/* * Copyright 2006, The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "backtrace.h" #include "getevent.h" #include "tombstone.h" #include "utility.h" // If the 32 bit executable is compiled on a 64 bit system, // use the 32 bit socket name. #if defined(TARGET_IS_64_BIT) && !defined(__LP64__) #define SOCKET_NAME DEBUGGER32_SOCKET_NAME #else #define SOCKET_NAME DEBUGGER_SOCKET_NAME #endif struct debugger_request_t { debugger_action_t action; pid_t pid, tid; uid_t uid, gid; uintptr_t abort_msg_address; int32_t original_si_code; }; static void wait_for_user_action(const debugger_request_t& request) { // Explain how to attach the debugger. ALOGI("***********************************************************\n" "* Process %d has been suspended while crashing.\n" "* To attach gdbserver and start gdb, run this on the host:\n" "*\n" "* gdbclient.py -p %d\n" "*\n" "* Wait for gdb to start, then press the VOLUME DOWN key\n" "* to let the process continue crashing.\n" "***********************************************************", request.pid, request.tid); // Wait for VOLUME DOWN. while (true) { input_event e; if (get_event(&e, -1) == 0) { if (e.type == EV_KEY && e.code == KEY_VOLUMEDOWN && e.value == 0) { break; } } } ALOGI("debuggerd resuming process %d", request.pid); } static int get_process_info(pid_t tid, pid_t* out_pid, uid_t* out_uid, uid_t* out_gid) { char path[64]; snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/status", tid); FILE* fp = fopen(path, "r"); if (!fp) { return -1; } int fields = 0; char line[1024]; while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) { size_t len = strlen(line); if (len > 6 && !memcmp(line, "Tgid:\t", 6)) { *out_pid = atoi(line + 6); fields |= 1; } else if (len > 5 && !memcmp(line, "Uid:\t", 5)) { *out_uid = atoi(line + 5); fields |= 2; } else if (len > 5 && !memcmp(line, "Gid:\t", 5)) { *out_gid = atoi(line + 5); fields |= 4; } } fclose(fp); return fields == 7 ? 0 : -1; } /* * Corresponds with debugger_action_t enum type in * include/cutils/debugger.h. */ static const char *debuggerd_perms[] = { NULL, /* crash is only used on self, no check applied */ "dump_tombstone", "dump_backtrace" }; static int audit_callback(void* data, security_class_t /* cls */, char* buf, size_t len) { struct debugger_request_t* req = reinterpret_cast(data); if (!req) { ALOGE("No debuggerd request audit data"); return 0; } snprintf(buf, len, "pid=%d uid=%d gid=%d", req->pid, req->uid, req->gid); return 0; } static bool selinux_action_allowed(int s, debugger_request_t* request) { char *scon = NULL, *tcon = NULL; const char *tclass = "debuggerd"; const char *perm; bool allowed = false; if (request->action <= 0 || request->action >= (sizeof(debuggerd_perms)/sizeof(debuggerd_perms[0]))) { ALOGE("SELinux: No permission defined for debugger action %d", request->action); return false; } perm = debuggerd_perms[request->action]; if (getpeercon(s, &scon) < 0) { ALOGE("Cannot get peer context from socket\n"); goto out; } if (getpidcon(request->tid, &tcon) < 0) { ALOGE("Cannot get context for tid %d\n", request->tid); goto out; } allowed = (selinux_check_access(scon, tcon, tclass, perm, reinterpret_cast(request)) == 0); out: freecon(scon); freecon(tcon); return allowed; } static int read_request(int fd, debugger_request_t* out_request) { ucred cr; socklen_t len = sizeof(cr); int status = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERCRED, &cr, &len); if (status != 0) { ALOGE("cannot get credentials"); return -1; } ALOGV("reading tid"); fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK); pollfd pollfds[1]; pollfds[0].fd = fd; pollfds[0].events = POLLIN; pollfds[0].revents = 0; status = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(poll(pollfds, 1, 3000)); if (status != 1) { ALOGE("timed out reading tid (from pid=%d uid=%d)\n", cr.pid, cr.uid); return -1; } debugger_msg_t msg; memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg)); status = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(fd, &msg, sizeof(msg))); if (status < 0) { ALOGE("read failure? %s (pid=%d uid=%d)\n", strerror(errno), cr.pid, cr.uid); return -1; } if (status != sizeof(debugger_msg_t)) { ALOGE("invalid crash request of size %d (from pid=%d uid=%d)\n", status, cr.pid, cr.uid); return -1; } out_request->action = static_cast(msg.action); out_request->tid = msg.tid; out_request->pid = cr.pid; out_request->uid = cr.uid; out_request->gid = cr.gid; out_request->abort_msg_address = msg.abort_msg_address; out_request->original_si_code = msg.original_si_code; if (msg.action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_CRASH) { // Ensure that the tid reported by the crashing process is valid. char buf[64]; struct stat s; snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "/proc/%d/task/%d", out_request->pid, out_request->tid); if (stat(buf, &s)) { ALOGE("tid %d does not exist in pid %d. ignoring debug request\n", out_request->tid, out_request->pid); return -1; } } else if (cr.uid == 0 || (cr.uid == AID_SYSTEM && msg.action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_DUMP_BACKTRACE)) { // Only root or system can ask us to attach to any process and dump it explicitly. // However, system is only allowed to collect backtraces but cannot dump tombstones. status = get_process_info(out_request->tid, &out_request->pid, &out_request->uid, &out_request->gid); if (status < 0) { ALOGE("tid %d does not exist. ignoring explicit dump request\n", out_request->tid); return -1; } if (!selinux_action_allowed(fd, out_request)) return -1; } else { // No one else is allowed to dump arbitrary processes. return -1; } return 0; } static bool should_attach_gdb(debugger_request_t* request) { if (request->action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_CRASH) { return property_get_bool("debug.debuggerd.wait_for_gdb", false); } return false; } #if defined(__LP64__) static bool is32bit(pid_t tid) { char* exeline; if (asprintf(&exeline, "/proc/%d/exe", tid) == -1) { return false; } int fd = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(open(exeline, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC)); int saved_errno = errno; free(exeline); if (fd == -1) { ALOGW("Failed to open /proc/%d/exe %s", tid, strerror(saved_errno)); return false; } char ehdr[EI_NIDENT]; ssize_t bytes = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(fd, &ehdr, sizeof(ehdr))); close(fd); if (bytes != (ssize_t) sizeof(ehdr) || memcmp(ELFMAG, ehdr, SELFMAG) != 0) { return false; } if (ehdr[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS32) { return true; } return false; } static void redirect_to_32(int fd, debugger_request_t* request) { debugger_msg_t msg; memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg)); msg.tid = request->tid; msg.action = request->action; int sock_fd = socket_local_client(DEBUGGER32_SOCKET_NAME, ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_ABSTRACT, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC); if (sock_fd < 0) { ALOGE("Failed to connect to debuggerd32: %s", strerror(errno)); return; } if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(sock_fd, &msg, sizeof(msg))) != (ssize_t) sizeof(msg)) { ALOGE("Failed to write request to debuggerd32 socket: %s", strerror(errno)); close(sock_fd); return; } char ack; if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(sock_fd, &ack, 1)) == -1) { ALOGE("Failed to read ack from debuggerd32 socket: %s", strerror(errno)); close(sock_fd); return; } char buffer[1024]; ssize_t bytes_read; while ((bytes_read = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(sock_fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)))) > 0) { ssize_t bytes_to_send = bytes_read; ssize_t bytes_written; do { bytes_written = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(fd, buffer + bytes_read - bytes_to_send, bytes_to_send)); if (bytes_written == -1) { if (errno == EAGAIN) { // Retry the write. continue; } ALOGE("Error while writing data to fd: %s", strerror(errno)); break; } bytes_to_send -= bytes_written; } while (bytes_written != 0 && bytes_to_send > 0); if (bytes_to_send != 0) { ALOGE("Failed to write all data to fd: read %zd, sent %zd", bytes_read, bytes_to_send); break; } } close(sock_fd); } #endif static void ptrace_siblings(pid_t pid, pid_t main_tid, std::set& tids) { char task_path[64]; snprintf(task_path, sizeof(task_path), "/proc/%d/task", pid); std::unique_ptr d(opendir(task_path), closedir); // Bail early if the task directory cannot be opened. if (!d) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to open /proc/%d/task: %s", pid, strerror(errno)); return; } struct dirent* de; while ((de = readdir(d.get())) != NULL) { // Ignore "." and "..". if (!strcmp(de->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(de->d_name, "..")) { continue; } char* end; pid_t tid = strtoul(de->d_name, &end, 10); if (*end) { continue; } if (tid == main_tid) { continue; } if (ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, tid, 0, 0) < 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: ptrace attach to %d failed: %s", tid, strerror(errno)); continue; } tids.insert(tid); } } static bool perform_dump(const debugger_request_t& request, int fd, int tombstone_fd, BacktraceMap* backtrace_map, const std::set& siblings, int* crash_signal) { if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(fd, "\0", 1)) != 1) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to respond to client: %s\n", strerror(errno)); return false; } int total_sleep_time_usec = 0; while (true) { int signal = wait_for_signal(request.tid, &total_sleep_time_usec); switch (signal) { case -1: ALOGE("debuggerd: timed out waiting for signal"); return false; case SIGSTOP: if (request.action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_DUMP_TOMBSTONE) { ALOGV("debuggerd: stopped -- dumping to tombstone"); engrave_tombstone(tombstone_fd, backtrace_map, request.pid, request.tid, siblings, signal, request.original_si_code, request.abort_msg_address); } else if (request.action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_DUMP_BACKTRACE) { ALOGV("debuggerd: stopped -- dumping to fd"); dump_backtrace(fd, -1, backtrace_map, request.pid, request.tid, siblings); } else { ALOGV("debuggerd: stopped -- continuing"); if (ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, request.tid, 0, 0) != 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: ptrace continue failed: %s", strerror(errno)); return false; } continue; // loop again } break; case SIGABRT: case SIGBUS: case SIGFPE: case SIGILL: case SIGSEGV: #ifdef SIGSTKFLT case SIGSTKFLT: #endif case SIGTRAP: ALOGV("stopped -- fatal signal\n"); // Send a SIGSTOP to the process to make all of // the non-signaled threads stop moving. Without // this we get a lot of "ptrace detach failed: // No such process". *crash_signal = signal; kill(request.pid, SIGSTOP); engrave_tombstone(tombstone_fd, backtrace_map, request.pid, request.tid, siblings, signal, request.original_si_code, request.abort_msg_address); break; default: ALOGE("debuggerd: process stopped due to unexpected signal %d\n", signal); break; } break; } return true; } static bool drop_privileges() { if (setresgid(AID_DEBUGGERD, AID_DEBUGGERD, AID_DEBUGGERD) != 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to setresgid"); return false; } if (setresuid(AID_DEBUGGERD, AID_DEBUGGERD, AID_DEBUGGERD) != 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to setresuid"); return false; } return true; } // Fork a process that listens for signals to send, or 0, to exit. static bool fork_signal_sender(int* out_fd, pid_t* sender_pid, pid_t target_pid) { int sfd[2]; if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET, 0, sfd) != 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to create socketpair for signal sender: %s", strerror(errno)); return false; } pid_t fork_pid = fork(); if (fork_pid == -1) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to initialize signal sender: fork failed: %s", strerror(errno)); return false; } else if (fork_pid == 0) { close(sfd[1]); while (true) { int signal; int rc = TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(sfd[0], &signal, sizeof(signal))); if (rc < 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: signal sender failed to read from socket"); kill(target_pid, SIGKILL); exit(1); } else if (rc != sizeof(signal)) { ALOGE("debuggerd: signal sender read unexpected number of bytes: %d", rc); kill(target_pid, SIGKILL); exit(1); } // Report success after sending a signal, or before exiting. int err = 0; if (signal != 0) { if (kill(target_pid, signal) != 0) { err = errno; } } if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(sfd[0], &err, sizeof(err))) < 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: signal sender failed to write: %s", strerror(errno)); kill(target_pid, SIGKILL); exit(1); } if (signal == 0) { exit(0); } } } else { close(sfd[0]); *out_fd = sfd[1]; *sender_pid = fork_pid; return true; } } static void handle_request(int fd) { ALOGV("handle_request(%d)\n", fd); ScopedFd closer(fd); debugger_request_t request; memset(&request, 0, sizeof(request)); int status = read_request(fd, &request); if (status != 0) { return; } ALOGV("BOOM: pid=%d uid=%d gid=%d tid=%d\n", request.pid, request.uid, request.gid, request.tid); #if defined(__LP64__) // On 64 bit systems, requests to dump 32 bit and 64 bit tids come // to the 64 bit debuggerd. If the process is a 32 bit executable, // redirect the request to the 32 bit debuggerd. if (is32bit(request.tid)) { // Only dump backtrace and dump tombstone requests can be redirected. if (request.action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_DUMP_BACKTRACE || request.action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_DUMP_TOMBSTONE) { redirect_to_32(fd, &request); } else { ALOGE("debuggerd: Not allowed to redirect action %d to 32 bit debuggerd\n", request.action); } return; } #endif // Fork a child to handle the rest of the request. pid_t fork_pid = fork(); if (fork_pid == -1) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to fork: %s\n", strerror(errno)); return; } else if (fork_pid != 0) { waitpid(fork_pid, nullptr, 0); return; } // Open the tombstone file if we need it. std::string tombstone_path; int tombstone_fd = -1; switch (request.action) { case DEBUGGER_ACTION_DUMP_TOMBSTONE: case DEBUGGER_ACTION_CRASH: tombstone_fd = open_tombstone(&tombstone_path); if (tombstone_fd == -1) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to open tombstone file: %s\n", strerror(errno)); exit(1); } break; case DEBUGGER_ACTION_DUMP_BACKTRACE: break; default: ALOGE("debuggerd: unexpected request action: %d", request.action); exit(1); } // At this point, the thread that made the request is blocked in // a read() call. If the thread has crashed, then this gives us // time to PTRACE_ATTACH to it before it has a chance to really fault. // // The PTRACE_ATTACH sends a SIGSTOP to the target process, but it // won't necessarily have stopped by the time ptrace() returns. (We // currently assume it does.) We write to the file descriptor to // ensure that it can run as soon as we call PTRACE_CONT below. // See details in bionic/libc/linker/debugger.c, in function // debugger_signal_handler(). // Attach to the target process. if (ptrace(PTRACE_ATTACH, request.tid, 0, 0) != 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: ptrace attach failed: %s", strerror(errno)); exit(1); } // Don't attach to the sibling threads if we want to attach gdb. // Supposedly, it makes the process less reliable. bool attach_gdb = should_attach_gdb(&request); int signal_fd = -1; pid_t signal_pid = 0; // Fork a process that stays root, and listens on a pipe to pause and resume the target. if (!fork_signal_sender(&signal_fd, &signal_pid, request.pid)) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to fork signal sender"); exit(1); } if (attach_gdb) { // Open all of the input devices we need to listen for VOLUMEDOWN before dropping privileges. if (init_getevent() != 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to initialize input device, not waiting for gdb"); attach_gdb = false; } } auto send_signal = [=](int signal) { int error; if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(signal_fd, &signal, sizeof(signal))) < 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to notify signal process: %s", strerror(errno)); return false; } else if (TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(read(signal_fd, &error, sizeof(error))) < 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to read response from signal process: %s", strerror(errno)); return false; } else if (error != 0) { errno = error; return false; } return true; }; std::set siblings; if (!attach_gdb) { ptrace_siblings(request.pid, request.tid, siblings); } // Generate the backtrace map before dropping privileges. std::unique_ptr backtrace_map(BacktraceMap::Create(request.pid)); bool succeeded = false; // Now that we've done everything that requires privileges, we can drop them. if (!drop_privileges()) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to drop privileges, exiting"); _exit(1); } int crash_signal = SIGKILL; succeeded = perform_dump(request, fd, tombstone_fd, backtrace_map.get(), siblings, &crash_signal); if (succeeded) { if (request.action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_DUMP_TOMBSTONE) { if (!tombstone_path.empty()) { write(fd, tombstone_path.c_str(), tombstone_path.length()); } } } if (attach_gdb) { // Tell the signal process to send SIGSTOP to the target. if (!send_signal(SIGSTOP)) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to stop process for gdb attach: %s", strerror(errno)); attach_gdb = false; } } if (ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, request.tid, 0, 0) != 0) { ALOGE("debuggerd: ptrace detach from %d failed: %s", request.tid, strerror(errno)); } for (pid_t sibling : siblings) { ptrace(PTRACE_DETACH, sibling, 0, 0); } // Send the signal back to the process if it crashed and we're not waiting for gdb. if (!attach_gdb && request.action == DEBUGGER_ACTION_CRASH) { if (!send_signal(crash_signal)) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to kill process %d: %s", request.pid, strerror(errno)); } } // Wait for gdb, if requested. if (attach_gdb && succeeded) { wait_for_user_action(request); // Tell the signal process to send SIGCONT to the target. if (!send_signal(SIGCONT)) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to resume process %d: %s", request.pid, strerror(errno)); } uninit_getevent(); } if (!send_signal(0)) { ALOGE("debuggerd: failed to notify signal sender to finish"); kill(signal_pid, SIGKILL); } waitpid(signal_pid, nullptr, 0); exit(!succeeded); } static int do_server() { // debuggerd crashes can't be reported to debuggerd. // Reset all of the crash handlers. signal(SIGABRT, SIG_DFL); signal(SIGBUS, SIG_DFL); signal(SIGFPE, SIG_DFL); signal(SIGILL, SIG_DFL); signal(SIGSEGV, SIG_DFL); #ifdef SIGSTKFLT signal(SIGSTKFLT, SIG_DFL); #endif signal(SIGTRAP, SIG_DFL); // Ignore failed writes to closed sockets signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN); struct sigaction act; act.sa_handler = SIG_DFL; sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask); sigaddset(&act.sa_mask,SIGCHLD); act.sa_flags = SA_NOCLDWAIT; sigaction(SIGCHLD, &act, 0); int s = socket_local_server(SOCKET_NAME, ANDROID_SOCKET_NAMESPACE_ABSTRACT, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_CLOEXEC); if (s == -1) return 1; ALOGI("debuggerd: starting\n"); for (;;) { sockaddr_storage ss; sockaddr* addrp = reinterpret_cast(&ss); socklen_t alen = sizeof(ss); ALOGV("waiting for connection\n"); int fd = accept4(s, addrp, &alen, SOCK_CLOEXEC); if (fd == -1) { ALOGE("accept failed: %s\n", strerror(errno)); continue; } handle_request(fd); } return 0; } static int do_explicit_dump(pid_t tid, bool dump_backtrace) { fprintf(stdout, "Sending request to dump task %d.\n", tid); if (dump_backtrace) { fflush(stdout); if (dump_backtrace_to_file(tid, fileno(stdout)) < 0) { fputs("Error dumping backtrace.\n", stderr); return 1; } } else { char tombstone_path[PATH_MAX]; if (dump_tombstone(tid, tombstone_path, sizeof(tombstone_path)) < 0) { fputs("Error dumping tombstone.\n", stderr); return 1; } fprintf(stderr, "Tombstone written to: %s\n", tombstone_path); } return 0; } static void usage() { fputs("Usage: -b []\n" " -b dump backtrace to console, otherwise dump full tombstone file\n" "\n" "If tid specified, sends a request to debuggerd to dump that task.\n" "Otherwise, starts the debuggerd server.\n", stderr); } int main(int argc, char** argv) { union selinux_callback cb; if (argc == 1) { cb.func_audit = audit_callback; selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_AUDIT, cb); cb.func_log = selinux_log_callback; selinux_set_callback(SELINUX_CB_LOG, cb); return do_server(); } bool dump_backtrace = false; bool have_tid = false; pid_t tid = 0; for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) { if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-b")) { dump_backtrace = true; } else if (!have_tid) { tid = atoi(argv[i]); have_tid = true; } else { usage(); return 1; } } if (!have_tid) { usage(); return 1; } return do_explicit_dump(tid, dump_backtrace); }