Last changes

Signed-off-by: Denis 'GNUtoo' Carikli <GNUtoo@cyberdimension.org>

2 files changed, 140 insertions, 213 deletions

diff --git a/36c3/Replicant_sustainability/Makefile b/36c3/Replicant_sustainability/Makefile
index 20fbd5c..7bc95ec 100644
--- a/36c3/Replicant_sustainability/Makefile
+++ b/36c3/Replicant_sustainability/Makefile
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 TEXFLAGS ?= -halt-on-error -output-format pdf -output-directory output
 TITLE = Replicant_sustainability
+IMAGES := \
+	output/i9300_hardware.png \
+	output/virtuous_circle.png \
 
 .PHONY: all clean test medias
 all: output/$(TITLE).pdf
@@ -7,16 +10,17 @@ all: output/$(TITLE).pdf
 output:
 	mkdir -p output
 
-output/$(TITLE).pdf: output $(TITLE).tex output/i9300_hardware.jpeg
+output/$(TITLE).pdf: output $(TITLE).tex $(IMAGES)
 	pdflatex $(TEXFLAGS) '\providecommand\locale{en}\input{$(TITLE).tex}'
 	# pdflatex $(TEXFLAGS) '\providecommand\locale{en}\input{$(TITLE).tex}'
 
 output/%.png: dot/%.dot output
 	dot -T png $< > $@
 
-output/i9300_hardware.jpeg: images/i9300_hardware.svg
+output/i9300_hardware.png: images/i9300_hardware.svg
 	convert $< $@
 
-
+output/virtuous_circle.png: images/virtuous_circle.dot
+	dot -T png $< > $@
 clean:
 	rm -rf output
diff --git a/36c3/Replicant_sustainability/Replicant_sustainability.tex b/36c3/Replicant_sustainability/Replicant_sustainability.tex
index 6280e18..8432351 100644
--- a/36c3/Replicant_sustainability/Replicant_sustainability.tex
+++ b/36c3/Replicant_sustainability/Replicant_sustainability.tex
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@
   }
 }
 
-\newcommand{\qtmokopictureframe}[2] {
+\newcommand{\devicespictureframe}[3] {
   {
     \begin{frame}
-      \noindent
-                {\includegraphics{#1}}
-                {\includegraphics{#2}}
-                \hspace*{-\textwidth}
+      \center{#1}
+      {\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{../../external_resources/replicant_website/images/supported-devices/#2.png}}
+      {\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{../../external_resources/replicant_website/images/supported-devices/#3.png}}
+      \hspace*{-\textwidth}
     \end{frame}
   }
 }
@@ -53,6 +53,12 @@
 
 \maketitle
 
+%% \begin{frame}
+%%   \begin{itemize}
+%%   \item Context
+%%   \end{itemize}
+%% \end{frame}
+
 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 
 \begin{frame}
@@ -65,7 +71,7 @@
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{Some context}
+  \center{Quick Facts}
   \begin{itemize}
   \item Website: replicant.us
   \item Exists since September 2009
@@ -76,11 +82,12 @@
       \item Replicant 9: Android 9, work in progress\cite{porting-to-android-9}
       \end{itemize}
   \item Supports $\sim$ 10 devices (smartphones and tablets)
+  \item $\sim$ 2 full time equivalent contributors and a big community
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{Minimum feature set required to support a device}
+  \center{Minimum feature set required to support a device:}
   \begin{itemize}
   \item Display working and graphics fast enough
   \item sound working
@@ -90,134 +97,21 @@
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{A very short introduction on hardware}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item System on a chip
-  \item Smartphones and the modem
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\pictureframe{output/i9300_hardware.jpeg}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{picture of the hardware + link to GSM tower}
-\end{frame}
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{A short introduction to Android}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Android: Time to market driven architectures?}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item SOCs
-    \begin{itemize}
-    \item Write the code work as fast as possible
-    \item Support as much hardware features as possible
-    \item $\rightarrow$ Varying code quality
-    \item $\rightarrow$ Example: One driver rewritten 3 times
-    \end{itemize}
-  \item To smartphones and tablets
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Freedom and companies image}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Having the source code under free software licenses, even if the code quality is bad is crucial for freedom:
-    \begin{itemize}
-    \item Hardware bringup is often made that way anyway
-    \item Things can be improved later:
-      always be cleaned up later or if the code quality is too bad, rewritten from scratch
-    \item Having the source code under a free software license is very important
-    \item Worst case: use the source code as documentation or reverse engineer it (add prints)
-    \end{itemize}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Android Architecture}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Examples of the worst API changes:
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Audio driver: Incompatible interface: Qualcomm DSP (MSM7K)
-  \item Modem driver: Out of tree driver, with changing interfaces (Samsung IPC)
-  \item Backlight driver: uses LED interfaces instead (HTC Dream)
-  \item WiFi driver: Has a highly modified Wext interface (Broadcom, TI, etc)
-  \item Display driver: Has a custom panel refresh interface (MSM7k, Optimus black)
-  \item Camera driver: uses custom ioctl to make it work
-  \item Accelerometer driver: output custom protocol + custom ioctl
-  \item Kernel core: has different power management API
-  \end{itemize}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Image of the Android framework}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Android Framework}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Device manufacturers can break the Linux API completely
-  \item It can take time (years) to bring in a new framework in Linux
-  \item API and ABI guarantees (modulo kernel configuration and build)
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Replicant phase 1: Quick and dirty hacks}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Introduction}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Replicant History: short version
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Before the Openmoko}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Picture of various hardware}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{The Openmoko: a GNU/Linux smartphone}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Pictures of the openmoko}
-\end{frame}
+%% \begin{frame}
+%%   \center{A very short introduction on hardware}
+%%   \begin{itemize}
+%%   \item System on a chip
+%%   \item Smartphones and the modem
+%%   \end{itemize}
+%% \end{frame}
 
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Many GNU/Linux distributions were available for it}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Debian
-  \item SHR
-  \item QtMoko
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
+\pictureframe{output/i9300_hardware.png}
 
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Issues:}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Hardware
-  \item Software
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{Comparison with GNU/Linux} \\
+  \center{Why Android?}
   \begin{itemize}
-  \item Advantages
+  \item Advantages:
     \begin{itemize}
     \item GUI and applications adapted to big fingers
     \item $\rightarrow$ run on devices that:
@@ -229,7 +123,7 @@
     \end{itemize}
   \item Issues
   \begin{itemize}
-  \item GNU/Linux software architecture is light years ahread
+  \item Part of the GNU/Linux software architecture is light years: Package management and build system, Graphics, audio, etc
   \item Huge unknown code from google
   \item Meant to run proprietary software
   \item Not meant to empower users
@@ -238,65 +132,97 @@
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
+  \center{Android: From time to market driven architecture to substainability}
   \begin{itemize}
-  \item Like a proprietary OS (Microsoft Windows)
-  \item Let's replicate it and make a free software version
-  \item $\rightarrow$ Replicant
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Replicant, SHR and the HTC Dream} \\
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item SHR: GNU/Linux on the first Android device
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Took more than one year of hard work
-  \item by 3 or 4 people (not full time)
-  \item Not reliable
-  \item Incomplete (audio) or missing features (rotation)
-  \end{itemize}
-  \item Replicant
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Took very few hours/week
-  \item 1 person (not full time)
-  \item Way more reliable
-  \end{itemize}
+  \item SOCs, WiFi chips, smartphones and tablets
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item Write the code work as fast as possible
+    \item Support as much hardware features as possible
+    \item $\rightarrow$ Varying code quality
+    \item $\rightarrow$ Example: One driver rewritten 3 times %% TODO: reference
+    \end{itemize}
+  \item Breaking Kernel API and ABI
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item It can take time (years) to bring in a new framework in Linux
+    \item Example of API breakage: HTC dream audio driver
+    \item Solution: Apps$\leftarrow$ $\rightarrow$ Android framework $\leftarrow$ $\rightarrow$ HAL $\leftarrow$ $\rightarrow$  Kernel
+    \item Getting better in Android: Trebble and Generic Kernel images
+    \end{itemize}
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{HTC Dream: Bad for freedom}
+  \center{Freedom and companies image:}
   \begin{itemize}
-  \item Qualcomm MSM7k
-  \item The modem controlled:
+  \item Having the source code under free software licenses, even if the code quality is bad is crucial for freedom:
     \begin{itemize}
-      \item The boot, RAM and storage of the device
-      \item The audio (and most probably the microphone)
+    \item Hardware bringup is often made that way anyway
+    \item Things can be improved later:
+      always be cleaned up later or if the code quality is too bad, rewritten from scratch
+    \item Having the source code under a free software license is very important
+    \item Worst case: use the source code as documentation or reverse engineer it (add prints)
     \end{itemize}
-  \item We leanred about it while working on Replicant.
+    \item $\rightarrow$ We depend on that source code
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Replicant phase 2: Better devices}
-\end{frame}
+%% \begin{frame}
+%%   \center{What affect a device lifetime in Replicant?}
+%%   \begin{itemize}
+%%   \item Upstream support $\leftarrow$ We're working on it
+%%   \item Android RAM consumption VS device RAM size $\leftarrow$ Very little leverage from Replicant
+%%   \item Removable batteries and developers being able to get the device $\leftarrow$ We don't support devices without removable batteries
+%%   \item Freedom issues (Chinese whispers) $\leftarrow$ Conflicting interests
+%%   \end{itemize}
+%% \end{frame}
 
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Newer devices}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Nexus one
-    \begin{itemize}
-    \item The audio (and most probably the microphone)
-    \item Required nonfree audio firmware for having working calls
-    \end{itemize}
-  \end{itemize}
+\begin{frame}[plain,allowframebreaks]{title}
+\begin{xtabular}{ll}
+  \hline
+  Device dropping cause & Replicant leverage \\
+  \hline
+  Upstream support & We're working to improve it \\
+  \hline
+  Android RAM consumption & negligeable \\
+  %% Most device we want to support have similar-ish RAM size
+  %% Cannot increase much the device lifetime by choosing devices with bigger RAM size
+  %% => We have no impact on it and have to endure it
+  \hline
+  Lack of removable batteries & don't support devices with non-replacable batteries \\
+  \hline
+  Freedom issues & Conflicting interests \\
+  %% Chinese whispers => Better keeping it simple
+  %% We drop the least free devices
+  %% Conflicting interest
+  \hline
+\end{xtabular}
 \end{frame}
 
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+\devicespictureframe{Replicant phase 1: Quick and dirty hacks}{dream_sapphire}{passion}
+%% Context: [Replicant 1.5 -> Replicant 2.2]
+%% Talk about:
+%% - Qualcomm
+%%   - MSM7K: The modem controlled:
+%%     - The boot, RAM and storage of the device
+%%     - The audio (and most probably the microphone)
+%%   - QSD8K: issues:
+%%     - Nexus one required nonfree audio firmware for having working calls
+%%     - The audio (and most probably the microphone)
+%%     - No strong guarantee about the modem isolation
+%%     - Too much nonfreee libs
+%%     - Mainline status
+%%     - Too much proprietary libs nowadays
+%% - We leanred about all that while working on Replicant.
+%% TODO:
+%% - Make a picture of the HTC Dream with the keyboard open
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
+
+%% TODO: Backup slide with list of proprietary libs of a modern qualcomm SOC
 \begin{frame}
   \center{Code substainability}
   \begin{itemize}
-  \item Required verry little maintenance and time (quick and dirty hacks)
+  \item Required very little maintenance and time (quick and dirty hacks)
   \item Porting to a new Android version:
     \begin{itemize}
     \item 3D acceleration:
@@ -316,20 +242,19 @@
   \begin{itemize}
   \item Removable batteries
   \item Little RAM
-  \item Nightmare-like freedom issues
+  \item Nightmare-like freedom issues:
     \begin{itemize}
     \item $\rightarrow$ Very strong incentive to discontinue support for them
     \item $\rightarrow$ negligeable freedom gained by installing Replicant
-    \item $\rightarrow$ Replicant was still useful as support for better devices was added later
+    \item $\rightarrow$ Replicant was still useful as support for better devices were added later
     \end{itemize}
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{Better devices}
+  \center{Replicant phase 2: Replicant 2.3 $\rightarrow$ Replicant 4.0}
   \begin{itemize}
-  \item More freedom
-  \item But required more work
+  \item More freedom but required more work
     \begin{itemize}
     \item Required to continue reverse engineering the modem protocol (easy but long)
     \item Nonfree libraries to replace varies across devices. Examples: Camera, audio, etc
@@ -338,20 +263,29 @@
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{Freedom blockers}
+  \center{Devices substainability and freedom blockers}
   \begin{itemize}
-  \item All currently supported devices have nonfree bootloaders
-  \item The nonfree bootloaders are not easy at all to replace as the code is usually signed
+  \item Nonfree and signed bootloaders that are very hard or impossible to replace
+  \item Devices without modem isolation guarantees %% Have been dropped later
+  \item WiFi, Bluetooth, GPS
+  \item Enough RAM (1GB or more) on all the supported devices %% TODO: check with tablets
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{Replicant phase 3: Focus on devices with free software bootloaders}
+  \center{Code substainability}
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \item Porting to a new Android version can take quite some time:
+    \begin{itemize}
+    \item Still need to make it fast without 3D acceleration
+    \item Still have Total dependency on Android upstream (Linux code not upstream)
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
+%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{First attempt to change focus}
+  \center{Replicant phase 3: GNU/Linux devices on Replicant 4.2}
   \begin{itemize}
   \item The GTA04 from Golden Delicious has a free software bootloader
   \item The Optimus black (p970) from LG has a bootloader that is not signed
@@ -374,7 +308,7 @@
   \item Required a lot of work by Paul Kocialkowski\cite{freeing-a-phone-from-the-ground-up}
   \item Bootloader: The code is now upstream in u-boot
   \item Linux: Very minimal support upstream
-    \begin{itemize}    
+    \begin{itemize}
     \item working: microSD, USB
     \item lacking: No display driver, sound etc
     \end{itemize}
@@ -382,22 +316,9 @@
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Optimus black}
-  \begin{itemize}
-  \item Long work to add support in upstream u-boot
-  \item Very basic upstream Linux support (lacking a display driver etc)
-  \item See Paul's blog for more details\cite{freeing-a-phone-from-the-ground-up}
-  \end{itemize}
-\end{frame}
-
 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
 \begin{frame}
   \center{Replicant phase 4: Back to supported devices}
-\end{frame}
-
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{Replicant 6 status}
   \begin{itemize}
   \item Android 6 outdated
   \item Samsung devices still supported
@@ -405,18 +326,18 @@
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{Samsung devices that are or can be supported by Replicant}
+  \center{Samsung devices that are or can be supported by Replicant 6.0}
   \begin{itemize}
   \item Exynos or OMAP System on a chip
   \item The modems in it have been customized by samsung use the same vendor-specific protocol
-  \item Very large number of unit sold: 
+  \item Very large number of unit sold:
     \begin{itemize}
     \item 70 million units for the Galaxy SIII
     \item Easy to find second hand
     \end{itemize}
   \item Isolated modem for currently supported devices
   \item Removable battery for smartphones and somewhat removable for tablets
-  \item Nonfree bootloader
+  \item Nonfree and signed bootloader
   \item WiFi doesn't work out of the box
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
@@ -551,11 +472,7 @@
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
-\begin{frame}
-  \center{TODO: Not vicious circle + image}
-  %% GNU/Linux ----benefits----> Replicant
-  %% Replicant ----benefits----> GNU/Linux
-\end{frame}
+\pictureframe{output/virtuous_circle.png}
 
 \begin{frame}
   \center{Effects of using Linux upstream}
@@ -591,10 +508,16 @@
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}
-  \center{Extra readings}
+  \center{How to not drop devices:}
   \begin{itemize}
-  \item OpenMoko History: \url{https://www.vanille.de/blog/openmoko-10-years-after-mickeys-story/}
-  \item Paul's blog for on freeing the Optimus black\cite{freeing-a-phone-from-the-ground-up}
+    \item Get to the same freedom than future devices:
+      \begin{itemize}
+      \item Free software bootloader
+      \item Free WiFi and Bluetooth firmwares
+      \item GPS (library + firmware)
+      \end{itemize}
+  \item Enough RAM or obtimisations
+  \item Hardware documentation and repair guides under a free license
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}
 
@@ -607,7 +530,7 @@
     \item SHR pictures: \url{http://wiki.openmoko.org/wiki/SHR_User_Manual}
     \end{itemize}
   \item HTC Dream: \url{https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HTC_Dream_opened.jpg}
-    Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported 
+    Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
   \item \url{https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/} for the rest.
   \end{itemize}
 \end{frame}