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-@c Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, 2004, 2011
-@c Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-@c This is part of the GAS manual.
-@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo.
-@page
-@node HPPA-Dependent
-@chapter HPPA Dependent Features
-
-@cindex support
-@menu
-* HPPA Notes:: Notes
-* HPPA Options:: Options
-* HPPA Syntax:: Syntax
-* HPPA Floating Point:: Floating Point
-* HPPA Directives:: HPPA Machine Directives
-* HPPA Opcodes:: Opcodes
-@end menu
-
-@node HPPA Notes
-@section Notes
-As a back end for @sc{gnu} @sc{cc} @code{@value{AS}} has been throughly tested and should
-work extremely well. We have tested it only minimally on hand written assembly
-code and no one has tested it much on the assembly output from the HP
-compilers.
-
-The format of the debugging sections has changed since the original
-@code{@value{AS}} port (version 1.3X) was released; therefore,
-you must rebuild all HPPA objects and libraries with the new
-assembler so that you can debug the final executable.
-
-The HPPA @code{@value{AS}} port generates a small subset of the relocations
-available in the SOM and ELF object file formats. Additional relocation
-support will be added as it becomes necessary.
-
-@node HPPA Options
-@section Options
-@code{@value{AS}} has no machine-dependent command-line options for the HPPA.
-
-@cindex HPPA Syntax
-@node HPPA Syntax
-@section Syntax
-The assembler syntax closely follows the HPPA instruction set
-reference manual; assembler directives and general syntax closely follow the
-HPPA assembly language reference manual, with a few noteworthy differences.
-
-First, a colon may immediately follow a label definition. This is
-simply for compatibility with how most assembly language programmers
-write code.
-
-Some obscure expression parsing problems may affect hand written code which
-uses the @code{spop} instructions, or code which makes significant
-use of the @code{!} line separator.
-
-@code{@value{AS}} is much less forgiving about missing arguments and other
-similar oversights than the HP assembler. @code{@value{AS}} notifies you
-of missing arguments as syntax errors; this is regarded as a feature, not a
-bug.
-
-Finally, @code{@value{AS}} allows you to use an external symbol without
-explicitly importing the symbol. @emph{Warning:} in the future this will be
-an error for HPPA targets.
-
-Special characters for HPPA targets include:
-
-@samp{;} is the line comment character.
-
-@samp{!} can be used instead of a newline to separate statements.
-
-Since @samp{$} has no special meaning, you may use it in symbol names.
-
-@node HPPA Floating Point
-@section Floating Point
-@cindex floating point, HPPA (@sc{ieee})
-@cindex HPPA floating point (@sc{ieee})
-The HPPA family uses @sc{ieee} floating-point numbers.
-
-@node HPPA Directives
-@section HPPA Assembler Directives
-
-@code{@value{AS}} for the HPPA supports many additional directives for
-compatibility with the native assembler. This section describes them only
-briefly. For detailed information on HPPA-specific assembler directives, see
-@cite{HP9000 Series 800 Assembly Language Reference Manual} (HP 92432-90001).
-
-@cindex HPPA directives not supported
-@code{@value{AS}} does @emph{not} support the following assembler directives
-described in the HP manual:
-
-@example
-.endm .liston
-.enter .locct
-.leave .macro
-.listoff
-@end example
-
-@cindex @code{.param} on HPPA
-Beyond those implemented for compatibility, @code{@value{AS}} supports one
-additional assembler directive for the HPPA: @code{.param}. It conveys
-register argument locations for static functions. Its syntax closely follows
-the @code{.export} directive.
-
-@cindex HPPA-only directives
-These are the additional directives in @code{@value{AS}} for the HPPA:
-
-@table @code
-@item .block @var{n}
-@itemx .blockz @var{n}
-Reserve @var{n} bytes of storage, and initialize them to zero.
-
-@item .call
-Mark the beginning of a procedure call. Only the special case with @emph{no
-arguments} is allowed.
-
-@item .callinfo [ @var{param}=@var{value}, @dots{} ] [ @var{flag}, @dots{} ]
-Specify a number of parameters and flags that define the environment for a
-procedure.
-
-@var{param} may be any of @samp{frame} (frame size), @samp{entry_gr} (end of
-general register range), @samp{entry_fr} (end of float register range),
-@samp{entry_sr} (end of space register range).
-
-The values for @var{flag} are @samp{calls} or @samp{caller} (proc has
-subroutines), @samp{no_calls} (proc does not call subroutines), @samp{save_rp}
-(preserve return pointer), @samp{save_sp} (proc preserves stack pointer),
-@samp{no_unwind} (do not unwind this proc), @samp{hpux_int} (proc is interrupt
-routine).
-
-@item .code
-Assemble into the standard section called @samp{$TEXT$}, subsection
-@samp{$CODE$}.
-
-@ifset SOM
-@item .copyright "@var{string}"
-In the SOM object format, insert @var{string} into the object code, marked as a
-copyright string.
-@end ifset
-
-@ifset ELF
-@item .copyright "@var{string}"
-In the ELF object format, insert @var{string} into the object code, marked as a
-version string.
-@end ifset
-
-@item .enter
-Not yet supported; the assembler rejects programs containing this directive.
-
-@item .entry
-Mark the beginning of a procedure.
-
-@item .exit
-Mark the end of a procedure.
-
-@item .export @var{name} [ ,@var{typ} ] [ ,@var{param}=@var{r} ]
-Make a procedure @var{name} available to callers. @var{typ}, if present, must
-be one of @samp{absolute}, @samp{code} (ELF only, not SOM), @samp{data},
-@samp{entry}, @samp{data}, @samp{entry}, @samp{millicode}, @samp{plabel},
-@samp{pri_prog}, or @samp{sec_prog}.
-
-@var{param}, if present, provides either relocation information for the
-procedure arguments and result, or a privilege level. @var{param} may be
-@samp{argw@var{n}} (where @var{n} ranges from @code{0} to @code{3}, and
-indicates one of four one-word arguments); @samp{rtnval} (the procedure's
-result); or @samp{priv_lev} (privilege level). For arguments or the result,
-@var{r} specifies how to relocate, and must be one of @samp{no} (not
-relocatable), @samp{gr} (argument is in general register), @samp{fr} (in
-floating point register), or @samp{fu} (upper half of float register).
-For @samp{priv_lev}, @var{r} is an integer.
-
-@item .half @var{n}
-Define a two-byte integer constant @var{n}; synonym for the portable
-@code{@value{AS}} directive @code{.short}.
-
-@item .import @var{name} [ ,@var{typ} ]
-Converse of @code{.export}; make a procedure available to call. The arguments
-use the same conventions as the first two arguments for @code{.export}.
-
-@item .label @var{name}
-Define @var{name} as a label for the current assembly location.
-
-@item .leave
-Not yet supported; the assembler rejects programs containing this directive.
-
-@item .origin @var{lc}
-Advance location counter to @var{lc}. Synonym for the @code{@value{AS}}
-portable directive @code{.org}.
-
-@item .param @var{name} [ ,@var{typ} ] [ ,@var{param}=@var{r} ]
-@c Not in HP manual; @sc{gnu} HPPA extension
-Similar to @code{.export}, but used for static procedures.
-
-@item .proc
-Use preceding the first statement of a procedure.
-
-@item .procend
-Use following the last statement of a procedure.
-
-@item @var{label} .reg @var{expr}
-@c ?? Not in HP manual (Jan 1988 vn)
-Synonym for @code{.equ}; define @var{label} with the absolute expression
-@var{expr} as its value.
-
-@item .space @var{secname} [ ,@var{params} ]
-Switch to section @var{secname}, creating a new section by that name if
-necessary. You may only use @var{params} when creating a new section, not
-when switching to an existing one. @var{secname} may identify a section by
-number rather than by name.
-
-If specified, the list @var{params} declares attributes of the section,
-identified by keywords. The keywords recognized are @samp{spnum=@var{exp}}
-(identify this section by the number @var{exp}, an absolute expression),
-@samp{sort=@var{exp}} (order sections according to this sort key when linking;
-@var{exp} is an absolute expression), @samp{unloadable} (section contains no
-loadable data), @samp{notdefined} (this section defined elsewhere), and
-@samp{private} (data in this section not available to other programs).
-
-@item .spnum @var{secnam}
-@c ?? Not in HP manual (Jan 1988)
-Allocate four bytes of storage, and initialize them with the section number of
-the section named @var{secnam}. (You can define the section number with the
-HPPA @code{.space} directive.)
-
-@cindex @code{string} directive on HPPA
-@item .string "@var{str}"
-Copy the characters in the string @var{str} to the object file.
-@xref{Strings,,Strings}, for information on escape sequences you can use in
-@code{@value{AS}} strings.
-
-@emph{Warning!} The HPPA version of @code{.string} differs from the
-usual @code{@value{AS}} definition: it does @emph{not} write a zero byte
-after copying @var{str}.
-
-@item .stringz "@var{str}"
-Like @code{.string}, but appends a zero byte after copying @var{str} to object
-file.
-
-@item .subspa @var{name} [ ,@var{params} ]
-@itemx .nsubspa @var{name} [ ,@var{params} ]
-Similar to @code{.space}, but selects a subsection @var{name} within the
-current section. You may only specify @var{params} when you create a
-subsection (in the first instance of @code{.subspa} for this @var{name}).
-
-If specified, the list @var{params} declares attributes of the subsection,
-identified by keywords. The keywords recognized are @samp{quad=@var{expr}}
-(``quadrant'' for this subsection), @samp{align=@var{expr}} (alignment for
-beginning of this subsection; a power of two), @samp{access=@var{expr}} (value
-for ``access rights'' field), @samp{sort=@var{expr}} (sorting order for this
-subspace in link), @samp{code_only} (subsection contains only code),
-@samp{unloadable} (subsection cannot be loaded into memory), @samp{comdat}
-(subsection is comdat), @samp{common} (subsection is common block),
-@samp{dup_comm} (subsection may have duplicate names), or @samp{zero}
-(subsection is all zeros, do not write in object file).
-
-@code{.nsubspa} always creates a new subspace with the given name, even
-if one with the same name already exists.
-
-@samp{comdat}, @samp{common} and @samp{dup_comm} can be used to implement
-various flavors of one-only support when using the SOM linker. The SOM
-linker only supports specific combinations of these flags. The details
-are not documented. A brief description is provided here.
-
-@samp{comdat} provides a form of linkonce support. It is useful for
-both code and data subspaces. A @samp{comdat} subspace has a key symbol
-marked by the @samp{is_comdat} flag or @samp{ST_COMDAT}. Only the first
-subspace for any given key is selected. The key symbol becomes universal
-in shared links. This is similar to the behavior of @samp{secondary_def}
-symbols.
-
-@samp{common} provides Fortran named common support. It is only useful
-for data subspaces. Symbols with the flag @samp{is_common} retain this
-flag in shared links. Referencing a @samp{is_common} symbol in a shared
-library from outside the library doesn't work. Thus, @samp{is_common}
-symbols must be output whenever they are needed.
-
-@samp{common} and @samp{dup_comm} together provide Cobol common support.
-The subspaces in this case must all be the same length. Otherwise, this
-support is similar to the Fortran common support.
-
-@samp{dup_comm} by itself provides a type of one-only support for code.
-Only the first @samp{dup_comm} subspace is selected. There is a rather
-complex algorithm to compare subspaces. Code symbols marked with the
-@samp{dup_common} flag are hidden. This support was intended for "C++
-duplicate inlines".
-
-A simplified technique is used to mark the flags of symbols based on
-the flags of their subspace. A symbol with the scope SS_UNIVERSAL and
-type ST_ENTRY, ST_CODE or ST_DATA is marked with the corresponding
-settings of @samp{comdat}, @samp{common} and @samp{dup_comm} from the
-subspace, respectively. This avoids having to introduce additional
-directives to mark these symbols. The HP assembler sets @samp{is_common}
-from @samp{common}. However, it doesn't set the @samp{dup_common} from
-@samp{dup_comm}. It doesn't have @samp{comdat} support.
-
-@item .version "@var{str}"
-Write @var{str} as version identifier in object code.
-@end table
-
-@node HPPA Opcodes
-@section Opcodes
-For detailed information on the HPPA machine instruction set, see
-@cite{PA-RISC Architecture and Instruction Set Reference Manual}
-(HP 09740-90039).