (bsi); bsi_next (&bsi))
- {
- stmt = bsi_stmt (bsi);
- if (!ZERO_SSA_OPERANDS (stmt, SSA_OP_VIRTUAL_DEFS)
- || stmt_ann (stmt)->has_volatile_ops)
- {
- free (body);
- return false;
- }
-
- /* Also, asm statements and calls may have side effects and we
- cannot change the number of times they are executed. */
- switch (TREE_CODE (stmt))
- {
- case RETURN_EXPR:
- case MODIFY_EXPR:
- stmt = get_call_expr_in (stmt);
- if (!stmt)
- break;
-
- case CALL_EXPR:
- if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (stmt))
- {
- free (body);
- return false;
- }
- break;
-
- case ASM_EXPR:
- /* We cannot remove volatile assembler. */
- if (ASM_VOLATILE_P (stmt))
- {
- free (body);
- return false;
- }
- break;
-
- default:
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- free (body);
-
- return true;
-}
-
-/* Remove LOOP by making it exit in the first iteration. */
-
-static void
-remove_empty_loop (struct loop *loop)
-{
- edge exit = single_dom_exit (loop), non_exit;
- tree cond_stmt = last_stmt (exit->src);
- tree do_exit;
- basic_block *body;
- unsigned n_before, freq_in, freq_h;
- gcov_type exit_count = exit->count;
-
- non_exit = EDGE_SUCC (exit->src, 0);
- if (non_exit == exit)
- non_exit = EDGE_SUCC (exit->src, 1);
-
- if (exit->flags & EDGE_TRUE_VALUE)
- do_exit = boolean_true_node;
- else
- do_exit = boolean_false_node;
-
- COND_EXPR_COND (cond_stmt) = do_exit;
- update_stmt (cond_stmt);
-
- /* Let us set the probabilities of the edges coming from the exit block. */
- exit->probability = REG_BR_PROB_BASE;
- non_exit->probability = 0;
- non_exit->count = 0;
-
- /* Update frequencies and counts. Everything before
- the exit needs to be scaled FREQ_IN/FREQ_H times,
- where FREQ_IN is the frequency of the entry edge
- and FREQ_H is the frequency of the loop header.
- Everything after the exit has zero frequency. */
- freq_h = loop->header->frequency;
- freq_in = EDGE_FREQUENCY (loop_preheader_edge (loop));
- if (freq_h != 0)
- {
- body = get_loop_body_in_dom_order (loop);
- for (n_before = 1; n_before <= loop->num_nodes; n_before++)
- if (body[n_before - 1] == exit->src)
- break;
- scale_bbs_frequencies_int (body, n_before, freq_in, freq_h);
- scale_bbs_frequencies_int (body + n_before, loop->num_nodes - n_before,
- 0, 1);
- free (body);
- }
-
- /* Number of executions of exit is not changed, thus we need to restore
- the original value. */
- exit->count = exit_count;
-}
-
-/* Removes LOOP if it is empty. Returns true if LOOP is removed. CHANGED
- is set to true if LOOP or any of its subloops is removed. */
-
-static bool
-try_remove_empty_loop (struct loop *loop, bool *changed)
-{
- bool nonempty_subloop = false;
- struct loop *sub;
-
- /* First, all subloops must be removed. */
- for (sub = loop->inner; sub; sub = sub->next)
- nonempty_subloop |= !try_remove_empty_loop (sub, changed);
-
- if (nonempty_subloop || !empty_loop_p (loop))
- return false;
-
- remove_empty_loop (loop);
- *changed = true;
- return true;
-}
-
-/* Remove the empty LOOPS. */
-
-unsigned int
-remove_empty_loops (struct loops *loops)
-{
- bool changed = false;
- struct loop *loop;
-
- for (loop = loops->tree_root->inner; loop; loop = loop->next)
- try_remove_empty_loop (loop, &changed);
-
- if (changed)
- {
- scev_reset ();
- return TODO_cleanup_cfg;
- }
- return 0;
-}