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authorHans Boehm <hboehm@google.com>2015-10-10 00:12:02 +0000
committerAndroid Git Automerger <android-git-automerger@android.com>2015-10-10 00:12:02 +0000
commitca9a5ad0d46acb1e69730b06dd9716349a781bff (patch)
treed6dd5cc793f6b62436db7a8c384800121fa5ef4f
parent492d496dc01b452973b05ffd3c11a33d2e86bd5b (diff)
parent114e08db3c0ed3ffb77129ee5db62645edc580bb (diff)
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am 114e08db: Merge "BoundedRational.java cleanup" into mnc-dr-dev
* commit '114e08db3c0ed3ffb77129ee5db62645edc580bb': BoundedRational.java cleanup
-rw-r--r--src/com/android/calculator2/BoundedRational.java352
-rw-r--r--tests/src/com/android/calculator2/BRTest.java6
2 files changed, 229 insertions, 129 deletions
diff --git a/src/com/android/calculator2/BoundedRational.java b/src/com/android/calculator2/BoundedRational.java
index 2b3d1ed..9d3e2a7 100644
--- a/src/com/android/calculator2/BoundedRational.java
+++ b/src/com/android/calculator2/BoundedRational.java
@@ -16,22 +16,25 @@
package com.android.calculator2;
-// We implement rational numbers of bounded size.
-// If the length of the nuumerator plus the length of the denominator
-// exceeds a maximum size, we simply return null, and rely on our caller
-// do something else.
-// We currently never return null for a pure integer.
-// TODO: Reconsider that. With some care, large factorials might
-// become much faster.
-//
-// We also implement a number of irrational functions. These return
-// a non-null result only when the result is known to be rational.
import java.math.BigInteger;
import com.hp.creals.CR;
+/**
+ * Rational numbers that may turn to null if they get too big.
+ * For many operations, if the length of the nuumerator plus the length of the denominator exceeds
+ * a maximum size, we simply return null, and rely on our caller do something else.
+ * We currently never return null for a pure integer or for a BoundedRational that has just been
+ * constructed.
+ *
+ * We also implement a number of irrational functions. These return a non-null result only when
+ * the result is known to be rational.
+ */
public class BoundedRational {
+ // TODO: Consider returning null for integers. With some care, large factorials might become
+ // much faster.
// TODO: Maybe eventually make this extend Number?
+
private static final int MAX_SIZE = 800; // total, in bits
private final BigInteger mNum;
@@ -57,13 +60,19 @@ public class BoundedRational {
mDen = BigInteger.valueOf(1);
}
- // Debug or log messages only, not pretty.
+ /**
+ * Convert to String reflecting raw representation.
+ * Debug or log messages only, not pretty.
+ */
public String toString() {
return mNum.toString() + "/" + mDen.toString();
}
- // Output to user, more expensive, less useful for debugging
- // Not internationalized.
+ /**
+ * Convert to readable String.
+ * Intended for output output to user. More expensive, less useful for debugging than
+ * toString(). Not internationalized.
+ */
public String toNiceString() {
BoundedRational nicer = reduce().positiveDen();
String result = nicer.mNum.toString();
@@ -74,11 +83,16 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
public static String toString(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return "not a small rational";
+ if (r == null) {
+ return "not a small rational";
+ }
return r.toString();
}
- // Primarily for debugging; clearly not exact
+ /**
+ * Return a double approximation.
+ * Primarily for debugging.
+ */
public double doubleValue() {
return mNum.doubleValue() / mDen.doubleValue();
}
@@ -93,39 +107,55 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
private boolean tooBig() {
- if (mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) return false;
+ if (mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) {
+ return false;
+ }
return (mNum.bitLength() + mDen.bitLength() > MAX_SIZE);
}
- // return an equivalent fraction with a positive denominator.
+ /**
+ * Return an equivalent fraction with a positive denominator.
+ */
private BoundedRational positiveDen() {
- if (mDen.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) > 0) return this;
+ if (mDen.signum() > 0) {
+ return this;
+ }
return new BoundedRational(mNum.negate(), mDen.negate());
}
- // Return an equivalent fraction in lowest terms.
+ /**
+ * Return an equivalent fraction in lowest terms.
+ * Denominator sign may remain negative.
+ */
private BoundedRational reduce() {
- if (mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) return this; // Optimization only
- BigInteger divisor = mNum.gcd(mDen);
+ if (mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) {
+ return this; // Optimization only
+ }
+ final BigInteger divisor = mNum.gcd(mDen);
return new BoundedRational(mNum.divide(divisor), mDen.divide(divisor));
}
- // Return a possibly reduced version of this that's not tooBig.
- // Return null if none exists.
+ /**
+ * Return a possibly reduced version of this that's not tooBig().
+ * Return null if none exists.
+ */
private BoundedRational maybeReduce() {
- if (!tooBig()) return this;
+ if (!tooBig()) {
+ return this;
+ }
BoundedRational result = positiveDen();
- if (!result.tooBig()) return this;
result = result.reduce();
- if (!result.tooBig()) return this;
+ if (!result.tooBig()) {
+ return this;
+ }
return null;
}
public int compareTo(BoundedRational r) {
- // Compare by multiplying both sides by denominators,
- // invert result if denominator product was negative.
- return mNum.multiply(r.mDen).compareTo(r.mNum.multiply(mDen))
- * mDen.signum() * r.mDen.signum();
+ // Compare by multiplying both sides by denominators, invert result if denominator product
+ // was negative.
+ return mNum.multiply(r.mDen).compareTo(r.mNum.multiply(mDen)) * mDen.signum()
+ * r.mDen.signum();
}
public int signum() {
@@ -136,28 +166,37 @@ public class BoundedRational {
return compareTo(r) == 0;
}
- // We use static methods for arithmetic, so that we can
- // easily handle the null case.
- // We try to catch domain errors whenever possible, sometimes even when
- // one of the arguments is null, but not relevant.
+ // We use static methods for arithmetic, so that we can easily handle the null case. We try
+ // to catch domain errors whenever possible, sometimes even when one of the arguments is null,
+ // but not relevant.
- // Returns equivalent BigInteger result if it exists, null if not.
+ /**
+ * Returns equivalent BigInteger result if it exists, null if not.
+ */
public static BigInteger asBigInteger(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return null;
- if (!r.mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) r = r.reduce();
- if (!r.mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) return null;
- return r.mNum;
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ final BigInteger[] quotAndRem = r.mNum.divideAndRemainder(r.mDen);
+ if (quotAndRem[1].signum() == 0) {
+ return quotAndRem[0];
+ } else {
+ return null;
+ }
}
public static BoundedRational add(BoundedRational r1, BoundedRational r2) {
- if (r1 == null || r2 == null) return null;
+ if (r1 == null || r2 == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
final BigInteger den = r1.mDen.multiply(r2.mDen);
- final BigInteger num = r1.mNum.multiply(r2.mDen)
- .add(r2.mNum.multiply(r1.mDen));
+ final BigInteger num = r1.mNum.multiply(r2.mDen).add(r2.mNum.multiply(r1.mDen));
return new BoundedRational(num,den).maybeReduce();
}
public static BoundedRational negate(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return null;
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
return new BoundedRational(r.mNum.negate(), r.mDen);
}
@@ -166,10 +205,11 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
static BoundedRational multiply(BoundedRational r1, BoundedRational r2) {
- // It's tempting but marginally unsound to reduce 0 * null to zero.
- // The null could represent an infinite value, for which we
- // failed to throw an exception because it was too big.
- if (r1 == null || r2 == null) return null;
+ // It's tempting but marginally unsound to reduce 0 * null to 0. The null could represent
+ // an infinite value, for which we failed to throw an exception because it was too big.
+ if (r1 == null || r2 == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
final BigInteger num = r1.mNum.multiply(r2.mNum);
final BigInteger den = r1.mDen.multiply(r2.mDen);
return new BoundedRational(num,den).maybeReduce();
@@ -181,9 +221,14 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
}
+ /**
+ * Return the reciprocal of r (or null).
+ */
static BoundedRational inverse(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return null;
- if (r.mNum.equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) {
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ if (r.mNum.signum() == 0) {
throw new ZeroDivisionException();
}
return new BoundedRational(r.mDen, r.mNum);
@@ -194,19 +239,22 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
static BoundedRational sqrt(BoundedRational r) {
- // Return non-null if numerator and denominator are small perfect
- // squares.
- if (r == null) return null;
+ // Return non-null if numerator and denominator are small perfect squares.
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
r = r.positiveDen().reduce();
- if (r.mNum.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) < 0) {
+ if (r.mNum.signum() < 0) {
throw new ArithmeticException("sqrt(negative)");
}
- final BigInteger num_sqrt = BigInteger.valueOf(Math.round(Math.sqrt(
- r.mNum.doubleValue())));
- if (!num_sqrt.multiply(num_sqrt).equals(r.mNum)) return null;
- final BigInteger den_sqrt = BigInteger.valueOf(Math.round(Math.sqrt(
- r.mDen.doubleValue())));
- if (!den_sqrt.multiply(den_sqrt).equals(r.mDen)) return null;
+ final BigInteger num_sqrt = BigInteger.valueOf(Math.round(Math.sqrt(r.mNum.doubleValue())));
+ if (!num_sqrt.multiply(num_sqrt).equals(r.mNum)) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ final BigInteger den_sqrt = BigInteger.valueOf(Math.round(Math.sqrt(r.mDen.doubleValue())));
+ if (!den_sqrt.multiply(den_sqrt).equals(r.mDen)) {
+ return null;
+ }
return new BoundedRational(num_sqrt, den_sqrt);
}
@@ -220,39 +268,45 @@ public class BoundedRational {
public final static BoundedRational THIRTY = new BoundedRational(30);
public final static BoundedRational MINUS_THIRTY = new BoundedRational(-30);
public final static BoundedRational FORTY_FIVE = new BoundedRational(45);
- public final static BoundedRational MINUS_FORTY_FIVE =
- new BoundedRational(-45);
+ public final static BoundedRational MINUS_FORTY_FIVE = new BoundedRational(-45);
public final static BoundedRational NINETY = new BoundedRational(90);
public final static BoundedRational MINUS_NINETY = new BoundedRational(-90);
private static BoundedRational map0to0(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return null;
- if (r.mNum.equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) {
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ if (r.mNum.signum() == 0) {
return ZERO;
}
return null;
}
private static BoundedRational map0to1(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return null;
- if (r.mNum.equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) {
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ if (r.mNum.signum() == 0) {
return ONE;
}
return null;
}
private static BoundedRational map1to0(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return null;
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
if (r.mNum.equals(r.mDen)) {
return ZERO;
}
return null;
}
- // Throw an exception if the argument is definitely out of bounds for asin
- // or acos.
+ // Throw an exception if the argument is definitely out of bounds for asin or acos.
private static void checkAsinDomain(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return;
+ if (r == null) {
+ return;
+ }
if (r.mNum.abs().compareTo(r.mDen.abs()) > 0) {
throw new ArithmeticException("inverse trig argument out of range");
}
@@ -266,9 +320,13 @@ public class BoundedRational {
public static BoundedRational degreeSin(BoundedRational r) {
final BigInteger r_BI = asBigInteger(r);
- if (r_BI == null) return null;
+ if (r_BI == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
final int r_int = r_BI.mod(BIG360).intValue();
- if (r_int % 30 != 0) return null;
+ if (r_int % 30 != 0) {
+ return null;
+ }
switch (r_int / 10) {
case 0:
return ZERO;
@@ -299,10 +357,12 @@ public class BoundedRational {
public static BoundedRational degreeAsin(BoundedRational r) {
checkAsinDomain(r);
final BigInteger r2_BI = asBigInteger(multiply(r, TWO));
- if (r2_BI == null) return null;
+ if (r2_BI == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
final int r2_int = r2_BI.intValue();
- // Somewhat surprisingly, it seems to be the case that the following
- // covers all rational cases:
+ // Somewhat surprisingly, it seems to be the case that the following covers all rational
+ // cases:
switch (r2_int) {
case -2: // Corresponding to -1 argument
return MINUS_NINETY;
@@ -320,18 +380,18 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
public static BoundedRational tan(BoundedRational r) {
- // Unlike the degree case, we cannot check for the singularity,
- // since it occurs at an irrational argument.
+ // Unlike the degree case, we cannot check for the singularity, since it occurs at an
+ // irrational argument.
return map0to0(r);
}
public static BoundedRational degreeTan(BoundedRational r) {
- final BoundedRational degree_sin = degreeSin(r);
- final BoundedRational degree_cos = degreeCos(r);
- if (degree_cos != null && degree_cos.mNum.equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) {
+ final BoundedRational degSin = degreeSin(r);
+ final BoundedRational degCos = degreeCos(r);
+ if (degCos != null && degCos.mNum.signum() == 0) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Tangent undefined");
}
- return divide(degree_sin, degree_cos);
+ return divide(degSin, degCos);
}
public static BoundedRational atan(BoundedRational r) {
@@ -340,8 +400,12 @@ public class BoundedRational {
public static BoundedRational degreeAtan(BoundedRational r) {
final BigInteger r_BI = asBigInteger(r);
- if (r_BI == null) return null;
- if (r_BI.abs().compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) > 0) return null;
+ if (r_BI == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ if (r_BI.abs().compareTo(BigInteger.ONE) > 0) {
+ return null;
+ }
final int r_int = r_BI.intValue();
// Again, these seem to be all rational cases:
switch (r_int) {
@@ -376,16 +440,20 @@ public class BoundedRational {
private static final BigInteger BIG_TWO = BigInteger.valueOf(2);
- // Compute an integral power of this
+ /**
+ * Compute an integral power of this.
+ */
private BoundedRational pow(BigInteger exp) {
- if (exp.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) < 0) {
+ if (exp.signum() < 0) {
return inverse(pow(exp.negate()));
}
- if (exp.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) return this;
+ if (exp.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) {
+ return this;
+ }
if (exp.and(BigInteger.ONE).intValue() == 1) {
return multiply(pow(exp.subtract(BigInteger.ONE)), this);
}
- if (exp.equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) {
+ if (exp.signum() == 0) {
return ONE;
}
BoundedRational tmp = pow(exp.shiftRight(1));
@@ -396,13 +464,21 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
public static BoundedRational pow(BoundedRational base, BoundedRational exp) {
- if (exp == null) return null;
- if (exp.mNum.equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) {
+ if (exp == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ if (exp.mNum.signum() == 0) {
+ // Questionable if base has undefined value. Java.lang.Math.pow() returns 1 anyway,
+ // so we do the same.
return new BoundedRational(1);
}
- if (base == null) return null;
+ if (base == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
exp = exp.reduce().positiveDen();
- if (!exp.mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) return null;
+ if (!exp.mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) {
+ return null;
+ }
return base.pow(exp.mNum);
}
@@ -417,12 +493,14 @@ public class BoundedRational {
return map0to1(r);
}
- // Return the base 10 log of n, if n is a power of 10, -1 otherwise.
- // n must be positive.
+ /**
+ * Return the base 10 log of n, if n is a power of 10, -1 otherwise.
+ * n must be positive.
+ */
private static long b10Log(BigInteger n) {
// This algorithm is very naive, but we doubt it matters.
long count = 0;
- while (n.mod(BigInteger.TEN).equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) {
+ while (n.mod(BigInteger.TEN).signum() == 0) {
if (Thread.interrupted()) {
throw new CR.AbortedException();
}
@@ -436,26 +514,35 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
public static BoundedRational log(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return null;
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
if (r.signum() <= 0) {
throw new ArithmeticException("log(non-positive)");
}
r = r.reduce().positiveDen();
- if (r == null) return null;
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
if (r.mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) {
long log = b10Log(r.mNum);
- if (log != -1) return new BoundedRational(log);
+ if (log != -1) {
+ return new BoundedRational(log);
+ }
} else if (r.mNum.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) {
long log = b10Log(r.mDen);
- if (log != -1) return new BoundedRational(-log);
+ if (log != -1) {
+ return new BoundedRational(-log);
+ }
}
return null;
}
- // Generalized factorial.
- // Compute n * (n - step) * (n - 2 * step) * ...
- // This can be used to compute factorial a bit faster, especially
- // if BigInteger uses sub-quadratic multiplication.
+ /**
+ * Generalized factorial.
+ * Compute n * (n - step) * (n - 2 * step) * etc. This can be used to compute factorial a bit
+ * faster, especially if BigInteger uses sub-quadratic multiplication.
+ */
private static BigInteger genFactorial(long n, long step) {
if (n > 4 * step) {
BigInteger prod1 = genFactorial(n, 2 * step);
@@ -476,61 +563,68 @@ public class BoundedRational {
}
}
- // Factorial;
- // always produces non-null (or exception) when called on non-null r.
+ /**
+ * Factorial function.
+ * Always produces non-null (or exception) when called on non-null r.
+ */
public static BoundedRational fact(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return null; // Caller should probably preclude this case.
- final BigInteger r_BI = asBigInteger(r);
- if (r_BI == null) {
+ if (r == null) {
+ return null;
+ }
+ final BigInteger rAsInt = asBigInteger(r);
+ if (rAsInt == null) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Non-integral factorial argument");
}
- if (r_BI.signum() < 0) {
+ if (rAsInt.signum() < 0) {
throw new ArithmeticException("Negative factorial argument");
}
- if (r_BI.bitLength() > 30) {
+ if (rAsInt.bitLength() > 30) {
// Will fail. LongValue() may not work. Punt now.
throw new ArithmeticException("Factorial argument too big");
}
- return new BoundedRational(genFactorial(r_BI.longValue(), 1));
+ return new BoundedRational(genFactorial(rAsInt.longValue(), 1));
}
private static final BigInteger BIG_FIVE = BigInteger.valueOf(5);
private static final BigInteger BIG_MINUS_ONE = BigInteger.valueOf(-1);
- // Return the number of decimal digits to the right of the
- // decimal point required to represent the argument exactly,
- // or Integer.MAX_VALUE if it's not possible.
- // Never returns a value les than zero, even if r is
- // a power of ten.
+ /**
+ * Return the number of decimal digits to the right of the decimal point required to represent
+ * the argument exactly.
+ * Return Integer.MAX_VALUE if that's not possible. Never returns a value less than zero, even
+ * if r is a power of ten.
+ */
static int digitsRequired(BoundedRational r) {
- if (r == null) return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
- int powers_of_two = 0; // Max power of 2 that divides denominator
- int powers_of_five = 0; // Max power of 5 that divides denominator
+ if (r == null) {
+ return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+ }
+ int powersOfTwo = 0; // Max power of 2 that divides denominator
+ int powersOfFive = 0; // Max power of 5 that divides denominator
// Try the easy case first to speed things up.
- if (r.mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) return 0;
+ if (r.mDen.equals(BigInteger.ONE)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
r = r.reduce();
BigInteger den = r.mDen;
if (den.bitLength() > MAX_SIZE) {
return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
while (!den.testBit(0)) {
- ++powers_of_two;
+ ++powersOfTwo;
den = den.shiftRight(1);
}
- while (den.mod(BIG_FIVE).equals(BigInteger.ZERO)) {
- ++powers_of_five;
+ while (den.mod(BIG_FIVE).signum() == 0) {
+ ++powersOfFive;
den = den.divide(BIG_FIVE);
}
- // If the denominator has a factor of other than 2 or 5
- // (the divisors of 10), the decimal expansion does not
- // terminate. Multiplying the fraction by any number of
- // powers of 10 will not cancel the demoniator.
- // (Recall the fraction was in lowest terms to start with.)
- // Otherwise the powers of 10 we need to cancel the denominator
- // is the larger of powers_of_two and powers_of_five.
+ // If the denominator has a factor of other than 2 or 5 (the divisors of 10), the decimal
+ // expansion does not terminate. Multiplying the fraction by any number of powers of 10
+ // will not cancel the demoniator. (Recall the fraction was in lowest terms to start
+ // with.) Otherwise the powers of 10 we need to cancel the denominator is the larger of
+ // powersOfTwo and powersOfFive.
if (!den.equals(BigInteger.ONE) && !den.equals(BIG_MINUS_ONE)) {
return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
- return Math.max(powers_of_two, powers_of_five);
+ return Math.max(powersOfTwo, powersOfFive);
}
}
diff --git a/tests/src/com/android/calculator2/BRTest.java b/tests/src/com/android/calculator2/BRTest.java
index 77d4bf0..0163a0f 100644
--- a/tests/src/com/android/calculator2/BRTest.java
+++ b/tests/src/com/android/calculator2/BRTest.java
@@ -139,6 +139,12 @@ public class BRTest extends TestCase {
check(BR_0.signum() == 0, "signum(0)");
check(BR_M1.signum() == -1, "signum(-1)");
check(BR_2.signum() == 1, "signum(2)");
+ check(BoundedRational.asBigInteger(BR_390).intValue() == 390, "390.asBigInteger()");
+ check(BoundedRational.asBigInteger(BoundedRational.HALF) == null, "1/2.asBigInteger()");
+ check(BoundedRational.asBigInteger(BoundedRational.MINUS_HALF) == null,
+ "-1/2.asBigInteger()");
+ check(BoundedRational.asBigInteger(new BoundedRational(15, -5)).intValue() == -3,
+ "-15/5.asBigInteger()");
check(BoundedRational.digitsRequired(BoundedRational.ZERO) == 0, "digitsRequired(0)");
check(BoundedRational.digitsRequired(BoundedRational.HALF) == 1, "digitsRequired(1/2)");
check(BoundedRational.digitsRequired(BoundedRational.MINUS_HALF) == 1,